Preclinical pharmacology study of neutral myocardial imagingagent 99mTcN(NOEt)2

To explore the biological properties of a new neutralmyocardial imaging agent ^99mTcN(NOEt)₂, preparationand characterization of ^99mTcN(NOEt)₂, kinetics of blood-drugclearance in rabbits, biodistribution in rats, test of unduetoxicity in mice and myocardial imaging in dogs were performed andvolunteer imaging.Radiochemical purity of ^99mTcN(NOEt)₂ was over than 90% and stable for 6 hours at room temperature. Blood disappearancewas analyzed with biexponential model,T_1/2(α)=2.53min, T_1/2(β)=330min and Cl=378mL/h were obtained. Biodistribution studiesdemonstrated that ^99mTcN(NOEt)₂ localized selectivelyin myocardiumof rats. Cardiac uptake were 2.79, 2.25, 2.00 and 1.88%ID/organ at 5,30, 60 and 90min of postinjection, respectively. The heart-to-lungactivity ratio was 1.16 at 60min. Images showed that pulmonary uptakedecreased faster than cardiac uptake in a dog. The mean heart-to-lungactivity ratios in a dog were 1.69, 2.40 and 2.55 at 10, 30 and 60min of postinjection, respectively. The heart was distinguishableon scans at 30min. Whole body imaging showed that cardiac uptakewas 2.82%ID at 90min, but hepatic uptake was 30%ID and remainedconstant. The test of undue toxicity showed that the dose receivedby mice was 614 times as by human. Volunteer imaging suggests ^99mTcN(NOEt)₂ redistribution with time.^99mTcN(NOEt)₂ exhibitedfavorable stabilities, biological properties and safety. It is worth forfurther studying in human.     

153Sm-EDTMP体内外的竞争结合分析

With the waters ultrahydrogel^TM 120 μm HPLC column(7.8 mm×300 mm),several experiments have been finished, including the in vitro binding assay of ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP, ¹⁵³SmCl₃ with the Cys, BSA, mouse plasma; HPLC analysis of the urine and the extracting solution of liver homogenate after having injected the ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP and ¹⁵³SmCl₃ 2 h; HPLC analysis of the production (¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP)radiation self-decomposition with large dose. For the HPLC analysis, the condition is the mobile phase of 0.85 mol/mL PBS (pH=7.5), flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, sampling of 15 μL. The results are following (1) The ¹⁵³SmCl₃ not only is able to bind with the mouse plasma in vitro, but also is able to be absorbed by liver in vivo; (2) ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP is not bind with the mouse plasma, the Cys and BSA in vitro & vivo; ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP is not found in the extracted solution of liver homogenate at n(EDTMP)∶n(Sm)≥5∶1; ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP is not decomposed in the urine, ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP is stable in vivo; (3) ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP radiation self-decomposition is not detected with large dose in the term of validity (6 d), but two small degradation peaks have been found in the production solution after 60 d, the radiochemistry purity of production is always great than 98 % during the period.     

低折射率SiO2光学增透薄膜的结构控制

A new method of structural control of low refraction index silica thin films is reported. Based on TEOS system and sol-gel process, together with organic dopant and silane coupling agent, the microstructure of SiO₂ particles in the sol is exactly controlled. Then silica thin films with 1.15～1.18 of refractive index are obtained by use of dip-coating. The films are characterized by ellipsometer, spectrophotometer,SEM and TEM, respectively. The experimental results show that adjusting pH value of the sol can effectively control and keep the microstructure of SiO₂ sol, and the doping silane coupling agent makes particles of SiO₂ sol grow up.     

Phase changes of the ZrO2-12wt%Y2O3 film with Ar+ irradiation

The zirconia containing 12wt%Y₂O₃ thin films deposited by r.f. magnetron sputtering at 25℃ or 400℃, and then bombarded with Ar⁺ beam at room temperature were characterized with XRD before and after Ar⁺ bombardment. It is found that a series of phases formation and transformation happened, among them the mostimportant event is that T' phase appeared after Ar⁺ irradiation andthe content of the T' phase increased with the increase of Ar⁺ iondoses from 5×10¹⁵ to 6×10¹⁶ ions cm^-2.     

Solvent extraction of nitric acid,uranium(VI) and thorium(IV) by N,N,N＇,N＇-tetrahexylsuccinylamide

A new kind of diamideN,N,N＇,N＇-tetrahexylsuccinylamide (THSA)wassynthesized,characterized and used for the extraction of HNO₃,U(VI) and Th(IV)in a diluent composed of 0.5 volume fraction1,2,4-trimethy benzene(TMB) and 0.5 volume fraction kerosene(OK).Extraction distribution coefficients of U(VI) and Th(IV) as functionsof aqueous nitric acid concentration, extractant concentration,temperature and salting-out agent (LiNO₃) have been studied, and it is found that THSA as an extractant is superior to TBP for extraction ofU(VI) and Th(IV). Back extraction was also studied. At low acidity, themain adduct of THSA and HNO₃ is HNO₃^.THSA. THSA^.(HNO₃)₂ and THSA^.(HNO₃)₃ are also found at high acidity. The compositions of extracted species, apparent equilibrium constants and enthalpies ofextraction reactions have also been calculated.     

Selective Extraction of Light Lanthanides by N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)-diglycolamic Acid:Comparative Study with N,N-dimethyl-diglycolamic Acid as Chelator in Aqueous Solution

<正>The complexation and selectivity of N,Ndi(2-ethylhexyl)-diglycolamic acid (HDEHDGA,HA)/kerosene toward the light lanthanides,La(Ⅲ),Ce(Ⅲ),Pr(Ⅲ),and Nd(Ⅲ),are presented for the extraction from chloride media.In the low pH region (pH=1.8-2.8),the obtained data reveal that the extraction of Ln(Ⅲ) is governed by cation-exchange mechanism and is driven by the negative change in enthalpy.     

New Measurement of Proton Transfer Reactions and Elastic Scattering for 7Li + 13C at 34 MeV

The 13C(7Li, 6He) 14N reaction is measured at E(7Li) = 34 MeV with the Q3D magnetic spectrometer of HI-13 tandem accelerator. Angular distributions at forward angles for proton transfer to the ground and the first excited states in 14N are obtained. In addition, angular distribution for 7Li + 13 C elastic scattering is also measured. The optical potential parameters for the entrance and exit channels of the transfer reactions are derived by fitting the 7Li + 13C and 6Li + 14N elastic scattering experimental data, and their angular distributions are well reproduced by the distorted wave Born approximation calculations. A phase shift of about 2 between the calculations and the experiment data has been found in the earlier (7Li, 6He) study, whereas no such phase shift is observed in the present work.     

Development of 230 MeV Beam Transfer System

<正>A proton therapy system including superconducting cyclotron,beam transfer system,gantry,nozzle,treatment bed and patient positioning system is under development at Research and Design Center for Cyclotron of CIAE.The main function of the proton beam transfer system is to adjust the energy of the protons extracted from the cyclotron according to the size and position of the tumor by using the degrader and energy selection system,and control the beam size by using quadrupoles.The proton beam is transferred to the isocenter under maximizing transmission efficiently.     

10 MeV中子引起的238U、209Bi和Fe的 次级中子双微分截面测量

Neutron double differential cross sections of ²³⁸U，²⁰⁹Bi and Fe at 10 MeV are measured at 5 or 8 angles between 35° and 120° by means of both normal and abnormal TOF spectro-meters using D(d,n) neutron source. The data of ²³⁸U,²⁰⁹Bi and Fe are compared with theoretical calculations. A good agreement is achieved.     

<Superscript>63</Superscript>Ni-based β-electric current source

The possibility of developing a β-electric atomic battery with microwatt power based on ⁶³Ni with a lifetime of at least 30 years is analyzed. A method is proposed for large-scale commercial production of ⁶³Ni with concentration 80–90% in the final product. A design of a β-electric transducer based on macroporous silicon with optimized configuration and macropore depth (microchannels) is presented and analyzed. ⁶³Ni is deposited on the inner surface of the microchannels. A laboratory model of an atomic battery based on ⁶³Ni has been fabricated. The working parameters and the current-voltage characteristics of a 500 μW(e) atomic battery based ⁶³Ni (90% concentration) are presented. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 103, No. 6, pp. 353–356, December, 2007.     

Dependence of Quasi-Particle Alignment on Proton Number in N=44 Isotones 82Sr,83Y,84Zr and 85Nb

The g-factors of Ground Rotational Band states of N=44 isotones 82Sr, 83Y, 84Zr and 85Nb have been measured by the transient-magnetic-field ion implantation perturbed angular distribution (TMF-IMPAD) method. The measured g-factors of 82Sr increase with the increase of spin I, indicating a proton alignment only. Positive peaks appear in the variation of g-factors with spin for 83Y and 84Zr at spin 21/2+ and 10+ respectively, indicating a proton alignment followed by a neutron alignment. A negative peak occurs for 85Nb at the spin25/2+ , indicating a neutron alignment followed by a proton alignment.     

Extraction of uranium（VI）from nitric acid with N—decanoylpyrrolidine（DPOD）in toluene

The extraction behaviors of uranium(VI) from nitric acid by N-decanoylpyrrolidine (DPOD) in toluene has been studied at varying concentrations of nitric acid,extractant,salting out agent LiNo3 and at different temperatures.The mechanism of extraction is discussed in the light of the results obtained.     

β-decay Study of T_z=-3/2Proton-rich Nucleus ~(29)S

<正>The exotic decay of nuclei far from the stability has recently become a hot topic of nuclear structure research.The nuclide ~(29)S is not well investigated in the A=4n+1,T_z=-3/2series of strong+β-delayed proton precursors.The decay schemes of these nuclei are characterized by     

Neutron response functions and detection efficiency of a spherical proton recoil proportional counter

<正>The neutron response function and detection efficiency of a spherical proton recoil proportional counter (SP) play key roles in precise measurement of neutron spectra of the interior materials.In this paper,the response functions and detection efficiency of three SPs developed at CAEP are simulated by Geant4.The simulated spectra are compared with pulse-height spectra measured at 0.165,0.575,1.4,and 14.1 MeV of incident neutrons.And the calculated detector efficiencies agree within 5%with the data obtained by neutron activation.     

7Be content and its seasonal variation in the ground air around Hangzhou area

Twice investigations around Hangzhou area show that ⁷Be content average in the ground air is 5.9 mBq^.m^-3.The content of ⁷Be is the highest in autumn-winter period reaching about 7.7 mBq^.m^-3；the next is in spring about 6.2 mBq^.m^-3；then is in the early summer about 5.7 mBq^.m^-3，close to the annual average level; and the lowest in a year is in summer-autumn period with a value about 3.8 mBq^.m^-3. Exhibited is a decreasing trend from autumn-winter period to summer-autumn of the next year，which is negatively correlated with the variation of the seasonal rainfall in Hangzhou area. But this trend is different from that reported by UNSCEAR it is the highest in spring and the lowest in the late autumn, which is based only on ⁷Be falling down from the stratosphere. However, the present investigation shows that the seasonal rainfall is the main factor influencing the variation trend of ⁷Be content in the air.     

Scaling Law of s-Wave Valence Proton Distributions

In the framework of the single-particle potential model, the root-mean-square radii of s-wave valence proton distributions for P and S isotopes have been systematically calculated. The scaling law of s-wave valence proton distributions is obtained by analyzing the relation between radii and separation energies. Necessary condition for the occurrence of 2s1/2-state proton halos is deduced from the scaling law. Quantitative condition derived from this work can to some extent serve as reference for proton halo search.     

Measurements of momentum correlation and interaction parameters between antiprotons

The two-particle momentum correlation is influenced by the nuclear force between two particles, which has been intensively studied for nucleons and nuclei, but not much for antinucleons or antinuclei. In this pro-ceeding, we present our STAR measurements on momen-tum correlation function of antiproton–antiproton and proton–proton in Au+Au collisions at -------sNN√ =200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Attractive nuclear force between two antiprotons is demonstrated, and the strong interaction parameters (the scattering length and the effective range) are determined. This measurement serves as an additional verification of CPT symmetry. The present information on the strong force in the antiproton–antipro-ton system provides a fundamental ingredient towards understanding the structure of more sophisticated antinuclei.     

Effect of Plasma Density on Proton Acceleration in a Rectangular Waveguide

Analytical studies are made for the proton acceleration during its motion in thefields of the fundamental mode excited by a high-intensity microwave in a rectangular waveguide,when the proton is injected along the propagating direction of the mode. The trajectory of theproton is calculated and the expressions are obtained for the energy gain and acceleration gradienttogether with the effects of plasma density, microwave frequency and waveguide width. Energygain of 181 keV is attained by a 50 keV proton in a 0.015m×0.020 m evacuated waveguide when0.5×10～(10)W/m～2 microwave intensity is used. However, this gain increases to 1387 keV whenthe waveguide is filled with a plasma having a density of 1.0×10～(19) m～(-3). Higher accelerationgradients are achieved when the proton is injected with a higher initial energy and also when themicrowave intensity increases. The effects of the microwave frequency and width of the waveguideare found to decrease the acceleration gradient.     

Effects due to multiple scattering of fission fragments in layers of fissioning material

Computer simulation with the SRIM program is used to investigate the passage of fragments from ²³⁵U fission by thermal neutrons through 50–400 μg/cm² thick uranium layers. The calculations are performed in the two-fragment approximation: light ⁹⁷Mo and heavy ¹³⁹Ba. The energy spectra of the fission fragments emanating from the layer are calculated and the effects due to multiple scattering of the fragments in thin layers are estimated. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 100, No. 1, pp. 57–63, January, 2005.     

Extraction of Lanthanides(Ⅲ) along with Thorium(Ⅳ)from Chloride Solution by N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)-diglycolamic Acid

<正>The extraction of Nd(Ⅲ),Gd(Ⅲ) and Er(Ⅲ),which represent light,middle and heavy lanthanides,respectively,from chloride solutions has been carried out by using N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)-diglycolamic acid (HDEHDGA,HA) diluted in kerosene as the organic phase.The results from the slope analysis method indicate that the extraction of Ln(Ⅲ) with HDEHDGA is mainly governed by the cation-exchange reaction mechanisms in the low pH region (pH=1.2-2.7).