硅橡胶基磁流变弹性体制备及动态剪切性能研究

磁流变弹性体是一种新型的智能复合材料,其动态力学性能受磁场控制,可以应用于变刚度或避免共振的智能器件。在原有制备磁流变弹性体的基础上尝试采用不同的组份配比制备了以双组份室温硫化硅橡胶为基体的高性能磁流变弹性体。在0～700mT磁感应强度范围内,使用动态信号测试分析仪来测试分析所制样品的磁致动态频响函数。结果表明,在700mT磁感应强度下及羰基铁粉质量分数为75%时,所制备的磁流变弹性体的共振频率相对变化率可达到30%,具有较好的频率可控特性,同时,其动态剪切模量最大相对变化率可以达到67%,达到了磁场控制剪切模量的目的。     

磁流变弹性体的制备及力学性能研究

研究和设计了不同的制备磁路用于制备磁流变弹性体材料,结果表明使用线圈加磁装置可产生可调的磁场,而使用永磁铁加磁时,有导磁装置产生的磁场明显大于直接用永磁铁加磁,并且磁力线几乎无扩散,很好地运用了磁能量.并根据单自由度原理搭建了磁流变弹性体的力学性能测试平台,通过理论分析和推导,得到了磁流变弹性体在不同磁感应强度下的刚度与损耗因子等力学性能参数的计算方法,为高性能磁流变弹性体的制备及准确的力学性能测试提供了技术参考.     

叠层型磁流变弹性体智能隔震支座及其磁场有限元分析

磁流变弹性体（magnetorheological elastomers,简称MRE）是由天然橡胶或者硅橡胶基体和磁性颗粒组成的新型智能材料,其剪切性能和储能模量可以随着外加磁场的改变而变化。本文创新地提出利用磁流变弹性体材料代替普通橡胶材料,利用其磁流变效应设计制作叠层型智能隔震支座的思路,并且对自行设计的智能隔震支座进行了磁场有限元分析。建立了单线圈磁能输入和双线圈磁能输入结构的二维有限元模型,分别改变支座上下连接板厚度、线圈匝数、电流的大小,分析磁流变弹性体处磁感应强度的变化情况,从而得到电流大小以及支座的结构尺寸与磁感应强度之间的关系。分析结果表明：智能隔震支座磁流变弹性体处的磁感应强度最大可以达到1.2T,该调节范围可以充分发挥磁流变弹性体的流变效应,说明本文提出的新思路是完全可行的。     

基于Digimat中RVE模型的磁流变弹性体的磁致压缩力学性能的数值模拟

磁流变弹性体的宏观压缩力学性能受其组分材料的体积比、形态和外加磁场等因素的影响。从3方面系统的研究了磁流变弹性体在磁场和压缩条件下的静态磁致力学性能。首先运用Digimat软件中的均匀化方法和RVE研究零磁场条件下的磁流变弹性体力学性能。然后研究了磁场条件下各向同性和各向异性磁流变弹性的磁致力学性能。最后利用实验方法研究磁流变弹性体的力学性能。得到了磁场的施加使得各向同性和颗粒成链磁流变弹性体的压缩模量增大,同时颗粒成链比各向同性磁流变弹性体的磁流变效应更大的结论。     

硅橡胶基磁流变弹性体的研制

磁流变弹性体是一种新型的智能材料,它的力学性能可以受磁场控制,在需要变刚度的器件等方面有着广泛的应用前景.本文总结了一些制备高性能磁流变弹性体的基本方法,尝试采用不同的组份制备了以硅橡胶为基体的高性能磁流变弹性体.并使用改进的动态机械分析仪来测试分析所制样品的磁致剪切储能模量和损耗因子等性能.结果表明,所制备的磁流变弹性体在600mT磁感应强度下的剪切储能模量相对变化可达到501%.     

基于链化分析的磁流变弹性体剪切模量模型

磁流变弹性体是一种磁流变材料,由高分子橡胶基体掺杂微米级的铁磁性颗粒固化而成.基于磁性物理学理论,从磁流变弹性体在磁场作用下铁磁性固体颗粒极化成链的微观结构出发,探讨磁流变流体中固体颗粒间的相互作用机理,分析研究颗粒间的相互作用力,建立了一种微观力学模型,可用于分析磁流变流体在外加磁场作用下剪切模量及其影响因素的作用效果,揭示磁流变效应的微结构机理,为磁流变弹性体的性能优化、工程开发及应用提供理论依据.     

取向磁场强度对磁流变弹性体力磁性能的影响

为探究制备过程中取向磁场对MRE力磁性能的影响,制备了相同磁敏颗粒夹杂的两种不同基体特性的MRE,分别对其微观组织和材料的力学性能进行了系统研究。结果表明:随着取向磁场与硅油含量的增大,磁敏颗粒在MRE中的链状排布更加明显;所制备材料的磁致剪切模量与磁流变效应均随着取向磁场的增大而增大,并且其增加趋势随着硅油含量的增加更加显著;磁流变弹性体的损耗因子随着取向磁场的增加逐渐增大,而当取向磁场高于250mT后,损耗因子几乎不变。相关结果可对磁流变弹性体的设计制备提供理论依据。     

磁流变弹性体中铁磁颗粒尺寸大小随机分布下的磁致剪切模量的分析

考虑到磁流变弹性体内铁磁颗粒尺寸大小存在随机分布的现象,对磁流变弹性体的偶极子进行了修正,分析了不同尺寸铁磁颗粒混合的磁流变弹性体磁致剪切模量。该铁磁颗粒尺寸大小随机分布的修正模型不仅能够在单一粒径时退化为传统的偶极子模型,还可以对用不同尺寸的铁磁颗粒混合制备的磁流变弹性体磁致剪切模量的不均性予以预测,并对磁致剪切模量随夹杂铁磁颗粒的体积分数呈非线性变化予以了预测,相关结果与实验吻合较好。     

硅橡胶基磁流变弹性体相对磁导率研究

磁流变弹性体的最大特性就是其刚度和阻尼可以在外加磁场作用下实现实时且可逆的控制,而磁流变弹性体的相对磁导率是影响其可控范围的重要因素之一。以硅橡胶基不同组分磁流变弹性体为研究对象,在分析了相对磁导率测量原理的基础上,搭建了基于谐振电路的磁流变弹性体相对磁导率测试系统,实验研究了影响磁流变弹性体相对磁导率的因素。结果表明,磁流变弹性体的相对磁导率随磁性颗粒含量的增加而增加,随磁场强度的增加而减小;在相同质量分数条件下,以羰基铁粉作为填充物材料的磁流变弹性体的相对磁导率要高于以羰基镍粉为填充物的相对磁导率。且磁流变弹性体的相对磁导率随增塑剂含量的增大而增大。     

温度对磁流变弹性体力学性能的影响分析

温度影响磁流变弹性体硅橡胶或天然橡胶基体的剪切模量与损耗因数,进而影响磁流变弹性体的减振性能。研究温度对磁流变弹性体力学性能的影响,首先通过ANSYS Workbench仿真分析磁流变弹性体减振器工作时温度随工作时间变化过程,发现磁流变弹性体减振器中励磁线圈随着时间增加,温度逐渐上升,导致磁流变弹性体升温幅度测试磁流变弹性体试样在不同剪切应变与激励频率条件下的力学性能随温度变化过程。结果表明,温度对磁流变弹性体的剪切模量与损耗因数影响较大,在50 Hz、2.5%剪切应变的条件下,试样的剪切模量由25°C时的0.42 MPa降低到65°C时的0.36 MPa,损耗因数由0.307降低到0.204,降幅为33.55%,在不同温度下,磁致性能随温度变化相对较小。基于MATLAB动力学仿真,表明无外加磁场条件下磁流变弹性体减振器系统传递率由25°C时的5.065升高到65°C时的6.705,增幅为32.38%。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from