微波烧结金属陶瓷材料的工艺研究

采用微波烧结新技术研究了纳米金属陶瓷材料的烧结工艺与性能。结果表明 ,微波烧结Al2 O3 TiCN Mo Ni纳米金属陶瓷在 14 0 0℃的温度下保温 10分钟时 ,可达到 99%的相对密度 ;烧结温度降低 ,烧结时间大幅度缩短 ,且烧结前后晶粒尺寸变化很小。与设计的助热保温结构相结合 ,成功地对金属陶瓷进行了烧结 ,建立的加热系统加热效率高、结构简单 ,操作方便     

预烧温度对纳米复合Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响

用真空预烧＋热等静压处理工艺制备了纳米复合Ti（C，N）基金属陶瓷，用SEM和TEM／EDX研究了预烧温度对纳米复合Ti（C，N）基金属陶瓷显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明：随着预烧温度的升高，硬质相颗粒明显球化、细化且分布均匀，具有白芯-灰壳结构的小硬质相颗粒明显增多，且环形相较完整。在1420℃预烧时，金属陶瓷具有较好的力学性能；继续升高顸烧温度时，晶粒会明显长大，环形相变厚、变脆，导致材料的性能下降。综合考虑认为，较佳预烧结温度为1420℃。     

纳米HfC对微波烧结TiB2基金属陶瓷刀具材料力学性能和微观组织的影响

采用微波烧结技术快速制备一种力学性能良好的TiB₂基金属陶瓷刀具材料,研究了纳米HfC含量对金属陶瓷力学性能和微观组织的影响,分析了微观组织和力学性能之间的关系,揭示了纳米HfC对金属陶瓷刀具材料的增强补韧机理。结果表明：加入纳米HfC可显著提高材料的断裂韧度和抗弯强度,含20wt.%HfC的金属陶瓷断裂韧度和抗弯强度相较于未加HfC的断裂韧度和抗弯强度分别提高了36.7%和45.4%,断裂韧度高达10.68MPa·m^1/2±0.30MPa·m^1/2;随着纳米HfC含量的增加,TiB₂基体晶粒由粗大、无规则形状向细小、矩形形状转变,平均晶粒尺寸可缩小到原来的1/2.6;TiB₂-TiC-HfC金属陶瓷的主要增强补韧机理为细晶强化、颗粒弥散强化、固溶强化、裂纹偏转和钉扎效应。     

放电等离子烧结制备Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷

用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备了Ti(C，N)基金属陶瓷材料。使用XRD、SEM对烧结体物相、微观组织进行了分析，并对金属陶瓷的硬度、抗弯强度和孔隙率进行了对比分析。结果表明：SPS工艺下形成了Ti(C，N)相；1350℃下保温8min是较佳的烧结工艺。原料粉添加VC后，烧结体晶粒组织明显细化，但孔隙率变大，综合性能仍高于未添加VC的金属陶瓷。     

铅基钙钛矿结构微波介质陶瓷的制备工艺研究

采用液相助烧的烧结工艺制备了PbCaFeNb高εr微波介质陶瓷材料，并研究了液相助烧剂对降低烧结温度的影响，同时研究了成型压力、烧结工艺对材料微观组织及微波性能的影响。结果发现：掺杂Bi2O3和MnO2后，即改善了材料的性能又降低了烧结温度，低温烧结时，随成型压力增大，材料密度呈上升趋势，在一定范围内使得材料品质因数Qf提高，选择恰当的煅烧温度和适当提高烧结温度及延长烧结时间和保温时间可以提高材料的Qf。     

不同方法制备TiC/Ni_3Al金属陶瓷的组织与性能

采用粉末冶金法,通过镍粉和铝粉的原位反应合成以及预合成两种方法制备Ni3Al,在1 440~1 470℃真空烧结制备了TiC/Ni3Al金属陶瓷,研究了Ni3Al含量、烧结温度和钼含量对金属陶瓷组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:两种方法制备的金属陶瓷都具有传统金属陶瓷的典型芯环结构;随着Ni3Al含量的增多,金属陶瓷的致密度和抗弯强度均增大,而硬度呈先升后降的趋势;在1 450℃烧结制备的金属陶瓷具有良好的硬度和抗弯强度;钼的添加可以提高TiC/Ni3Al金属陶瓷的抗弯强度,但却使其硬度下降,当钼的质量分数为10%时,TiC/30%Ni3Al金属陶瓷具有良好的综合力学性能,其抗弯强度和硬度分别为1 330 MPa和85.8HRA。     

纳米TiN改性金属陶瓷刀具的磨损性能研究

研究了纳米TiN改性TiC金属陶瓷刀具（纳米改性金属陶瓷刀具，下同）与普通Ti（C，N）基金属陶瓷刀具及硬质合金刀具在切割正火态45钢时的磨损曲线及磨损机理。结果表明：纲米TiN改性TiC基金属陶瓷刀具的效果明显；与硬质合金刀具相比，纳米改性金属陶瓷刀具优良的综合性能使其具有更同的耐磨性。刀具的失效形式主要是磨损及崩刃。     

Mn-Zn铁氧体粉末压坯微波烧结致密性研究

采用频率为2.45 GHz的微波对Mn-Zn铁氧体粉末压坯进行烧结,研究微波加热过程样品的吸波性能和致密化特性,并探讨压坯在微波场中的加热机理,用扫描电镜对烧结样品的形貌进行观察。结果表明,Mn-Zn铁氧体粉末压坯在微波加热的初期(温度低于500)吸波性能较好,样品温度上升比较快,平均为15 ℃/min.;当温度高于500 ℃,加热速度逐渐下降,温度到800 ℃左右必须加大微波功率,样品温度才会继续上升;温度高于1 400 ℃,样品发生“热失控”;烧结温度对烧结密度的影响比较显著,密度随烧结温度的升高而增大,从1 250 的4.20 g/cm增大到1 400 ℃的4.93 g/cm;Mn-Zn铁氧体可在微波场中快速烧结致密,在1 400 微波烧结(保温时间为零)Mn-Zn铁氧体粉末样品组织致密、均匀。     

纳米TiN改性TiC基金属陶瓷可转位刀片研究

阐述了用纳米TiN改性对TiC基金属陶瓷力学性能的影响，用自行研制的纳米TiN改性的TiC基金属陶瓷可转位刀片与YT15、YT8及未改性的TiC基金属陶瓷刀片进行了对比性的切削试验。结果表明纳米TiN改性的TiC基金属陶瓷刀片具有优良的综合切削性能，生产应用具有广阔的前景。     

扩散自润滑金属陶瓷耐磨烧结体的设计

基于扩散自润滑对金属陶瓷耐磨烧结体的性能要求,分析了高强韧性微细孔结构的金属陶瓷烧结体的增强增韧机制以及基体组分、造孔剂含量和制备工艺参数对烧结体组织和性能的影响;探讨了制备高强韧性、高耐磨自润滑微细孔结构的金属陶瓷烧结体的设计原则;并以TiC/Cr-Mo-W-V系微细孔结构的金属陶瓷烧结体为例,对所述的设计原则进行了验证性讨论.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.