基于RBF神经网络的转炉炼钢终点预报

转炉炼钢终点温度和成分是转炉炼钢的控制目标, 它与吹氧量、铁水加入量等多个变量之间存在着严重的非线性关系, 且无法在线连续测量。作者提出了基于ＲＢＦ 神经网络的转炉炼钢终点温度及碳含量预报模型, 并结合某钢铁企业一座１８０ｔ 转炉的实际数据进行模型验证研究。结果表明, 该方法收敛速度快, 预报精度高。     

响应面法优化电炉炼钢粉尘中Zn的选择性浸出

研究浸出参数对电炉炼钢粉尘灰中选择浸出性Zn的影响,以Zn和Fe的浸出率为响应变量,以硫酸浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间和液固比为独立变量,采用基于三水平Box?Behnken的响应面法对浸出参数进行优化。对试验结果进行ANOVA分析和验证。在硫酸浓度为2.35 mol/L,浸出温度为25℃,浸出时间为56.42 min,液固比为5的条件下,可得到Zn的最大浸出率为79.09%, Fe的最小浸出率为4.08%。通过ANOVA分析表明,对Zn和Fe浸出率影响最大的因素为硫酸浓度和浸出温度。基于响应面法的模型与试验数据具有很好的一致性,Zn和Fe浸出率的相关系数分别为0.98和0.97。     

天津钢铁有限公司炼钢厂VD炉蒸汽系统改造

针对天津钢铁有限公司炼钢厂转炉余热蒸汽没有充分利用,VD精炼炉又需要大量蒸汽问题,对炼钢厂供气系统进行了改造,将原有的转炉余热蒸汽系统与VD精炼炉供汽系统有机结合起来,改造后的VD精炼炉供汽基本上由转炉余热蒸汽提供,节约了大量能源。本次改造对其他钢厂也有借鉴作用。     

Phoenix-Lance steelmaking

Here is an interesting new steelmaking technique being developed in Germany for the production of open-hearth quality steels from high-phosphorus pig irons. It utilizes the classical basic-bessemer converter with top-blown oxygen, and has the advantages of early phosphorus removal and, consequently, less nitrogen pick-up in the final steel.     

The future refractories and steelmaking

Elements with oxides melting above 1800°C are evaluated for use as refractory materials in current and future iron- and steelmaking practice. The melting point, susceptibility to hydration in moist atmospheres, reducibility, toxicity, cost, and availability of the oxides are taken into consideration. Current trends in development of refractories are discussed.     

Emerging technologies for iron and steelmaking

The iron and steel industry has undergone a technological revolution in the last 40 years. In a relatively short time, the North American industry has observed the complete disappearance of basic open hearth processing, as well as the wide spread adoption of continuous casting and the near complete shift of long product production to the electric arc furnace sector. These and other developments have dramatically affected the way steel is made, the price, quality and range of products generated, and changed the basic structure of the industry. The same trends can be observed in other industrialized nations and are reflected in the global industry as well. Competitive forces and market globalization will continue to drive the development and adoption of new iron and steelmaking technologies well into the 21st century. Industry response to specific local and global technology drivers will likely result in both incremental improvements in existing technologies, and in major developments in several key areas including direct iron making and near net shape casting. Editor’s Note: A hypertext-enhanced version of this article can be found at www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/0110/Manning-0110.html.     

An oxygen steelmaking process

High carbon, low phosphorus steel can now be made from pig iron containing 0.7 pct P or more, in a commercial sized open hearth furnace. No external heat is required for refining, and steel produced is identical with basic open hearth steel.     

Belgium and its new steelmaking facilities

New sources of ore and technological developments, together with Belgium’s desire to maintain its position in steel, have resulted in plans for a new coastal works, the erection of a new plant near Liège, and the construction of a new LD shop by the largest producer.     

LD steelmaking in Japan

Although it is only one year since the LD process was first put into operation in Japan, four converters are already in operation, and by the end of 1962 the LD process will account for one quarter of Japan’s total ingot capacity.     

Observations on steelmaking research in the USSR

“Soviet engineers are on the trail of new ideas” … some of them are discussed in this article, based on a study of the steel plants and research institutes of the USSR.     

Powder-blowing techniques for electric steelmaking

After 10 years of experimental and practical applications of its powder-blowing techniques to steelmaking, IRSID has adapted these techniques to electric-furnace steelmaking for dephosphorization, desulfurization, and dissolution of various elements.