Nanoscale(纳米)材料制造超薄偏光薄膜

Optiva开发了一种使用自聚合纳米材料的处理技术,可以制造薄型晶体薄膜偏光器,并且可以将亚微米的图形直接印刷到玻璃或者塑料上,可以制造更薄而简单的LCD。传统的LCD制造使用200μm的偏光薄膜,这种技术具有75年的历史,容易导致设备厚度和成本的增加。 除了减少了层次和降低了复杂性外,TCF偏光器比传统的偏光器降低了光泄漏,具有更高的稳定性和更宽的视角,提高了LCD的性能。TCF材料的另一个优势就是可以经受200℃的高温,而传统的偏光器只能承受低于90℃的温度。     

相变材料在弹载电子设备热设计中的应用

弹载环境下,重量受到较大的限制.对于大热耗的电子设备,仅仅依靠金属结构件,不能满足工作时间内蓄热要求.通过在金属结构件中填充相变材料,在不增加系统重量的前提下,可以极大的提高系统的蓄热能力,从而满足系统蓄热要求.     

A novel hybrid heat sink using phase change materials for transient thermal management of electronics

A hybrid heat sink concept which combines passive and active cooling approaches is proposed. The hybrid heat sink is essentially a plate fin heat sink with the tip immersed in a phase change material (PCM). The exposed area of the fins dissipates heat during periods when high convective cooling is available. When the air cooling is reduced, the heat is absorbed by the PCM. The governing conservation equations are solved using a finite-volume method on orthogonal, rectangular grids. An enthalpy method is used for modeling the melting/re-solidification phenomena. Results from the analysis elucidate the thermal performance of these hybrid heat sinks. The improved performance of the hybrid heat sink compared to a finned heat sink (without a PCM) under identical conditions, is quantified. In order to reduce the computational time and aid in preliminary design, a one-dimensional fin equation is formulated which accounts for the simultaneous convective heat transfer from the finned surface and melting of the PCM at the tip. The influence of the location, amount, and type of PCM, as well as the fin thickness on the thermal performance of the hybrid heat sink is investigated. Simple guidelines are developed for preliminary design of these heat sinks.     

Evaluation of intensity shape and phase change of light pulses withfrequency chirp due to self-phase modulation

A method for evaluating ultrashort light pulses is proposed. The temporal shape and the time-dependent phase change of the pulses is determined using self-consistent iterative calculations based on experimental data of the second-harmonic intensity autocorrelation and the spectra of the pulses. The self-phase modulation originating from the optical Kerr effect (OKE) and/or the saturable effect in the absorber dye solution is taken into account, and two parameters, the amount and the recovery time of the OKE, are introduced into the calculation of the temporal shape and the phase change of the pulses. These two parameters are chosen to give the best agreement of experimental and calculated second-harmonic intensity autocorrelation and spectra. The calculated results determined the lower limits of the recovery time of the OKE     

用三区三元相位滤波器提高近场光存储系统的焦深

为了提高近场固体浸没透镜光存储系统的焦深,设计了三区三元相位滤波器.设计建立在矢量衍射理论基础上,应用MATLAB优化工具箱优化设计出可以获得最大焦深的滤波器结构参数.在设计过程中,我们限定记录光斑的大小与没有滤波器时的光斑大小相等,而光斑的强度减小一半,所设计的滤波器可以使近场固体浸没透镜光存储系统的焦深提高1.6倍...     

Defect-tolerant Logic with Nanoscale Crossbar Circuits

Crossbar architectures are one approach to molecular electronic circuits for memory and logic applications. However, currently feasible manufacturing technologies for molecular electronics introduce numerous defects so insisting on defect-free crossbars would give unacceptably low yields. Instead, increasing the area of the crossbar provides enough redundancy to implement circuits in spite of the defects. We identify reliability thresholds in the ability of defective crossbars to implement boolean logic. These thresholds vary among different implementations of the same logical formula, allowing molecular circuit designers to trade-off reliability, circuit area, crossbar geometry and the computational complexity of locating functional components. We illustrate these choices for binary adders. For instance, one adder implementation yields functioning circuits 90% of the time with 30% defective crossbar junctions using an area only 1.8 times larger than the minimum required for a defect-free crossbar. We also describe an algorithm for locating a combination of functional junctions that can implement an adder circuit in a defective crossbar.     

Determination of lines of constant phase in the near-field of ametallic cube and an airplane

A method is presented which enables one to calculate the scattered field very close to the surface of a perfectly conducting body as well as at the surface itself. The method is based on the representation of the scattered field by an integral over the surface current distribution. The integrand is treated by identity transformations that the singular terms can be integrated analytically, while the remaining nonsingular terms are integrated numerically. The surface current distribution is determined by the magnetic field integral equation. The theory is validated by experiments with the scattered field of a metallic cube with an edge length of a wavelength. The current distribution and the normal as well as the tangential electric field at the surface of the cube are measured by small probes, and the results are compared to those of the theory. The theoretical results of the current distributions are presented as gray value graphics-those of the near-field distribution of a cube and an airplane with the help of lines of constant phase     

Background light ray modeling for change detection

This paper is an extension of the work that was originally reported in Shimada et al. (2013). This paper proposes a change detection method based on spatio-temporal light ray consistency. The proposed method introduces light field sensing, which is used to generate an arbitrary in-focus plane. Change detection is performed in a surveillance scene, where the background region can be filtered out by an out-focusing process. This approach resolves a longstanding issue in background modeling-based object detection, which often suffers from false positives in the background regions. To realize this new change detection method, a new feature representation, called the local ray pattern (LRP), is introduced. The LRP evaluates the spatial consistency of the light rays, and this plays an important role in distinguishing whether the light rays come from the in-focus plane or elsewhere. A combination of the LRP and Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based background modeling realizes change detection in the in-focus plane. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed method’s effectiveness and its applicability to video surveillance.     

Electrooptic materials for digital light beam deflectors

The technology of digital deflectors made significant progress in the past. The success of this development was primarily based on the advances made in the preparation of electrooptic materials. The selection criteria are described here for a material suitable for the particular application under consideration, and a survey is made of the most promising electrooptic materials, both solid state and liquid. The list of solid-state materials comprises representatives of the class of oxygen octahedra ferroelectrics, KDP isomorphs, and AB-type compounds. A section on Kerr liquids begins with considerations for the optimization of the molecular structure and gives experimental results on some newly synthesized materials. Further, the impurity conduction phenomena that are important to the technical performance are described in detail. The final section reviews the present state of digital deflector development.     

细胞培养用品光透射规律的研究

应用紫外分光光度计对细胞培养板盖及培养液的光透射规律进行了初步观察。结果显示,200－280nm波长范围的光很难透过培养板盖（透射率仅2％－10％）,对400－800nm波长范围光的透过率达84％左右,含小牛血清和未含小牛血清的PRMI细胞培养液对600－800nm波长范围的光透过较高（透射率分别为78％左右,81％左右）,对小于600nm波长的光透过较弱。     

Nanoscale light confinement and transport in symmetric hybrid plasmonic waveguides based on silicon nanoslots

正Light confinement at the nanoscale beyond the fundamental diffraction limit is of critical importance to the advancement of next-generation photonic technology,since it offers unprecedented opportunities with dramatically enhanced light-matter interactions.A silicon-nanoslot based symmetric hybrid structure was reported,capable of providing low propagation loss,subwavelength mode size and tight field confinement inside the low-index gap region.The nice optical performance in conjunction with several unique features could enable a number of further applications.In addition to the waveguide proposed here,a number of alternative guiding schemes could also be employed to achieve the goal of propagation loss reduction with subwavelength mode confinement,including structures based on horizontal slot waveguides,and many other configurations capable of forming symmetric or near-symmetric environment along with high-index contrast near the metallic waveguides,such as metal nanostructures covered by low-high-index dielectrics supported by low-index substrates,and coaxial type-structures consisting of metallic nanowires surrounded by dielectrics.     

Deposition of Nanoscale Films with Fractal Topography

An experimental study is reported of the growth of nanoscale metal films with fractal topography. The films are produced by magnetron sputtering or vacuum evaporation, and fractal topography is induced with Aires shapers. The films are examined by optical microscopy, SEM, and AFM. A discussion of the results is presented.     

改变IC材料以适应环境标准

随着2006年6月1日的渐渐临近,“关于在电子电气设备禁止使用某些有害物质指令”,也就是欧盟的RoHS指令即将生效,设计工程师或他们的IC供应商开始采纳该指令。几乎所有的IC生产商都引入了新的无铅材料,设计师需要了解这些新材料以及新材料对其产品产生何影响。     

Accelerating near-field 3D imaging approach for joint high-resolution imaging and phase error correction

The computational complexity and memory requirements of large-scale data seriously affect the application of compressed sensing (CS) in near-field three-dimensional (3-D) imaging system. In addition, as influenced by the measurement environment, the error in echo phase results in imaging defocusing. This paper proposes a CS near-field 3-D imaging approach based on nonuniform fast Fourier transform and phase error correction. It applies the fast Gaussian gridding nonuniform fast Fourier transform technique and Separable Surrogate Functionals with only matrix and vector multiplied to accelerate imaging speed and reduce memory requirements; it adopts the phase error correction technique to realize highly-focused imaging; in addition, a sparse observation approach based on Logistic sequence is proposed in this paper for easy availability of engineering realization for CS imaging. As indicated by numerical analysis and actual measurement in anechoic chamber, the approach proposed in this paper, compared with traditional imaging approaches, has the following advantages: accurate high resolution 3-D image of target can be obtained by applying small amount of observation data (10%); the computational complexity falls from O(LN) to O(3N) and memory occupation quantity drops from O(LN) to O(N); it can effectively perform highly-focused imaging for echo signal with phase error; the measurement matrix designed has better non-coherence and easy availability for engineering realization.

     

Progress of super-resolution near-field structure in near-field optical storage technology

Super-resolution near-field structure (Super-RENS) is one of the most promising near-field optical recording schemes with significant application prospects. The development of Super-RENS from the basic type to the third-generation is introduced. The development of mask material and the application of Super-RENS in different recording systems are summarized.     

Correlation of scanning thermal microscopy and near-field cathodoluminescence analyses on a blue GaN light emitting device

A scanning near-field thermal microscope and a scanning electron microscope/scanning near-field optical microscope hybrid system for near-field cathodoluminescence investigations were used to characterize blue GaN LEDs. Optoelectronic, electronic and thermal device properties are determinable with highest resolution. These results provide an interesting perspective with respect to failure analyses and reliability of the devices.     

Gigacycle bandwidth coherent light traveling-wave phase modulator

A continuous duty coherent light phase modulator has been constructed which exhibits a bandwidth in the kilomega-cycles. A modulation index of unity has been obtained with a modulation peak power of about 12 watts. This power level is independent of the bandwidth of the modulation. This is contrasted with known microwave amplitude light modulators which require peak modulation power in the kilowatts and exhibit bandwidths of the order of 30 Mc. The extremely wide bandwidth operation with the low modulation power is obtained by applying the modulation voltage to the electro-optic material by means of a traveling-wave structure of the transmission line type. The direction of propagation of the light and of the modulation are colinear and the transmission line is designed so that the light progresses through the crystal in synchronism with the modulation on the line. The magnitude of the angular modulation was determined by illuminating the modulator with a ruby laser and examining the individual spectral components of the output with an S-band traveling-wave microwave phototube receiver. Similar to the behavior of conventional FM systems, a minimum in the carrier at a modulation index of 3.75 was observed as well as the appearance of the appropriate sidebands. These experiments were performed at 30 Mc and 1 Gc. It appears that the bandwidth of the modulator should be several octaves greater than 1 Gc, but this was not determined experimentally for equipment reasons. The attenuation of the 1 Gc modulation through the modulator and the balun at either end was 2 db and the attenuation of the light through the electro-optic crystals was about 6 db. A good portion of this later loss undoubtedly occurred at the interfaces between crystals.