基于混沌置乱的小波域数字音频水印算法

利用混沌动力学系统中logistic映射先对水印图像进行置乱预处理以增强其鲁棒性,在小波域中将原始音频信号按比例分段,此比例为原始音频信号低频部分与水印信号个数之比,然后将水印信号加入到音频信号的低频部分。用StirMark攻击后的实验结果表明,该算法对StirMark的部分攻击具有一定的鲁棒性。     

一种基于统计量化的抗几何攻击图像水印算法

依据图像受到几何攻击时亮度值统计特性不变原理提出了一种基于统计量化的抗几何攻击图像水印算法。用二值序列作为水印,水印嵌入时,首先选取一段亮度值范围,然后根据一定的步长将其划分为小区间,每一水印位对应一区间,最后对亮度值进行量化,使每个区间的像素都被量化到一个亮度值上。水印提取时,首先统计每个亮度值的像素个数,然后按照嵌入时的方法选取亮度范围并且划分区间,从每个区间提取一位水印信息。实验表明,这种方法对图像缩放、旋转和剪切等几何攻击有很强的鲁棒性,对中值滤波、噪声等常规攻击也具有较强鲁棒性。     

一种基于能量关系的鲁棒音频扩频水印算法

提出了一种在离散小波域中采用基于三段低频小波系数之间能量关系的音频水印算法,算法将音频四层小波变换的第四层低频小波系数分割成互不重叠的段,计算以及调整各段小波系数的能量,从而完成水印的嵌入;在隐藏水印信息的同时,嵌入同步信号,使得水印具有自同步的能力,采用扩频、纠错编码、冗余嵌入以及数据重组等技术来提高算法的鲁棒性,实验结果表明,算法在抵抗各种通用的音频攻击(如重采样、重量化、高斯噪声、MP3压缩等)和基于Stirmark Benchmark for Audio工具软件的常见攻击具有很好的性能.     

基于DWT-DFT和SVD域的盲水印算法

提出了一种基于离散小波变换、离散傅里叶变换和奇异值分解相结合的盲水印算法。该算法对原始图像进行一级离散小波变换后选择低频子带图像作分块离散傅里叶变换,然后对分块离散傅里叶变换的幅度谱进行奇异值分解,选择最大奇异值并采用量化嵌入方法实现水印的嵌入和盲提取。为了提高算法对旋转攻击的鲁棒性,采用基于Radon变换的检测算法对待检测图像进行旋转校正。实验结果表明,该算法对一些常规攻击和几何攻击都具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于AKAZE算子的抗翻拍自适应鲁棒性水印

针对现有抗翻拍攻击水印的鲁棒性不足以抵抗新型翻拍攻击且透明性不佳等问题,引入自适应思想,提出一种基于AKAZE算子的自适应水印算法。首先利用AKAZE算子定位出关键点,随后根据关键点间的距离与对图像边框的距离对关键点做初步的筛选,然后构建筛选后关键点邻域熵值、水印嵌入强度与嵌入前后的平均相似度三者之间的映射,构建完映射后可仅根据图像块的熵值自适应筛选关键点,并得到二次筛选后关键点邻域合适的嵌入率,最后在筛选后的关键点邻域中利用奇异值分解进行水印嵌入。实验结果表明,该水印算法在保持了良好的不可见性的同时具有极佳的鲁棒性,其性能较现有抗翻拍攻击水印算法有显著提高。     

一种基于DCT和DWT的数字图像水印算法

提出了一种数字水印算法,将DCT的能量压缩能力和DWT的多分辨率特性结合起来.该算法首先对二值水印图像进行置乱、降维、分段处理,然后分别按非均匀量化方法和图像标准差自适应法进行水印信患嵌入,最后.重构成隐蔽图像传输.实验证明,该算法具有较好的不可见性及对抗常见攻击的鲁棒性.     

基于新闻文本图像的鲁棒水印算法

在新闻文本图像中,现有的水印算法没有将表达文本部分的区域与其他背景区域进行区分,并且对二值水印图像嵌入时只在单通道嵌入导致鲁棒性不高。针对以上问题,提出基于新闻文本图像的鲁棒水印算法。首先将新闻文本图像进行大津阈值分割（OSTU）,将文本与背景区域区分开,选择文本区域进行嵌入加深对重要信息的版权保护;接着将文本图像Cr和Cb通道的文本区域进行离散小波变换（DWT）后,利用主成分分析（PCA）进行能量集中并计算各主成分贡献率,通过比较贡献率来选择嵌入的主成分;最后对主成分及水印图像进行奇异值分解（SVD）完成水印嵌入。经过实验表明,嵌入水印图像在面对滤波等大多数常规攻击的NC值都在0.99以上,表明该算法有较强的鲁棒性,同时该算法在嵌入水印后图像的PSNR均值为45.66 dB,保证了不可感知性。     

基于SIFT特征点匹配校正的抗几何攻击水印算法

嵌入水印的数字产品在传播过程中可能遭受到各种攻击,其中几何攻击破坏了水印和图像空间坐标的同步性,很容易使得水印算法失效。因此,抗几何攻击的水印算法成为了数字水印技术研究的热点和难点。本文利用图像尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征点所具有的旋转、缩放和平移不变性,提出了一种几何校正方法,该方法根据SIFT特征点的尺度特征和坐标关系实现带水印图像的几何校正。水印嵌入时首先对宿主图像Contourlet变换的低频子带进行分块奇异值分解,然后通过对各块奇异值向量的欧式范数的量化,改变所有奇异值实现水印信息的嵌入。水印提取时先对图像进行相应的几何校正,使得水印信息在受攻击后也能得到同步,从而提高了水印图像的抗攻击能力。仿真结果表明,该算法不可见性良好,水印容量较大,而且对于常规攻击和多种几何攻击都具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于矢量量化压缩编码的数字水印

提出一种基于矢量量化压缩编码(简称VQ编码)技术的水印策略,在对原图像进行VQ编码后,按码书中码字的相似程度对码字进行划分,根据待嵌入水印图像的大小产生一个随机序列作为密钥,然后根据密钥在压缩数据的特定位置嵌入水印。提出的水印策略,其主要特征在于水印既存在于原图像VQ编码后的压缩数据中,也存在于接收端VQ解码后的图像中。压缩后的数据在数据量上远小于原始数据,所以由它替代原图像携带水印,既节省存储空间,也减小了网络传输时间,特别适用于网络环境下的水印嵌入和提取。更重要的是,这种水印策略具有较好的鲁棒性,能够抵抗诸如裁剪、模糊、JPEG压缩等波形攻击和扭转几何攻击。     

一种基于小波域图像纹理特征的数字水印技术

提出一种基于小波域图像纹理特征的彩色图像盲水印算法。该算法根据。图像小波变换后小波系数的特点选择视觉重要系数，量化嵌入二值水印序列。利用人类视觉系统的纹理掩蔽特性和照度掩蔽特性自适应调整量化间距，以保证水印的透明性。算法实现了水印的盲检测。仿真实验的结果表明，算法对各种常用的水印攻击方法具有较好的鲁棒性。     

抗仿射变换的扩频图像水印算法

稳健性是数字水印算法的重要性能指标之一.本文提出了一个抗仿射变换攻击的图像水印盲检测算法.该算法从影响水印稳健性的因素-嵌入策略、水印结构和水印检测的同步三个方面(特别是水印检测同步)来提高水印的稳健性.有意义的水印经过直接序列扩频调制后与一个训练序列一起嵌入于图像DWT域的低频子带.在图像DFT域的中频我们嵌入一个匹配模板.检测时,先检测匹配模板,得到图像所受几何攻击的参数并作几何校正,然后在DWT域根据训练序列作平移同步后检测水印信息.应用所提出的算法,我们把一个由44个字符构成的水印(264 bits)嵌入到一幅512×512×8的图像中,实验结果表明所提出算法在隐藏数据量、对抗常规信号处理和线性几何变换的稳健性方面大大优于已报道的算法.     

DCT和DWT域音频水印幅值变化规律分析

 嵌入水印对音频信号波形的影响受到的关注不多.分析得出改变采样序列离散余弦变换(Discrete Cosine Transform,DCT)域某个交流系数时,逆DCT后幅值变化服从余弦曲线,改变离散小波变换(Discrete Wavelet Transform,DWT)域某个近似系数时,重构后采样序列幅值变化呈现为所选小波的尺度函数.并对在DWT-DCT混合域嵌入水印做了讨论.通过推导和实验,得到采样点的改变量与DCT域低频系数的改变量、DWT域近似系数的改变量及混合域低频系数的改变量成线性关系.所得结论有助于发现嵌入算法带给采样点序列的不连续变化而使含水印音频产生可听噪声,也有助于提高水印的嵌入效率.     

Semi-fragile watermarking for grayscale image authentication and tamper detection based on an adjusted expanded-bit multiscale quantization-based technique

In this work, a semi-fragile watermarking scheme, for grayscale image authentication and tamper detection, is proposed. The proposed watermarking scheme is based on implementing a modified DWT quantization-based algorithm by embedding a random watermark bit sequence into the DWT domain using an expanded-bit multiscale quantization-based technique with adjusted watermarked location. Here, the watermark bit is expanded into three similar bits and embedded in a multiscale fashion into the DWT low-frequency subbands of the 2nd DWT levels (LL2, LL_HL1 and LL_LH1). An adjustment of the quantized coefficients is provided based on modifying their values to fall in more secure locations within the quantization interval. Several designed criteria were used to judge the received image by classifying it into: authenticated, incidentally or maliciously attacked with high accuracy in detecting and classifying attacks. Experimental results have shown the suitability of the proposed approach for tamper detection and accurate authentication.     

Efficient video watermarking based on singular value decomposition in the discrete wavelet transform domain

This paper presents an efficient, robust, and imperceptible video watermarking technique based on singular value decomposition (SVD) performed in the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) domain. In the proposed DWT-based SVD video watermarking method, the video frames are transformed with the DWT using two resolution levels. The high frequency band HH and the middle frequency bands LH and HL are SVD transformed and the watermark is hidden in them. The proposed DWT-based SVD video watermarking method is characterized by two improvements: (1) a cascade of two powerful mathematical transforms; the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)-based SVD using additive method, and (2) an error correction code is applied and embeds the watermark with spatial and temporal redundancy. The aim of these improvements is to increase robustness against attacks based on video characteristics and the robustness against image processing attacks, realize high security level, protect the watermark against bit errors and obtain good perceptual quality. The proposed DWT-based SVD video watermarking method has been tested in the presence of video and image processing attacks and experimental results proved that the proposed DWT-based SVD video watermarking method survives attacks based on video characteristics and image processing techniques.     

基于混沌序列的DWT域图像水印算法

数字媒体版权保护已经变得十分迫切和必要,有效的盗版确认方法是实现版权保护的前提。本文提出一种基于混沌序列加密的频率域数字图像水印算法,先将二值图像水印信号采用混沌序列加密,然后再通过另外一个混沌序列控制水印嵌入在小波变换域系数中位置,实现小波系数中隐藏不可见水印的技术。实验结果表明,该项技术具有非常好的安全性;水印提取在DWT域中进行,不需要原始图像;该方法嵌入的水印不可见性好,对JPEG-2000压缩、图像剪切和图像加噪声攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

Secure watermarking scheme against watermark attacks in the encrypted domain

The homomorphic cryptosystems create a great opportunity for secure signal processing (SSP). Watermarking in the encrypted domain provides a promising solution to the security of watermarking. However, the robust performance of the watermarking scheme in the encrypted domain should be carefully considered. In this paper, we propose a robust watermarking scheme in the encrypted domain, which protects the original images from the third party embedders. The hybrid discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT) based method improves the robust performance of the encrypted domain watermarking scheme. The watermark extraction can be performed on both the plaintext and the encrypted domains. We also give an estimation of the expanding factor after watermark embedding in the encrypted domain. At last, we discuss the watermark attacks that are available in the encrypted domain. Taking Haar wavelet transform for example, we conduct the experiments on the visual quality and the robustness of our watermarking scheme, which demonstrate that the entire performance is satisfactory.     

一种DWT与DCT相结合的音频数字水印技术

提出了一种将离散小波变化与离散余弦变换相结合的音频数字水印技术。利用离散小波变换的多分辨率特性和离散余弦变换的能量压缩能力,通过修改变换域的低中频系数,把降维后的二值图像嵌入到原始数字音频信号中。该算法可同时应用两种变换,而且嵌入和提取水印的方法简单。实验结果表明该算法水印不易破坏,对数字音频信号的低通滤波、叠加噪声等攻击均具有很好的隐蔽性和稳健性。     

抗JPEG压缩攻击的DWT域图像量化水印算法

分析了DWT域系数对JPEG压缩的稳定性,在此基础提出了一种新的抗JPEG压缩攻击的DWT域图像量化水印算法。此算法在提取水印时无需原始图像。实验结果表明,该算法对嵌入的水印具有很好的透明性,对JPEG压缩攻击具有很强的鲁棒性,对其他常见的图像处理攻击,如亮度调整、对比度调整、加噪声、重采样、颜色抖动和平滑等,均具有很强的鲁棒性。     

Block-based SVD image watermarking in spatial and transform domains

The idea of this paper is to implement an efficient block-by-block singular value (SV) decomposition digital image watermarking algorithm, which is implemented in both the spatial and transforms domains. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT), the discrete cosine transform and the discrete Fourier transform are exploited for this purpose. The original image or one of its transforms is segmented into non-overlapping blocks, and consequently the image to be inserted as a watermark is embedded in the SVs of these blocks. Embedding the watermark on a block-by-block manner ensures security and robustness to attacks such like Gaussian noise, cropping and compression. The proposed algorithm can also be used for colour image watermarking. A comparison study between the proposed block-based watermarking algorithm and the method of Liu is performed for watermarking in all domains. Simulation results ensure that the proposed algorithm is more effective than the traditional method of Liu, especially when the watermarking is performed in the DWT domain.