纳米材料的奇异特性及其应用前景

叙述了自然界中存在的纳米材料，由此引出纳米材料的许多奇异特性，并展望了纳米材料的应用前景。     

纳米材料在涂料中的应用进展

介绍了近年来国内外有关纳米材料在涂料中的应用和研究开发情况,阐述了涂料用纳米材料的主要特征,提出了纳米材料在涂料中应用所存在的主要问题及解决方法。     

浅谈纳米材料和技术的应用

纳米技术是当今世界最有前途的决定性技术.简要概述了纳米材料在力学、磁学、电学、热学、光学和生命科学等方面的主要应用,并展望了纳米材料的应用前景.     

纳米材料及其应用研究进展

对纳米材料的种类及其所独有的表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应、宏观量子尺寸效应以及介电限域效应进行了综述,介绍了常用的纳米粉体材料制备方法,并阐述了纳米材料在陶瓷、微电子、化工、医学、分子组装等领域的应用。     

滚动轴承的纳米材料润滑技术

纳米材料润滑是一种改善轴承滚动表面性能的新技术。介绍了纳米材料的结构特性及其润滑机理，研究表明，纳米材料润滑剂可以在摩擦表面形成润滑薄膜，可以减小摩擦系数、填补与修复摩擦表面的某些缺陷，有益于解决滚动轴承的许多工作性能问题，如摩擦磨损、摩擦力矩与噪声等。     

纳米材料在生物医学领域的应用与发展

本文评述了纳米材料在生物医学领域的最新应用及研究状况,介绍了纳米材料或纳米粒子晶体所具有的特殊性能,以及纳米材料在国内外的发展情况,并对其前景进行了展望.     

纳米材料在切削铸铁刀具中的应用

简要介绍了纳米复合材料的特点。阐述了铸铁材料尤其是白口铸铁的切削性能。从铸铁材料和切削铸铁的刀具材料两个方面,综述了提高铸铁切削性能的研究状况。详述了纳米陶瓷基复合刀具材料的制备方法及刀具对铸铁切削性能的研究进展。对纳米材料在切削铸铁的刀具材料中应用的前景提出了建议。     

纳米材料分析

评述纳米材料分析的特点。介绍一些常用的纳米材料分析技术的长处和短处及其所能得到的结果。提出纳米材料分析发展的趋势。     

纳米材料的理论与应用研究现状

纳米材料自诞生以来 ,引起人们的普遍关注和重视。国内外科学工作者从多方面对纳米材料进行探讨和研究 ,并取得一定成功。本文从纳米材料的理论与应用研究现状进行全面介绍 ,并提出一些看法     

Nanotechnology and nanostructured materials: trends in carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes have attracted the attention of many researchers since their discovery last decade. These carbon molecules are tiny tubes with diameters down to 0.4 nm, while their lengths can grow up to a million times their diameter. Using their remarkable electrical properties, simple electronic logic circuits have been built. These structures are promising for the semiconductor industry which is leading the search for miniaturisation. They are not only very good conductors, but they also appear to be the yet found material with the biggest specific stiffness, having half the density of aluminium. This paper is written to give a consolidated view of the synthesis, the properties and applications of carbon nanotubes, with the aim of drawing attention to useful available information and to enhancing interest in this new highly advanced technological field for the researcher and the manufacturing engineer.     

浅谈FLASH动画的应用与前景

FLASH动画属于二维动画的后起之秀,已经成为了一种新时代的艺术表现形式。它是一种跨媒体、跨行业的软件,用它设计的网络广告,制作的FLASH网站、MTV、卡通片、游戏,不仅在网络领域里迅速传播,而且纷纷走进手机、无线通讯、电视、电影和音乐唱片等领域,越来越受到人们的青睐。     

Minimization of focused ion beam damage in nanostructured polymer thin films

Focused ion beam (FIB) instruments have proven to be an invaluable tool for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) sample preparation. FIBs enable relatively easy and site-specific cross-sectioning of different classes of materials. However, damage mechanisms due to ion bombardment and possible beam heating effects in materials limit the usefulness of FIBs. Materials with adequate heat conductivity do not suffer from beam heating during FIB preparation, and artifacts in materials such as metals and ceramics are primarily limited to defect generation and Ga implantation. However, in materials such as polymers or biological structures, where heat conductivity is low, beam heating can also be a problem. In order to examine FIB damage in polymers we have undertaken a systematic study by exposing sections of a PS-b-PMMA block copolymer to the ion beam at varying beam currents and sample temperatures. The sections were then examined by TEM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Our empirical results show beam heating in polymers due to FIB preparation can be limited by maintaining a low beam current (≤100 pA) during milling.     

Corrosion-wear behaviour of thermal sprayed nanostructured FeCu/WC-Co coatings

The corrosion and corrosion-wear behaviour of a thermal sprayed nanostructured FeCu/WC-Co coating were investigated in a Hank's solution and compared to stainless steel AISI 304 and nanostructured WC-Co coatings. Electrochemical noise and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were conducted along with an ex situ scanning electron microscopy to unfold the response of these materials under these corrosive and corrosion-wear test conditions. The multiphase structure of the FeCu/WC-Co coating induces a complex corrosion behaviour. Under corrosion-wear conditions, the nanostructured FeCu/WC-Co coating exhibits a depassivation/repassivation behaviour comparable to the behaviour of stainless steel AISI 304 and nanostructured WC-Co coatings.     

How light gets through periodically nanostructured metal films: a role of surface polaritonic crystals

The physical origin of the enhanced optical transmission of periodically structured films related to surface plasmon polaritons is discussed from first principles. The enhancement of transmission through smooth, randomly rough and periodically nanostructured films is considered. Analysis shows that any metal (or dielectric) nanostructured film can exhibit enhanced transmission in certain spectral ranges corresponding to surface plasmon (or phonon) polariton Bloch mode states on a periodic structure. Resonant tunnelling via these states is responsible for the transmission enhancement. The properties of surface polaritonic crystals are analogous to those of photonic crystals and can find numerous applications for scaling down optical devices to nanometric dimensions as well as for designing novel nanostructured materials whose optical properties are determined by surface polariton interaction in a periodic structure.     

浅谈我国汽车发动机再制造技术的应用与发展

发动机再制造技术在国外已有较长时间的发展，笔者对发动机再制造技术在我国的应用价值和应用现状进行了分析，特别是针对它在我国的应用与发展问题，提出了参考性意见。     

Improvement in wear resistance of plasma sprayed yttria stabilized zirconia coating using nanostructured powder

Plasma sprayed yttria stabilized zirconia coatings were prepared using nanostructured and conventional powders with optimized process parameters for the highest deposition efficiency, the smallest porosity and the highest microhardness. The tribological properties of these coatings against 100C6 steel were then tested with a ball-on-disc arrangement. Results showed that although the friction coefficients of the coatings sprayed using the nanostructured powder were slightly different from those of the coatings sprayed using the conventional powder, the former coatings were more wear resistant than the latter coatings. The wear mechanisms of all the coatings were explained in terms of adhesion-induced spallation and micro-fracturing of lamellae. The improvement in wear resistance of the coatings sprayed using the nanostructured powder could be mainly ascribed to the decrease of micrometer-sized defects such as pores and interlamellar and intralamellar cracks in the coatings.     

耳鼻喉动力系统及内窥镜在腺样体手术应用

目的探讨鼻内窥镜联合耳鼻喉动力系统应用于腺样体切除手术的疗效及其优势。方法以我科自2012年3月-2012年12月收治腺样体肥大患儿65例为研究对象,随机分为研究组和对照组,研究组患儿在鼻内窥镜引导下采用耳鼻喉动力系统进行腺样体切除手术,对照组患儿全麻情况下行腺样体刮除术。术后对患者进行随访,并将所得数据进行统计学分析和处理。结果研究组35例治愈患儿20例,有效15例,治疗有效率100%,平均住院时间为3.6d,术中平均出血量为30mL;对照组30例治愈17例,有效8例,无效5例,治疗有效率为83.3%,平均住院时间为5.1d,术中平均出血量为45mL。两组间比较,疗效差异性显著(P<0.05)。结论鼻内耳鼻喉动力系统联合应用于腺样体切除手术较传统手术方法具有显著的优势,手术操作在直视下进行,可提高手术精确性,且出血量及并发症显著减少。     

Near-field optical studies of local photomodification in nanostructured materials

Fractal aggregates of silver nanoparticles are studied experimentally using atomic force microscopy and photon scanning tunnelling microscopy. Large changes in the near-field optical response of fractal aggregates are observed after the irradiation of samples with nanosecond laser pulses. The threshold energy density for photomodification using a 532 nm laser is measured to be 9 mJ cm⁻². It is shown that photomodification-induced changes in the local optical response can be two orders of magnitude larger than changes in far-field absorption.     

激光诱导纳秒时间分辨荧光技术原位检测环境中多环芳烃的应用及展望

介绍激光诱导纳秒时间分辨荧光技术的发展、现状。相比其他检测环境中多环芳烃的方法、手段,结合激光诱导纳秒时间分辨荧光技术在实际工作中的应用,评述其在检测实际环境中多环芳烃方面的应用优势、潜力及前景展望。