炼油厂废水处理回流的研究

研究了炼油厂废水与油田产出污水混合处理为油田回注水的工艺，并进行了工业性试验。结果表明，处理后的水质符合部标ＳＹ５３２９－８８标准，解决了炼油厂废水外排污染环境的问题。同时，拓宽了油田注水水源，具有投资小，处理费用低等优点。     

一种含油废水的处理方法——王有华，杨丽．CN 101279786

本发明涉及一种含油废水的处理方法,特别是针对炼油厂含油废水、油田采油废水的处理方法。先将破乳剂A投入含油废水中,经破乳反应后,再将絮凝剂B投入含油废水中。破乳剂A是一种季铵型的阳离子聚合物：絮凝剂B是一种以磺甲基聚丙烯酰胺为主要成分的胶体水溶液。经本发明的方法处理后的含油废水,特别是炼油厂含油废水、油田采油废水,可以满足后续生化处理的工艺指标要求。     

专利文献

一种处理三元复合驱油田回注水的方法:杜玉成,雷钟,卜仓友,冀亚利,孙建国,朱维南,颜晶,CN101935125A//2011-01-05本发明公开了一种处理三元复合驱油田回注水的方法,本发明涉及油田废水的处理领域。本发明先调节三元复合驱油田回注水pH值到4.0~6.5,将调节pH值后的油     

利用混凝法处理油田废水的研究

本文介绍了适用处理油田废水的高效，廉价的混凝剂ＸＤＹ。实验室及工业应用表明，通过采用ＸＤＹ混凝剂处理后的废水水质全面达到了油田注水的标准。     

化工专利

一种含油废水的处理方法公开(公告)号:CN101279786公开(公告)日:2008.10.08本发明涉及一种含油废水的处理方法,特别是针对炼油厂含油废水、油田采油废水的处理。先将破乳剂A投入含     

改性半焦处理油田含油废水的研究

油田采出水的数量巨大,若未经处理直接排放,将造成严重的环境污染,同时也是对水资源的极大浪费。为探索一种高效低成本处理油田含油废水的方法,本文研究采用半焦对油田含油废水进行深度处理。实验结果表明：经过改性的半焦对含油废水的去除效果明显,甚至可达90％以上,达到了油田二次采油回注水要求。研究还对半焦的吸附机理和废水浓度、过滤速度对除油率的影响进行了讨论。     

我国油田废水处理工艺的现状及研究进展

油田废水处理中包括回注水处理,稠油油田采出水回用注汽锅炉处理,油田外排水处理三大应用方向。本文从油田回注水除油除悬浮物,稠油废水阻垢缓蚀、脱硫消毒,生物法处理油田外排水几个方面介绍了国内外油田废水处理的新技术、工程实例及发展方向。     

油田有机污水的微生物化学处理

随着我国石油工业的发展,油气藏开发由初期自喷阶段逐渐进入注水采油阶段。并且随着注水采油的不断进行,采出液中水含量升高,伴随而来的有机废水的处理成为制约油田可持续发展的重要因素。目前,国内普遍采用的处理方法有生物处理、混凝沉淀和电化学法,各有其局限性。因此,笔者提出采用微生物化学处理来有效处理油田有机废水,同时转化部分能源,从而达到解决含硫污水带来的环境污染问题并回收能源的目的。     

浅谈油田开发中的废水处理技术

油田开发废水主要包括采油废水和钻井废水，我国各油田地质条件、开发方式、注水水质和集输工艺等不同，采油废水和钻井废水的性质差异很大。本文主要探讨油田开发中的废水处理技术。     

采油废水在低渗透油田注水处理中应用工艺研究

我国油田工业开始大范围的开发低渗透油田,产生的废水中有多种对环境不利的物质,需要进行废水处理才能够实现注水水质的转变。严格按照行业标准进行处理,经过对新技术的应用,达到标准的甚至更好的采油废水处理效果。笔者针对目前我国油田采出水回注率现状的研究,借鉴国外的污水处理标准,对我国低渗透油田注水处理的工艺进行研究。经过注水处理工艺实现一级二级甚至更深一级的处理,从自然除油到到精过滤。只有实现无危害的废水处理才能符合我国环境保护的要求,也有利于我国国民经济的可持续发展。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。