一种中草药组方保健食品润肠通便功能的研究

目的:研究一种中草药组方保健食品对便秘模型小鼠的润肠通便作用。方法:采用复方地芬诺酯建立小鼠便秘模型,通过小鼠小肠推进实验和排便实验,检测该中草药组方对小鼠小肠墨汁推进率、排首粒黑便时间、6 h内排黑便粒数及排便质量的影响。结果:与便秘模型组相比,该中草药组方保健食品能促进小肠运动,明显减少排便时间,增加6 h内粪便粒数和粪便质量。结论:该中草药组方保健食品具有良好的润肠通便作用。     

一种中草药组方保健食品润肠通便功能的研究

随着社会经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高,原有的饮食习惯逐步发生改变,便秘这一影响现代人生活质量的常见疾病越来越受到重视,因此寻找安全有效的润肠通便产品显得十分重要。本文研究一种中草药组方保健食品的润肠通便功能。采用复方地芬诺酯建立小鼠便秘模型,通过小鼠小肠推进实验和排便实验,检测小鼠的首次排便时间、5h内排便粒数、排便重量、小肠墨汁推进率,以及对小鼠结肠P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)和小鼠突触素(SY)的影响。研究发现:与便秘模型组相比,中草药组分保健食品各剂量组都能缩短复方地芬诺酯小鼠的排便时间,增加5小时小鼠排出的粪便粒数和重量,提高复方地芬诺酯小鼠的墨汁推进率,促进小鼠的肠胃蠕动,提高小鼠的SP值,降低VIP值。结果表明,研究的中草药组方保健食品具有较好的润肠通便作用。     

低聚半乳糖润肠通便功能的研究

目的:研究低聚半乳糖的润肠通便作用。方法:依据《保健食品检验与评价技术规范-2003版》“通便作用检验方法”,将动物随机分为模型对照组、阴性对照组、低、中、高剂量组5组,经口给予不同剂量的低聚半乳糖10天后,测定小肠墨汁推进率及首次排黑便时间,6h排便粒数和排便总重量。结果:在便秘模型成立的条件下:三个剂量组与模型对照组相比,动物墨汁推进率、6h排便粒数、6h排便总重量高于模型对照组,首次排黑便时间低于模型对照组,差异均有非常显著性(P<0·01)。动物实验表明低聚半乳糖具有通便功能。     

低聚木糖润肠通便及调节肠道菌群功能的研究

参照保健食品检验与技术评价规范(2003版)中关于通便功能及调节肠道菌群功能的评价方法,对小鼠摄入低聚木糖后的小肠推进率、首粒黑便时间、排黑便粒数及重量进行测定,评价低聚木糖对小鼠的排便及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明低聚木糖剂量组的小鼠小肠推进率均与模型对照组小鼠无显著性差异(p0.05);排便实验中低聚木糖1.0、2.0g/kg剂量组小鼠首粒黑便时间、5h排便粒数及5h排便质量均与模型对照组具有显著性差异(p0.05)。低聚木糖干预后,小鼠肠道内双歧杆菌及乳杆菌数量较干预前显著增加(p0.05),并与对照组形成显著性差异(p0.05)。本研究验证了低聚木糖具有润肠通便和调节肠道菌群的功效。     

柑橘橘络提取物通便作用的实验研究

目的:研究富含柑橘多糖和黄酮的橘络提取物的润肠通便作用。方法:依据《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》(2003版)"通便作用检验方法",将小鼠随机分为模型对照组、阴性对照组和三剂量实验组(低、中、高剂量组),经口给予柑橘橘络提取物1w后,通过测定小肠墨汁推进率、首粒便排出时间和6h内排便粒数及重量,判断柑橘橘络提取物对小鼠肠道蠕动和排便功能的影响。结果:与模型对照组相比,低剂量和中剂量组提高小肠墨汁推进率分别为65.29%和62.90%;3个剂量组的小鼠排首粒便时间显著低于模型对照组,6h内排便数及重量明显增多。结论:柑橘橘络提取物具有良好的促进肠道蠕动功能和排便的作用,其中中剂量组效果较好。     

肉苁蓉膳食纤维润肠通便功能研究

目的研究肉苁蓉膳食纤维的润肠通便功能,为开发利用肉苁蓉膳食纤维提供科学依据。方法依据国标方法对制得的肉苁蓉膳食纤维进行主要成分分析,将实验小鼠随机分为5组,包括正常对照组、便秘模型组和肉苁蓉膳食纤维低、中、高剂量组。以复方地芬诺酯建立便秘模型,通过测定小鼠的小肠活性炭推进率、首粒黑便的排出时间及其之后6 h内的排便粒数,评价肉苁蓉膳食纤维对小鼠润肠通便功能的影响。结果本研究制得的肉苁蓉膳食纤维中含有88.12%的可溶性膳食纤维。在连续灌胃14天后,肉苁蓉膳食纤维各剂量组小鼠的小肠活性炭推进率均高于便秘模型组,其中,中、高剂量组与便秘模型组间有显著性差异(P0.05);与模型组相比,肉苁蓉膳食纤维各剂量组小鼠的首粒黑便排出时间均有所缩短,6 h排便粒数均有所增加,其中,高剂量组小鼠的首粒黑便排出时间和6 h排便粒数与模型组相比具有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论肉苁蓉膳食纤维具有良好的润肠通便功能。     

魔芋葡苷聚糖-水苏糖复合肠道制剂研究

研究了魔芋葡苷聚糖-水苏糖复合肠道制剂的润肠通便功能。采用动物试验,将小白鼠分成2批,第1批进行复合制剂剂量选择试验;第2批进行复合制剂比例选择试验.通过对正常对照组、便秘模型组及不同处理组小鼠6h内排便重量及粒数、首粒黑便时间和肠道推进率的影响来观察该复合制剂的润肠通便作用.结果表明:魔芋葡苷聚糖-水苏糖复合肠道制剂具有润肠通便功能,以2:1复合比例,剂量0.7 g/kg·bw效果最好。     

贵州泡菜中润肠通便功能乳酸菌的筛选及其特性研究

该研究从贵州泡菜中分离鉴定乳酸菌,并筛选具有润肠通便功能的乳酸菌,对其耐受性和黏附性进行评价。美国癌症研究所（ICR）小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性药物对照组（麻仁丸）、乳酸菌组,使用复方地芬诺酯建立小鼠便秘模型。结果显示,从贵州泡菜中分离鉴定出1株产酸能力强的乳酸菌GZ15,被鉴定为干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）。通过润肠通便功能动物筛选试验,发现菌株GZ15给药7 d后,便秘小鼠首次排便时间最短,6 h排便粒数、质量和小肠墨汁推进率最高,具有良好的润肠通便功能。菌株GZ15具有良好的酸、胆盐耐受性,且平均每个细胞可以黏附（4.68±0.59）个肠道上皮细胞。结果表明,干酪乳杆菌GZ15具有良好的润肠通便功能,且菌株特性优良,能顺利到达肠道,并黏附于肠道上皮细胞,发挥益生功效。     

黑蒜对便秘模型小鼠的润肠通便功能

目的：研究黑蒜对便秘模型小鼠的润肠通便功能的影响。方法：将昆明小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性组和低、中、高3个剂量的给药组。灌胃7 d后,通过对小鼠小肠推进功能和排便功能的研究,得到黑蒜对便秘模型小鼠的小肠推进率、首次排便时间、6 h内排便粒数、粪便总质量及粪便性状的影响。结果：研究发现3个剂量组与模型组和阳性组比较,各指标都有显著性差异,表明黑蒜能明显提高便秘模型小鼠的小肠内容物推进率,缩短首次排黑便时间,增加6 h内排黑便粒数、质量及提高粪便含水量。结论：黑蒜对便秘模型小鼠具有良好的润肠通便作用。     

复方海带代餐粉润肠通便作用研究

目的 对富含膳食纤维和不饱和脂肪酸的复方海带代餐粉进行润肠通便作用研究。方法 采用盐酸洛哌丁胺构建便秘小鼠模型,将100只昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为两大组,分别进行小肠运动实验和排便实验,每组再分别随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组和复方海带粉高、中、低剂量组：6.58 g/kg、3.29 g/kg、1.65 g/kg（分别相当于人体推荐量的10倍、5倍、2.5倍）,干预14 d后,通过检测小鼠小肠墨汁推进率、首粒排黑便时间、6 h内排便粒数和重量,并计算粪便含水量,分析其对小鼠润肠通便功能的影响。结果 在便秘模型构建成功的基础上,中、高剂量的复方海带粉能极显著提高便秘小鼠的小肠墨汁推进率,缩短首粒排黑便时间、增加6 h内排便粒数和质量,提高粪便含水量（P < 0.01）,以高剂量效果最佳。结论 该复方海带代餐粉能促进便秘小鼠的小肠运动,改善便秘,具有良好的润肠通便作用。     

ZDPM型液压盘磨机中浓打浆生产应用：草浆,废纸浆浓打浆的使用效果 …

从打浆后成浆质量、纸产品性能、打浆能耗等方面探讨了草浆、废纸浆中浓打浆的生产使用效果 ;在中浓打浆机理方面提出了“内摩擦效应” ,丰富了打浆理论 ,阐述了中浓打浆具有优越性的原因。     

废报纸酶法脱墨和纤维性能的改善

利用不同酶活性组分的纤维素酶对废报纸的酶法脱墨和纤维性能改善进行了研究。研究表明,纤维素内切酶是酶法脱墨的主要有效成分,而内切酶和外切酶的协同作用会进一步促进脱墨浆白度及滤水性能的改善;ＦＰＡ活性的存在对纸浆强度产生不利的影响,而纤维纱酶中木聚糖酶的存在对酶法脱墨和滤尿性能的改善是微弱的。和化学脱墨浆相比,酶法脱墨浆具有更高的白度、相似的裂工和稍低的撕裂强度,且酶法脱墨废水的污染负荷更低。     

引种四川桤木木材化学组分的分析与评价

首次报道了四川桤木５、８和１１２年生３种树龄木材的化学组分测定结果。与其它制浆阔叶木的比较表明,虽然四川桤木的木素含量略高,但木材密度适中,灰分含量中等,各种抽出物含量较低,纤维素含量较高,是优良的纸浆纤维用材。研究发现,木材密度、灰分和热水、苯醇同物含量在个体间差异很大,而其它组分在个体间较为均一。树龄与木材密度和灰分含量的关系不大,而对其它组分影响显著,年幼树木的木材抽出物和戊聚糖含量高,而木     

CTMP、APMP木浆废水鱼类急性毒性研究

通过用多种速生材、多种工艺高得率浆废水进行鱼类急性毒性实验,评估了ＣＴＭＰ和ＡＰＭＰ高得率浆废水对水环境的影响,给出了种种高得率浆废水的安全排放浓度,为高得率制浆废水排放标准的制定提供了依据。     

氧化应激在糖代谢紊乱中的作用

为探讨氧化应激和糖尿病发生／发展的相互关系,由四氧嘧啶诱导建立糖尿病大鼠模型,进行抗氧化干预。动物经此化学诱导剂处理后,血糖／血脂和硫代巴比妥酸反应产物升高,ＳＯＤ降低,再经抗氧化干预,即可发生逆转恢复。试验结果表明糖／脂代谢调节和氧化应激密切相关。     

首套出口印尼大型碱炉燃烧工段的设计及运行

由武汉锅炉厂成套供货 ,轻工业北京设计院承担工程设计的首套出口印尼IKPP公司 5号大型碱回收炉燃烧工段 ,至今已正常运行 6年多。 5号碱炉为单汽包低臭炉型 ,炉顶高 50m、上汽包中心标高 44 50m ,炉膛截面 81 60mm× 792 0mm ,熔炉区水冷壁采用复合钢管。碱炉处理黑液固形物能力为 1 0 0 0t/d ,汽压6 7MPa,汽温 455℃ ,蒸发量 1 62t/h ,入炉黑液浓度 68%～ 70 % ;烟气净化配置两列流通面积为 96m2 静电除尘器 ,每列 3个电场 ,除尘效率为 99%。     

阿芦宝C片润肠通便作用动物研究

为研究阿芦宝Ｃ片的润肠通便作用,进行了动物研究。结果表明与阴性对照组相比,阿芦宝Ｃ片剂量为０．９、１．８ｇ／ｋｇＢＷ时,对小鼠小肠蠕动有显促进作用（Ｐ〈０．０５）,并能显缩小鼠排便时间和增加粪便中的水分含量（Ｐ〈０．０５）;其剂量为１．８ｇ／ｋｇＢＷ时,能显增加小鼠排便粒数及粪便干、湿重（Ｐ〈０．０５）;阿芦宝Ｃ片０．２、０．４、０．８ｍｇ／ｍＬ３个浓度剂量能显地增强家兔十二指肠和空肠自发     

Critical assessment of the epidemiological data concerning the impact of antioxidant nutrients on cancer and cardiovascular disease

Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that high intakes of foods rich in beta carotene, as well as those rich in vitamin E or vitamin C, reduce the risk of some but not all cancers and cardiovascular disease. It is difficult to determine whether these antioxidant nutrients per se are the sole protective agents or whether other factors associated with foods containing them contribute to the foods’ protective effects.

With respect to vitamin E, a number of studies where dietary and supplementary vitamin E were clearly differentiated, a reduced risk of certain cancers or cardiovascular disease from supplemental vitamin E but not from dietary vitamin E was demonstrated. This provides strong presumptive evidence that high intakes of vitamin E per se provide a health benefit.

Only a few intervention studies with specific nutrients are available and results are inconsistent.     

Clinical and Vitamin Response to a Short‐Term Multi‐Micronutrient Intervention in Brazilian Children and Teens: From Population Data to Interindividual Responses

Scope

Micronutrients are in small amounts in foods, act in concert, and require variable amounts of time to see changes in health and risk for disease. These first principles are incorporated into an intervention study designed to develop new experimental strategies for setting target recommendations for food bioactives for populations and individuals.

Methods and results

A 6‐week multivitamin/mineral intervention is conducted in 9–13 year olds. Participants (136) are (i) their own control (n‐of‐1); (ii) monitored for compliance; (iii) measured for 36 circulating vitamin forms, 30 clinical, anthropometric, and food intake parameters at baseline, post intervention, and following a 6‐week washout; and (iv) had their ancestry accounted for as modifier of vitamin baseline or response. The same intervention is repeated the following year (135 participants). Most vitamins respond positively and many clinical parameters change in directions consistent with improved metabolic health to the intervention. Baseline levels of any metabolite predict its own response to the intervention. Elastic net penalized regression models are identified, and significantly predict response to intervention on the basis of multiple vitamin/clinical baseline measures.

Conclusions

The study design, computational methods, and results are a step toward developing recommendations for optimizing vitamin levels and health parameters for individuals.

     

Evaluation of methods of analysis for dietary fibre using real foods and model foods

Rationale and objectives

There are several rational and empirical methods for the measurement of dietary fibre and its components. A selection of these methods were evaluated by investigation of a range of real foods and model foods with added resistant starch (RS), non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and resistant oligosaccharide (RO) ingredients.

Methods

A range of rational methods were applied in determining specific carbohydrate constituents: RS, NSP and RO, including fructans. For comparison, empirical methods AOAC 991.43 (2001.03) and AOAC 2009.01 were applied, based on determination of gravimetric residues for high molecular weight and size-exclusion HPLC analysis of the ethanol filtrate for low molecular weight components.

Results

In general there was agreement between different rational methods for the analysis of RS and fructans, though there were notable exceptions for some product types. Comparison of methods for total RS and those that only measure the RS3 fraction, from retrograded starch, indicated that RS3 was the only type present for most processed products. This also explains the similar results obtained by AOAC 991.43 (2001.03) and AOAC 2009.01, though the latter is intended to recover other RS types as well. For many products there was agreement between results obtained by rational and empirical methods, though there were exceptions and the reasons for these are discussed.

Conclusion

Rational and empirical methods can both be used to determine dietary fibre in most situations. The information provided by rational methods is useful in identifying the specific carbohydrate constituents present in foods and can assist in determining whether added extracted and synthesised ingredients are ones that conform to the Codex and EU dietary fibre definition.