先进的聚丙烯纤维生产发展趋势

聚丙烯纤维以其优异的特性一直受到研究机构和产业的重视,近年来随着技术的不断发展,国内聚丙烯纤维越来越受到市场的青睐。本文简要综述了聚丙烯纤维的产业现状、聚丙烯纤维制备技术现状和趋势,分析了聚丙烯新原料、差别化聚丙烯纤维、功能性聚丙烯纤维的研发现状和趋势,并基于对服装、家用和工业用实际需求,展望了聚丙烯纤维研发趋势。     

聚丙烯纤维混凝土的性能及应用

分析了聚丙烯纤维对混凝土的作用机理,介绍了聚丙烯纤维混凝土的主要性能及国内外在工程中的应用概况,指出聚丙烯纤维混凝土的发展方向是聚丙烯纤维高性能混凝土。     

聚丙烯纤维改性新进展

阐述了聚丙烯纤维改性的新进展。介绍了新型多功能细旦聚丙烯纤维、高强高模聚丙烯纤维及新型茂金属催化聚丙烯的开发现状以及共混技术在聚丙烯纤维改性中的应用。     

纤维种类对砂浆圆环抗裂性能影响

采用圆环试验方法比较了2种聚丙烯纤维(聚丙烯纤维Ⅰ、聚丙烯纤维Ⅱ)和钢纤维对砂浆收缩开裂趋势的影响,并对纤维在砂浆中阻裂机理进行相关探讨。结果表明,钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维均能提升砂浆抗收缩开裂性能。总体而言,掺钢纤维砂浆抗裂性最优,掺聚丙烯纤维Ⅰ砂浆次之、掺聚丙烯纤维Ⅱ砂浆最差。     

聚丙烯纤维混凝土路面耐久性的试验研究

为了验证掺入聚丙烯纤维的方法提高混凝土路面耐久性指标的可行性,进行了聚丙烯纤维混凝土路面耐久性的室内试验研究,探讨了不同纤维体积掺量对混凝土路面抗冻性和抗裂性的影响。实验表明,聚丙烯纤维的加入显著改善了混凝土路面的抗冻性能,表现为聚丙烯纤维混凝土路面受冻后抗折强度和抗压强度的损失明显降低,而聚丙烯纤维的加入对混凝土路面干燥收缩的影响不大,聚丙烯纤维可以有效改善混凝土路用耐久性指标。     

聚丙烯纤维产品的新进展

间述聚丙烯纤维产品的新进展，介绍了近几年来新型超细聚丙烯短程纤维，高强高模量聚丙烯纤维及新型多聚丙烯纤维的开发与应用，预计了在２１世纪，聚丙烯纤维的应用会得到更大的发展。     

香味聚丙烯纤维的研制

研究了香味聚丙烯纤维的成形,并对添加香料的热性能,香料对聚丙烯流动性能的影响,以及香味聚丙烯纤维的纺丝进行了探讨。结果表明,复合香料加入聚丙烯后热分解速率降低,并增加了聚丙烯熔体的流动性能,在较低纺丝温度下具有较好的可纺性,纤维的力学性能比未加香料的聚丙烯纤维有所降低。     

改性聚丙烯纤维研究进展

聚丙烯纤维优异的耐酸碱腐蚀性和疏水性能,有望应用于海洋领域,但由于其自身力学性能较差、耐热性能不好限制了它的应用。针对这一问题综述了目前使用聚丙烯纤维的应用领域,分析了聚丙烯纤维国内外研究现状,同时也介绍了用石墨烯和高密度聚乙烯改性聚丙烯纤维能显著提高聚丙烯纤维力学及耐热性能,并指出用石墨烯及高密度聚乙烯改性的高强度聚丙烯合成纤维会在海洋等军事领域中发挥不可替代的作用,而改性聚丙烯纤维制得的合成纤维也会越来越受到人们的重视。     

聚丙烯在功能纤维领域中的发展

阐述了聚丙烯在功能纤维中的应用、功能纤维的分类及国内外功能性聚丙烯纤维的发展状况，具体介绍了几种典型的聚丙烯功能纤维，并对聚丙烯在功能纤维中的发展趋势进行了分析。     

混杂效应对混杂纤维混凝土力学性能的影响

讨论了玄武岩纤维与聚丙烯纤维的"纤维混杂效应"对混凝土基体力学性能的影响。结果表明,玄武岩-聚丙烯混杂纤维混凝土(B-P HFRC)的劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度明显高于玄武岩纤维混凝土(B FRC)和聚丙烯纤维混凝土(P FRC)。提出了"纤维混杂效应函数"的概念,利用MATLAB数据拟合的方法求得了玄武岩-聚丙烯纤维混杂效应函数,对其求极值获得了玄武岩-聚丙烯混杂纤维对混凝土力学性能改善最佳的体积掺加率。     

聚丙烯纤维市场前景广阔

聚丙烯纤维应用领域在不断扩大,由于它的价格优势,市场需求将越来越大,市场前景广阔。     

氯化聚丙烯及其应用进展

详细介绍了氯化聚丙烯的性能特征、用途及制备方法。我国在氯化聚丙烯的开发应用方面前景广阔。     

改性纳米二氧化钛接枝丙烯腈共混聚丙烯体系抗老化性研究进展

综述了纳米二氧化钛的改性方法,对聚丙烯抗老化体系的研究近几年来的新进展作出进一步的研究,对聚丙烯体系抗老化性的未来发展做出展望。     

The Dyeing of Unmodified Polypropylene with Disperse Dyes

The behaviour on unmodified polypropylene fibre and film of two commercial disperse dyes and Dimethyl Yellow has been examined. The results indicate that disperse dyes capable of dyeing polypropylene fibre have high diffusion coefficients and low saturation values. Linear adsorption isotherms were obtained with Dimethyl Yellow. The behaviour of polypropylene fibre towards disperse dyes in general is discussed.     

新型改性烟用聚丙烯纤维的结构与性能

本研究采用共混纺丝方法制成A_2、C_2、D_2三种改性烟用聚丙烯纤维.通过扫描电镜、液相色谱、纤维力学性能、滤棒物理性能和滤嘴烟气分析,说明改性烟用聚丙烯纤维具有类似二醋酯纤维的特殊形态结构,有很高的产棒量,滤嘴能明显降低烟气中总粒相物和焦油含量,A_2纤维对烟气还有很好的选择截滤性能,是一种理想的新型卷烟滤嘴材料.     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of high strength concrete containing polypropylene fibres exposed to temperatures up to 200 °C

High strength concrete has been used in situations where it may be exposed to elevated temperatures. Numerous authors have shown the significant contribution of polypropylene fibre to the spalling resistance of high strength concrete. This investigation develops some important data on the mechanical properties and microstructure of high strength concrete incorporating polypropylene fibre exposed to elevated temperature up to 200 °C. When polypropylene fibre high strength concrete is heated up to 170 °C, fibres readily melt and volatilise, creating additional porosity and small channels in the concrete. DSC and TG analysis showed the temperature ranges of the decomposition reactions in the high strength concrete. SEM analysis showed supplementary pores and small channels created in the concrete due to fibre melting. Mechanical tests showed small changes in compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and splitting tensile strength that could be due to polypropylene fibre melting.     

Wettability of Surface Oxyfluorinated Polypropylene Fibres and Its Effect on Interfacial Bonding with Cementitious Matrix

The surface of high molecular weight polypropylene monofilament fibre was modified using a oxyfluorination method. The oxyfluorination treatment level was varied and a hydrolysis post-treatment was also applied. Contact angles of oxyfluorinated, hydro-lyzed oxyfluorinated and unmodified polypropylene fibres were obtained by dynamic contact angle (DCA) measurement using three liquids of known dispersion, acid and base surface free energy components. The surface free energies were then calculated according to the acid-base theory developed by Good, van Oss and Chaudhury. Surface oxyfluorination largely increased the acid and base components of the fibres' surface free energy compared with unmodified polypropylene fibres. The oxyfluorinated and unmodified polypropylene fibre surfaces were observed by Scanning Electronic Microscopy and Photoacoustic Infrared Spectroscopy. It was found that the surface oxyfluorination largely increases the roughness of the polypropylene surfaces and the carbonyl group content increases as the treatment level increases. The interfacial shear bond strengths between the cementitious matrix and the polypropylene fibres treated under various conditions were determined by embedded fibre pull-out tests. Results showed that the fibre surface oxyfluorination treatments increase the interfacial bond strengths. The correlations between the shear bond strengths and surface free energy components were established. Results showed that fibre/concrete interfacial bonding was best correlated with the acid component of surface free energy of polypropylene fibres.     

Bonding of air-formed wood fibre/polypropylene fibre composites

The effectiveness of a maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as a coupling agent in wood fibre/polypropylene fibre composites made by non-woven web technology has been evaluated. The composite panels were made with 70 or 85% wood fibre, wiht the MAPP being incorporated in the panels at a level of 1 or 3% by spraying an emulsified form on the wood fibres. Both levels of MAPP significantly increased bending and tensile strength and moduli, and dynamic modulus. At the 70% wood fibre level, impact energy was increased significantly in panels with 3% MAPP. At the 85% wood fibre level, both 1% and 3% MAPP significantly increased impact energy. The MAPP also led to small improvements in water resistance for composites containing 85% wood fibre. The effectiveness of MAPP is believed to be the result of efficient incorporation at the wood/polypropylene interface, thus providing effective coupling of the polar wood component to the non-polar polymer matrix.     

Effect of Montmorillonite Clay Nanoparticles on the Properties of Polypropylene Fibres

Polypropylene and nanocomposite polypropylene fibres were successfully prepared via a melt spinning process. The prepared fibres were characterized by TGA and SEM. The results obtained show that the addition of MMT clay in the fibre induces a higher thermal stability. Water absorption and mechanical properties of the fibres were improved by the introduction of MMT clay nanoparticles in the fibre. Dyeing studies underlined the effect of the clay on the dyeability of the fibres which improved the accessibility of the fibre for both acid and disperse dyes. Moreover, it was observed, that polypropylene and nanocomposites polypropylene fibres were satisfactorily dyed with disperse dyes more than with acid dyes.     

The coloration of polypropylene fibres with acid dyes

Modified polypropylene fibre has been prepared by incorporating a polymeric additive into the polypropylene, followed by melt spinning. Fibres with various additive concentrations were dyed with acid dyes, and the amount of dye adsorbed by the fibre was compared with the concentration of dye sites supplied to the fibre by the additive. A diffusion mechanism of dye molecules through interconnected additive particles to the fibre matrix is proposed. Colour yield was assessed by reflectance spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectroscopy. The latter was shown to be particularly suitable for measuring very dark colours. Photoacoustics can also used to detect ring dyeing of fibres at lower additive concentration.