我国食品安全综合评价及食品安全指数研究

如何科学、客观评价食品安全状况,是食品安全监管的难题。长久以来,食品抽检合格率是评价食品安全状况的主要指标。由于我国食品安全监管对象复杂,监管体系薄弱,公众食品安全意识强烈,所以当前单一结果类指标的评价方法已不适合于我国的国情,而且相关各方对于食品合格率指标并不认可。本文在充分调研我国食品安全状况基本数据的基础上,初步建立了以食品消费安全状况、食品生产经营安全状况、食品安全监管状况3个维度为骨架的我国食品安全综合评价指标体系,开展实证研究。运用层次分析法对该体系进行量值归一、权重计算和累加,得到反映我国食品安全整体状况的食品安全指数。     

基于区间层次分析法的食品安全网络舆情预警评价

针对食品安全网络舆情预警评价问题的不确定性,提出了一种新的食品安全网络舆情预警评价方法。建立了多层次的食品安全网络舆情预警评价指标体系,提出了食品安全网络舆情预警等级和区间数等级,利用区间层次分析法确定了食品安全网络舆情预警评价指标的区间数权重。结合区间数理论构建了基于区间层次分析法的食品安全网络舆情预警评价模型。结合评价实例对某食品安全事件的网络舆情预警等级进行了评价,验证了该综合评价模型的合理性和有效性。     

食品安全综合评价指标体系构建与应用

目的：构建一套规范的食品安全综合评价指标体系。方法：从理论研究和实践探索两个层面梳理了国内外食品安全综合评价指标体系研究现状。结果：基于层次分析法和德尔菲法构建了一套涵盖6个准则、24项一级指标、41项二级指标的食品安全综合评价指标体系;应用该套指标结合相关统计数据对天津市各行政区食品安全状况开展实证分析。结论：该套指标能够有效评价各区食品安全状况,具备综合性、实操性、可比性等优势。     

地方政府食品安全监管考评指标赋分方法初探

研究探讨地方政府食品安全监管考评指标科学客观的赋分方法。方法 应用层次分析法,设计考核评价指标间重要性比较表格,由各级地方政府不同部门的食品安全监管人员和技术专家独立判断指标间重要程度,汇总分析并计算考核评价指标的权重比例和各考核指标的赋分。结果 ①完善体制机制、打击违法犯罪、督促企业落实主体责任、食品安全重点工作开展情况、食品安全事故处理、食品安全信息公布、食品安全宣传教育和有奖举办制度8个一级指标权重分别为21.3%、16.4%、14.7%、13.5%、13.2%、7.3%、7.1%、6.5%;②对每个二级指标也计算了权重比例,一级和二级指标共同确定了二级指标赋分;③层次分析法赋分与原方案赋分相比,总体基本一致,个别不同;④从食品安全监管的角度分析,体制机制、打击违法犯罪、落实企业主体责任是当前地方政府食品安全监管工作的重中之重。结论 使用层次分析法为群决策项目赋分更加科学客观,具可操作性。     

基于模糊综合评价方法的食品安全状态综合评价

食品安全状态综合评价的目的是根据各类食品的危害物检测数据,评估相应食品类别的安全状态,从而为食品安全管理部门提供决策辅助。本文提出了一种基于模糊评价理论的食品安全状态综合评价方法。在建立食品安全状态评价指标体系时,考虑了食品的多样性、危害物多样性和危害物毒性的差异。在评价风险指标计算中,根据各个危害物检测记录,用模糊数学方法计算对应类别危害物的风险指数,再综合出安全性的综合指数。最后,对一沿海城市进口食品检测数据进行了综合评价。     

食品安全国家标准质量评价研究

目的研究食品安全国家标准跟踪评价的方式,初步选择用于评价食品安全国家标准质量的指标。方法依托"食品安全国家标准跟踪评价及意见反馈平台",收集公众对完善食品安全国家标准的意见。筛选出意见内容中的高频词汇,并根据意见内容所涉及的问题将意见分类,反映各利益相关者在评价标准时的角度和关注点。依据意见对标准质量进行评价的不同角度,初步选择评价标准质量的指标。结果自2017年1~8月所收集的873条意见中提取高频词汇,分别为"检验/方法""指标/限量""标签/标示""范围/分类";意见内容可归纳为标准质量评价的4个方面,分别为标准的"必要性""科学性""可行性""协调性"。4个方面可进一步细化为15个二级评价指标。结论本研究通过分析总结标准的意见,初步提出一组评价食品安全标准质量的二级指标体系。研究表明食品安全国家标准质量的评价应着重关注标准立项/修订的必要性、标准文本的科学性、标准的可操作性以及标准与相关政策法规等的协调性。     

我国食品安全监管政策质性评价

目的整体解释和归纳一种可行的食品安全评价指标体系。方法基于Web of Science数据库收集的237篇原始文献,利用NVivo11. 0软件提取自由节点并提炼树状节点的方式构建基于指标的食品安全监管评价模型,并回归现实验证模型的逻辑性和可靠性。结果食品安全是政府、企业、社会等多元主体的共同责任。结论食品安全监管需要政府、食品企业、消费者、媒体、行业协会、私人检测机构等多元主体的良性互动。     

食品安全突发事件应急响应效果评估标准体系的建立:一项德尔菲共识研究

目的:为建立食品安全突发事件应急响应效果评估标准体系,并得到食品安全突发事件应对评价指数.方法:采用德尔菲专家评价法,确定评价体系的各项具体指标内容.应用四分位距与肯德尔一致性系数作为判断专家意见一致性的统计量.通过统计各专家对各指标的重要性评分,确认各指标的权重,得出食品安全突发事件应对评价指数的计算公式.结果:Ke...     

宁夏回族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会《宁夏食品安全标准跟踪评价规范(试行)》

正第一条:为规范我区食品安全标准跟踪评价工作,有效实施食品安全标准跟踪评价制度,根据《食品安全法》、《食品安全法实施条例》和《食品安全国家标准跟踪评价规范》等有关规定,制定本规范。第二条:食品安全标准跟踪评价,是对食品安全国家和地方标准执行情况进行调查,了解标准实施情况并进行分析和研究,提出标准实施和标准修订相关建议的过程。跟踪评价工作包括以下内容:(一)标准贯彻落实和执行情况;(二)推进标准实施的措施及成效;(三)标准指标或技术要求的科学性和实用性;(四)其他需要跟踪评价的     

食品微生物检测中的质量控制

食品安全是关系民生的重要问题,与人们的健康密切相关。微生物检验是影响食品安全的主要原因之一,也是食品安全国家标准中评价食品安全的关键性指标。本文阐述了食品安全问题的现状、研究背景及检测方法的应用,分析在食品安全检测中影响微生物检验质量的因素,提出食品微生物检测中的质量控制措施,为保证食品安全提供参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press