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蜂窝夹芯结构常见缺陷有蒙皮与蜂窝芯脱粘、蜂窝芯变形、蜂窝芯节点开裂和蜂窝积水等,目前单一的无损检测方法还不能有效地解决蜂窝夹芯结构中的各种缺陷检测问题。针对铝蜂窝夹芯结构,首先制作了6种典型人工缺陷,利用射线DR(Digital Radiography)和计算机射线照相(Computed Radiography,CR)技术对夹杂、蜂窝芯变形、蜂窝芯格断裂、富胶等缺陷进行了数字射线成像检测,得到了高质量的缺陷数字检测图像,并进行了对比分析。针对蜂窝积水检测问题,采用射线DR技术进行了数字成像检测研究,表明积水量大小会影响图像灰度。对含有人工脱粘缺陷的铝蜂窝夹芯结构件,采用脉冲反射法对其粘接质量进行了超声C扫描成像检测研究,通过底波幅值成像得到了脱粘缺陷的超声C扫描数字图像。结果表明:数字射线成像和超声C扫描成像结合为蜂窝夹芯结构提供了一种数字化的无损检测方法。 相似文献
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从数字图像概念、图像数字化过程、数字图像质量、数字射线检测技术控制,给出了数字射线检测技术初步的基本理论,并简要评述了数字射线检测技术与胶片射线照相检验技术的等价性问题。 相似文献
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从数字图像概念、图像数字化过程、数字图像质量、数字射线检测技术控制,给出了数字射线检测技术初步的基本理论,并简要评述了数字射线检测技术与胶片射线照相检验技术的等价性问题. 相似文献
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针对大部分X射线数字图像低对比度、背景起伏大以及纹理复杂的问题,在X射线数字焊缝图像预处理之后,采用B样条曲线对列灰度曲线进行拟合,获得光滑而且顺畅的曲线.在此基础上进一步提取曲线的极值点,并通过定义的波动阈值以及边界阈值进行两次极值点集合的修正.最后利用数学形态学及中值滤波对缺陷的形状和大小进行了修正.结果表明,该技术有效地解决了X射线图像由于焊缝纹理复杂导致缺陷提取困难的问题,有利于实现X射线图像焊接缺陷的自动提取. 相似文献
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数字图像其实就是一组计算机采集和储存的二进制数据。应用数字成像有诸多优点:①能大大缩短曝光时间。②能将图像处理用于分析和评定检测结果。③能大大减少数据储存体积,改善存档质量。在数字射线照相中,组成图像的信息可由传感器直接捕获,也可通过光致发光体(磷光体)或扫描普通胶片间接获取。图像分析模式的误区和制约可能来自探测器类型及处理方式。数字图像的三项基本特征是:空间分辨率、对比灵敏度和信噪比。 相似文献
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Hidden defect characterisation in some complex structures is difficult. Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) imaging based on rectangular excitation coil is investigated in this paper and hidden defect nondestructive testing and evaluation (detection, classification, and quantification) is carried out based on the various C-scan images. Experimental results have illustrated that hidden defects can be identified effectively by particular character in C-scan imaging results and sub-surface defects can be discriminated to correct class by selecting the rising time from response in time domain. The quantification information of hidden defects is preliminarily obtained based on the contour and 3D images. In addition, PEC imaging and frequency spectrum analysis are effective to detect, classify, and evaluate the sub-surface defects under the influence of edge effect of specimen. To sum up, PEC imaging is an effective approach to characterise hidden defects and sub-surface defects. 相似文献
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缩松和夹渣缺陷是铸件的常见缺陷,这类缺陷非均匀地分布在铸件基体中,割裂了材料的连续性,在零件服役过程中极易引起应力集中而导致零件失效,因此综合考虑非均质性特征对材料力学性能的影响具有重要意义。本文基于平板铸钢件浇铸实验,采用连续切片法获得铸件整体切片序列影像,并基于数字图像处理构建了内含缺陷的三维空间点阵,进一步采用空间点阵映射算法建立非均质材料有限元模型,在此基础上进行了均质与非均质试样模型的拉伸过程模拟研究。结果表明,采用非均质模型能更为准确地表达试样的力学性能。 相似文献
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针对焊接过程产生的缺陷,提出一种磁光成像传感的模糊灰度变换和滤波反投影(FGT-FBP)重构检测方法. 研究焊接缺陷的几何特征,通过分析裂纹和未熔合两种不同焊接缺陷在交变磁场励磁下的磁光成像特征,设计模糊规则,对磁光图像进行模糊灰度变换. 增强磁光图像对比度,使焊接缺陷形态趋势可视化,实现描述磁光成像焊接缺陷细节的无参考型图像评估方法. 对FGT处理的焊接缺陷磁光图进行旋转投影,并经过快速傅里叶变换和改进的滤波器进行滤波去噪,消除伪影后进行反投影变换实现焊接缺陷图像的重构. 利用滤波反投影重构算法进行去噪,可有效突出焊接缺陷特征. 最后结合阈值分割和边缘检测实现焊接缺陷检测. 结果表明,该方法能较准确检测裂纹和未熔合两种焊接缺陷. 相似文献
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This study introduces dynamic displacement vision system (DDVS), which is applicable for imaging unapproachable structures using a hand-held digital video camcorder and is more economical than the existing contact and contactless measurement methods of dynamic displacement and deformation. This proposed DDVS method is applied to the Region of Interest (ROI) resizing and coefficient updating at each time step to improve the accuracy of the measurement from the digital image. Thus, after evaluating the algorithms conducted in this study by the static and dynamic verification, the measurement's usability by calculating the dynamic displacement of the masonry specimen, and the two-story steel frame specimen is evaluated under uniaxial seismic loading. The algorithm of the proposed method in this study, despite the relatively low resolution during frozen, slow, and seismic motions, has precision and usability that can replace the existing displacement transducer. Moreover, the method can be effectively applied to even fast behavior for multi-measurement positions like the seismic simulation test using large scale specimen. DDVS, using the consecutive images of the structures with an economic, hand-held digital video camcorder is a more economical displacement sensing concept than the existing contact and contactless measurement methods. 相似文献
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