放电等离子超快速烧结SiC-Al2O3纳米复相陶瓷

本文介绍用非均相沉淀法制备的纳米ＳｉＣ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合粉体经放电等离子超快速烧结得到晶内型的纳米复相陶瓷,超快速烧结的升温速率为６００℃／ｍｉｎ在烧结温度不保温,迅即在３ｍｉｎ内冷却到６００℃以下。     

Al2O3的粉末特征对β-Al2O3烧结性能的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３原料在不同热处理条件下的相组成和颗粒形貌以及Ａｌ２Ｏ３粉末特征对Ｎａ－β″－Ａｌ２Ｏ３烧结性能的影响，实验表明，只有α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３才能烧结成致密的β″－Ａｌ２ｏ３陶瓷。     

γ-Al2O3纳米粉对氧化铝纤维烧结行为的影响

研究了纳米γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３粉末对化铝纤维烧结行为的影响,在纤维挤在坟成型过程中,纳米粉体填入到微米颗粒形成的孔隙中,当另入量为４０ｗｔ％时,纤维素相对密度由６５％提高到８０％,由于成型密度高、气孔分布窄、孔径小而有利于烧结,在较低的烧结温度下可以达到理论密度,全部采用纳米γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３粉挤压纤维烧结后具肋交大的径向收缩率,在１２００℃烧结即可达到完全致密。     

低温烧结AW-Al2O3生物活性水基流延膜

为了实现Ａｌ２Ｏ３和羟基磷灰石（ＨＡＰ）的同步烧结,必须降底Ａｌ２Ｏ３的烧结温度,选用具有生物活性和较低熔点的Ａ／Ｗ生物玻璃作为Ａｌ２Ｏ３液相烧结的添加剂,利用流延成型工艺,制得了适合流延成型的水基Ａ／Ｗ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３浆料及流延膜,分析了影响浆料及流延成型的各种因素。在烧结过程中,由于玻璃挥发而导致失重,所以样品的密度受烧结温度和烧结时间的影响,但在１３００℃时,１０ｗｔ％Ａ／Ｗ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的烧结密     

YAG- Al2O3纳米复合材料的制备和力学性能

本文介绍了用化学共沉淀和在适当温度下煅烧以直接制备ＹＡＧ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３纳纳米复合粉体的新方法。ＸＲＤ结果表明,所得粉体具纯的ＹＡＧ和α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３相,因此其化学组成符合配料的组分设计,用本方法制备的２５ｖｏｌ％ＹＡＧ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合粉体经热压烧结,所得的致０密体材料为晶内型纳米复合材料,其抗弯强度达６１２ＭＰａ,断裂韧性为４．５４ＭＰａｍ＾－１／２,都比单相Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷有大幅度提高。     

添加Y2O3-Dy2O3的AlN陶瓷的烧结特性及显微结构

本文探索了以自蔓延高温（ＳＨＳ）法合成并经抗水化处理的ＡｌＮ粉为原料,以Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ｄｙ２Ｏ３作为助烧结剂的ＡｌＮ陶瓷的烧结特性及显微结构,结果表明,晶界处存在Ｄｙ４Ａｌ２Ｏ９、Ｙ３Ａｌ２Ｏ９、ＤｙＡｌＯ３、Ｄｙ２Ｏ３和ＤｙＮ等第二相物质,随烧结温度变化,第二相的种类、数量和分布不同,显微结构也随之变化,从而影响ＡｌＮ的热导率,在１８５０℃下,可获得热导率为１４８Ｗ／ｍ·Ｋ的ＡｌＮ陶瓷。     

用柠檬酸盐-凝胶法低温合成单相Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3

本文利用ＸＴＤ、ＤＴＡ、ＴＧＡ、ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ等分析手段研究了用柠檬酸盐－凝胶法低温（６００℃）合成单相Ｂａ（Ｍｇ１／３Ｔａ２／３）Ｏ３的方法。结果发现，与传统的固相反应合成ＢＭＴ的方法相比，柠檬酸盐溶胶－凝胶法能在６００℃的温度下合成单相ＢＭＴ，睽怕粉体具有１０￣２０ｎｍ的单颗粒尺寸。     

纳米ZrO2/(1-n)SiO2-nAl2O3介孔复合作的制备与光致发光

采用溶胶－凝胶法和超临界干燥技术制备了（１－ｎ）ＳｉＯ２－ｎＡｌ２Ｏ３（ｎ＝０、０．０１、０．１）混合气凝胶体系，并以此作为载体，成功地将纳米ＺｒＯ２粒子组装到（１－ｎ）ＳｉＯ２－ｎＡｌ２Ｏ３介孔体系中，而形成纳米ＺｒＯ２／（１－ｎ）ＳｉＯ２－ｎＡｌ２Ｏ３介孔复合材料。光致发光光谱研究表明，室温下以３１６ｎｍ（３．９２ｅＶ）波长激发时，纳米ＺｒＯ２粒子５４０ｎｍ（２．３０ｅＶ）荧光峰，在介孔复合体     

晶内型Al2O3—SiC纳米复合陶瓷的制备

研究了沉淀法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷的工艺过程，利用Ａｌ２Ｏ３从γ相到α相的蠕虫状生长过程，使大部分纳米ＳｉＣ颗粒位于Ａｌ２Ｏ３晶粒内，用沉淀法制得的、含有５ｖｏｌ％ＳｉＣ的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷，其强度为４６７ＭＰａ，韧性为４．７ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，与一般的Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷相比有较大的提高，显示了沉淀法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷的优点。     

高温等静压烧结Al2O3-ZrO2纳米陶瓷

本工作用化学共沉淀法制备了平均晶粒尺寸约２０ｍｍ的２０ｍｏｌ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２复合粉体,不含有Ｙ２Ｏ３作为四方氧化锆的稳定剂,粉体的煅烧温度为７５０℃,ＸＲＤ结果表明,粉体中含１００％立方氧化锆相,未发现有Ａｌ２Ｏ３结晶相存在。该粉体用高温等静压方法,在１０００℃和２００ＭＰａ的条件下烧结１ｈ,得到了平均尺寸为５０ｎｍ的致密陶瓷,样品密度为密度的９８％左右。     

烧结温度对20%ZrO_2(3Y)/Al_2O_3复相陶瓷力学性能和微观结构的影响

20%纳米ZrO2(3Y)粉末加入到高纯亚微米Al2O3粉中,采用高压干压成型方法和恒速升温多阶段短保温烧结方法制备出不同烧结温度下的复相陶瓷。研究烧结温度对复相陶瓷力学性能的影响,通过XRD,EDS和SEM对复相陶瓷进行元素组成和微观结构分析。结果表明:烧结温度在很大程度上影响着复相陶瓷的力学性能和微观结构,常压烧结1600℃保温8h时,相对密度、维氏硬度和断裂韧性达到最大,分别为98.6%,18.54GPa和9.3MPa·m1/2,而基体晶粒尺寸为1.4~8.1μm,ZrO2相变量为34.6%。1600℃下复相陶瓷具有优质的微观结构,断裂方式为沿晶-穿晶混合断裂模式。ZrO2(3Y)粉体的加入,从相变增韧、内晶型颗粒增韧和裂纹偏转等多个方面提高了复相陶瓷的断裂韧性。     

反应烧结法制备(AlN,TiN)-Al2O3复合材料的研究

以Ti,Al,Al₂O₃为初始粉料,通过750~800℃氮气保护下的中温焙烧,然后在1420~1550℃在氮气氛下反应烧结,制备了不同配比的(AlN,TiN)-Al₂O₃复合材料。研究了组成及烧结工艺对复合材料力学性能、显微结构等的影响。用XRD,SEM等方法分析粉体及烧结体的相组成及微观结构。分析结果表明:AlN,TiN的形成,有助于材料的致密化并使其力学性能提高。组成为20wt%(Al,Ti)-Al₂O₃的粉体在1520℃、30MPa、保温、保压30min热压烧结条件下,与N₂气反应可得到硬度(HRA)为 94.1的高硬度的(AlN,TiN)-Al₂O₃复合材料,该材料的抗弯强度为687 MPa,断裂韧性(K_IC)为6.5MPa·m1/2。     

ZrO2 (Y2O3) 增韧的氮化硅烧结体的性能及相关系

在高温(1400℃) 超高压(4. 2GPa) 下制备Y₂O₃ 部分稳定的ZrO₂ 增韧的氮化硅烧结体, 通过XRD 及机械性能测试等方法分析ZrO₂ 的相结构, 研究氮化硅烧结体的增韧机理。结果表明, 烧结体中加入少量的铝粉, 可提高t2ZrO₂ 的相变能力, 达到利用部分稳定的ZrO₂ 增韧氮化硅烧结体的目的。稳定剂Y₂O₃ 在ZrO₂ 中含量小于2. 5mol% 时, t→m 相变量及断裂韧性随Y₂O₃ 含量增加而逐渐提高, 韧性提高来源于相变增韧和微裂纹增韧; Y₂O₃含量大于2. 5mol% 时, t 相接近100% , 韧性主要来源于相变增韧, 增韧效果随Y₂O₃ 含量增加而逐渐减弱。Y₂O₃ 作为良好的烧结助剂, 促进氮化硅烧结体在超高压下致密化, 烧结体的硬度随Y₂O₃ 含量增加逐渐提高。      

Synthesis of SiC/BN nanocomposite powders by carbothermal reduction and nitridation of borosilicate glass, and the properties of their sintered composites

A new synthetic method for the fabrication of SiC/BN nanocomposites was devised to attain strong machinable ceramics. SiC/BN nanocomposites that contained 10, 20, and 30?vol% hexagonal BN (h-BN) were successfully fabricated by sintering SiC-BN nanocomposite powders by carbothermal reduction and nitridation of borosilicate glass powders. Homogeneous mixtures of silica (SiO(2)), boric acid (H(3)BO(3)), and carbon powder were heated in a nitrogen atmosphere to synthesize SiC-BN nanocomposite powders. Borosilicate glass was obtained by reacting SiO(2) and B(2)O(3) above 800?°C, and SiC and turbostratic BN (t-BN) were obtained by reacting borosilicate glass with carbon powder and nitrogen gas at 1500?°C. Carbothermal reduction followed by nitridation yielded SiC-BN nanocomposite powder composed of nanosized SiC and t-BN. By hot-pressing nanocomposite SiC-BN powders containing 7?wt% Al(2)O(3) and 2?wt% Y(2)O(3), machinable SiC/BN nanocomposites were obtained without a significant decrease in their fracture strength.     

微波烧结Al2O3/SiC纳米复合陶瓷的研究

以分析纯Al(NO3)3.9H2O·NH3.H2O和50 nm的SiC粉体为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备干凝胶,经热处理合成Al2O3/SiC纳米复合粉体。利用微波烧结制备Al2O3/SiC纳米复合陶瓷,并与常规烧结比较,分析了两种烧结方法对制备试样的力学性能影响。结果表明,与常规烧结相比,微波烧结可以提高Al2O3/SiC纳米复合陶瓷的强度和韧性,改善材料的显微结构,促进致密化和晶粒生长。     

Y-TZP/Al2O3复相陶瓷的液相烧结及显微结构

通过在Y-TZP／Al2O3复相陶瓷材料中加入一定的添加剂，可以使其在较低的温度下进行液相烧结，使材料的烧结温度大幅度降低．由于液相的存在，氧化锆晶粒较细，而氧化铝晶粒可以借助液相发育成长柱状，这种形状的晶粒有利于陶瓷材料的力学性能，复相材料仍然保持较高的强度和断裂韧性．     

Processing of Ceramic Based Nanocomposite Using α-Al2O3 Powder and FeCl2 Solution as Starting Materials

Alumina-iron nanocomposite powders were prepared by a two-step process. In the first step, α-Al2O3-FeCl2 powder mixture was formed by mixing α-Al2O3 powders with FeCl2 solution followed by drying. In the second step, the FeCl2 in the dry power mixture was selectively reduced to iron particles. A reduction temperature of 750℃ for 15 min in dry H2 was chosen based on the thermodynamic calculations. The concentration of iron in FeCl2 solution was calculated to be 20 vol. pct in the final composite. Two techniques were used to produce composite bulk materials. The Al2O3 nanocomposite powders were divided to two batches. The first batch of the produced mixture was hot pressed at 1400℃ and 27 MPa for 30 min in a graphite die. To study the effect of oxygen on the Al2O3/Fe interface bonding and mechanical properties of the composite, the second batch was heat treated in air at 700℃ for 20 min to partially oxidize the iron particles before hot pressing. Characterization of the composites was undertaken by conventional density measurements, X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and electron probe micro analysis （EPMA）. The suggested processing route （mixing, reduction and hot pressing） produces ceramic-metal nanocomposite much tougher than the pure Al2O3. The fracture strength of the produced Al2O3/Fe nanocomposite is nearly twice that of the pure Al2O3. The presence of spinel phase, FeAl204, as thick layer around the Fe particles in the Al2O3 matrix has a detrimental effect on interfacial bonding between Fe and AI203 and the fracture properties of the composite.     

热压与放电等离子体烧结两种工艺制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料

由机械合金化法(MA)制得纳米级Al₂O₃颗粒弥散镶嵌于微米级Cu颗粒表面的复合粉末, 利用球形化工艺改善所制得复合粉的形貌及粒度范围, 分别采用热压法(HP)和放电等离子体烧结(SPS)法制备Al₂O₃/Cu复合材料。通过测试密度、 电导率、 抗弯强度及SEM复合粉形貌和烧结体断口分析、 微区成分分析, 对比研究了Al₂O₃质量分数分别为0%、 0.5%、 1.0%、 1.5%时Al₂O₃/Cu复合材料的物理、 力学和电学性能。结果表明: 不同制备工艺下随着Al₂O₃含量增加, 材料的抗弯强度先增后降, 电导率除受杂质影响外, 还受材料缺陷的影响, 故变化规律不明显, 对于Al₂O₃含量相同的Al₂O₃/Cu复合材料, 采用SPS法制备的复合材料的致密度、 抗弯强度及电导率均高于HP法; 在弯曲应力下两种制备方法所得复合材料均发生延性断裂。      

Processing of Ceramic Based Nanocomposite Using α-Al2O3 Powder and FeCl2 Solution as Starting Materials

Alumina-iron nanocomposite powders were prepared by a two-step process. In the first step, α-Al2O3-FeCl2 powder mixture was formed by mixing α-Al2O3 powders with FeCl2 solution followed by drying. In the second step, the FeCl2 in the dry power mixture was selectively reduced to iron particles. A reduction temperature of 750℃ for 15 min in dry H2 was chosen based on the thermodynamic calculations. The concentration of iron in FeCl2 solution was calculated to be 20 vol. pct in the final composite. Two techniques were used to produce composite bulk materials. The Al2O3 nanocomposite powders were divided to two batches. The first batch of the produced mixture was hot pressed at 1400℃ and 27 MPa for 30 min in a graphite die. To study the effect of oxygen on the Al2O3/Fe interface bonding and mechanical properties of the composite,the second batch was heat treated in air at 700℃ for 20 min to partially oxidize the iron particles before hot pressing. Characterization of the composites was undertaken by conventional density measurements, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA). The suggested processing route (mixing, reduction and hot pressing)produces ceramic-metal nanocomposite much tougher than the pure Al2O3. The fracture strength of the produced Al2O3/Fe nanocomposite is nearly twice that of the pure Al2O3. The presence of spinel phase,FeAl2O4, as thick layer around the Fe particles in the Al2O3 matrix has a detrimental effect on interfacial bonding between Fe and Al2O3 and the fracture properties of the composite.     

Y2O3表面改性Al2O3P增强6061Al复合材料组织与性能

采用液相包裹法对Al₂O₃微粉进行稀土Y₂O₃表面改性,用挤压铸造法制备表面经稀土Y₂O₃改性的Al₂O_3P/6061Al复合材料,并对复合材料的显微组织及拉伸性能进行分析和研究。结果表明:表面经稀土Y₂O₃改性的Al₂O₃微粉能均匀的分布于基体中,界面润湿性得以改善,复合材料组织更加均匀。TEM观察表明:改性粉体在制备复合材料前后表面存在颗粒状包裹层。对其表面进行EDAX分析,结果显示含有Y,Al和O元素。粉体XRD图谱中有Y₂O₃衍射峰的存在。拉伸性能测试表明:改性粉体对Al合金增强效果明显增加,抗拉强度提高29.8％,屈服强度提高38.4％,延伸率提高10.3％。对拉伸断口进行SEM分析,改性后复合材料断口韧窝更加均匀、丰满,材料表现出良好的塑性。