以球形α-Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.2)(OH)_2制备锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_2

ＬｉＮｉ０．８Ｃｏ０．２Ｏ２是很有希望取代ＬｉＣｏＯ２的新一代锤离子电池正极材料．采用控制结晶法合成球形 α－Ｎｉ０．８Ｃｏ０．２（ＯＨ）２为前驱体,与 ＬｉＯＨ·Ｈ２Ｏ混合,在７００℃通Ｏ２热处理４ｈ合成锂离子电池正极材料ＬｉＮｉ０．８Ｃｏ０２Ｏ２粉末．Ｘ光衍射分析表明合成的ＬｉＮｉ０．８Ｃｏ０．２Ｏ２粉末结晶良好,具有规整的α－ＮａＦｅＯ２层状结构．扫描电镜分析表明粉末颗粒呈球形,粒径约８μｍ．粉末的流动性好,堆积密度高．充放电测试表明,合成的 ＬｉＮｉ０．８Ｃｏ０．２Ｏ２正极材料具有优良的电化学性能：首次充电比容量为１９７ｍＡｈ·ｇ－１,放电比容量为１７４ｍＡｈ·ｇ－１,１０次充放电循环后保持初始放电比容量的９６．６％．     

以Mn_3O_4为前驱体的LiMn_2O_4及其电化学性能

对传统的固相反应进行了改进,以控制结晶法合成出来的Ｍｎ３Ｏ４为前驱体,和ＬｉＯＨ混合煅烧,制备出锂离子电池正极活性材料尖晶石ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４。对由此方法得到的尖晶石ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４的结构和电化学性能进行了研究．通过Ｘ光衍射和扫描电镜分析表明,该材料为纯相尖晶石ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４,不含其它杂质相,而且晶粒大小比较均匀;通过电化学性能测试表明,该尖晶石ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４具有良好的电化学性能：其首次放电比容量为１２８ｍＡｈ／ｇ,经过１０次充放电循环后,其放电比容量仍有 １２４ｍＡｈ／ｇ．     

锂离子电池正极材料LiMn_2O_4制备新工艺

采用球磨湿混和旋转合成相结合的新工艺来制备锂离子电池正极材料ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４,并对制备的材料进行了粒度、化学成分以及电化学性能测试．制备的ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４为正尖晶石结构,而且物质纯净．同一批次制备的材料化学成分均匀,粉末粒度分布范围窄,中粒径为１０．６７μｍ,首次充电容量为１２４ｍＡｈ／ｇ,放电容量为１１５ｍＡｈ／ｇ．循环次数达３０次时,放电容量还大于１００ｍＡｈ／ｇ,循环稳定性良好．球磨湿混工艺能将原料混合均匀,并能有效地使原料粒度细化而且粒度均匀．旋转合成工艺能使反应物和反应产物的温度均匀、粒度均匀、晶型结构与成分均匀．球磨湿混和旋转合成相结合的固相合成新工艺能制备出电化学性能性能良好的ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４     

锂离子电池正极材料LiV3O8的低温合成研究

以ＬｉＮＯ_３和ＮＨ_４ＶＯ_３为原料,通过溶胶－凝胶法制备了层状锂钒氧化物ＬｉＶ_３Ｏ_８锂离子电池正极材料,通过ＴＧ－ＤＴＧ、ＸＲＤ等考察了合成条件对产物首次放电比容量的影响．实验结果表明,在４５０℃左右热分解２０ｈ可得到单一相产物ＬｉＶ_３Ｏ_８,其层状结构较为完整,电化学性能好,首次放电比容量可达３５０ｍＡｈ·ｇ－１,作为高能锂离子电池正极材料较为理想．     

溶胶—凝胶—酯化法制备LiMn2O4超细粉及其电化学性质的研究

溶胶－凝胶－酯化方法是通过金属离子与多元有机酯的均一的螯合物。在较低的温度（〈２５０℃）下形成尖晶石型ＬｉＭＮ２Ｏ４正极材料。雇轩的ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４具有很好的电化学活性。Ｌｉ＝ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４二次电池首次充放电容量超过１３０ｍＡｈ／ｇ,循环１０次以后容量仍然保持在１２０ｍＡｈ／ｇ的较高水平。     

纳米级LiMn2O4尖晶石合成及电化学性能研究

以Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３和Ｍｎ（ＮＯ３）２为原料,以聚丙烯酰胺为高分子网络剂制得前驱体后,用微波加热技术敢纳米晶尖晶石ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４粉体后,通过循环伏安及充放电技术对其进行电化学性能测试表明,该材料的电化学比容量为１２０ｍＡｈ／ｇ,循环５０次后衰减率为４．７％;通过ＳＥＭ及ＸＲＤ分析蓁同观形貌表明,材料不仅相纯度高,粒度返于纳米级,有利于Ｌｉ＾＋的嵌入／脱嵌,本文所的微波－高分子网络技术不仅惧有优良性能的锂     

纳米级LiMn2O4尖晶石合成及电化学性能研究

以Ｌｉ_２ＣＯ_３和Ｍｎ（ＮＯ_３）_２为原料,以聚丙烯酰胺为高分子网络剂制得前驱体后,用微波加热技术合成了纳米晶尖晶石ＬｉＭｎ_２Ｏ_４粉体,通过循环伏安及充放电技术对其进行电化学性能测试表明,该材料的电化学比容量为 １２０ｍＡｈ／ｇ;循环 ５０次后衰减率为 ４．７％;通过 ＳＥＭ及ＸＲＤ分析其微观形貌表明,该材料不仅相纯度高,而且颗粒粒度近于纳米级,有利于Ｌｉ^＋的嵌入／脱嵌．本文所提供的微波一高分子网络技术不仅为合成具有优良性能的锂锰尖晶石氧化物材料提供了一个新方法,而且为合成其他类型高性能氧化物陶瓷材料提供了一条新思路．     

新型嵌锂材料——锌锑合金

阐述了新型嵌锂材料锌锑合金的嵌锂特性及其嵌锂机理。将Ｚｎ４ Ｓｂ３ 球磨后得到ＺｎＳｂ 与ＺｎＯ复合相。用此复合相单独作电极得到２７２ｍ Ａｈ／ｇ 的容量,加入铜粉后可得到４６２ｍ Ａｈ／ｇ 的容量,可逆性提高。加入Ｌｉ２Ｏ不能提高可逆性。     

在Ag基体上用MOCVD法连续制备YBCO超导带

用ＭＯＣＶＤ法在Ａｇ基体上以－１５ｃｍ／ｈ的带速连续制备ＹＢＣＯ超导带，在８００－８５０℃之间沉积的样品均呈强裂ｃ－轴取向；而在７５０－８００℃间，ｃ－轴取向明显减弱，前者为不规则排列的大片状晶结构，而后者为不规则排列的小棒状晶和发育不育的片状晶，或者为小粒状晶集，所制亲品的Ｊｃ（７８Ｋ，ｏ）一般在０．５－１×１０＾４Ａ／ｃｍ＾２之间，最好的达到１．４×１０＾４Ａ／ｃｍ＾２。     

锂掺杂MoO3薄膜的制备及电色性能的研究

采用过氧化氢溶胶－凝胶法成功地在室温下制备了纯的ＭｏＯ３和锂掺杂的ＭｏＯ３薄膜,通过ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ热分析、ＦＴＩＲ红外光谱分析、循环伏安和光学特性的测试,研究了薄膜成膜过程中的结构墨迹过程和薄膜的电化学性能及电变色性能,结果表明通过Ｌｉ＾＋掺杂,ＭｏＯ３溶胶的稳定性和ＭｏＯ３薄膜的电化学循环稳定性都有了较大的提高,且掺杂锂的ＭｏＯ３薄膜仍具有良好的变色性能。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.