Ti—Nb微合金钢焊接粗晶热影响区组织及韧性

利用碳萃取复型技术研究了Ti—Nb微合金钢及其模拟粗晶区(CGHAZ)中的第二相粒子，并利用OM、TEM及系列冲击试验对Ti—Nb微合金钢焊接粗晶区的组织及韧性进行了研究。研究结果表明，Ti—Nb微合金钢中含有大量的、尺寸细小的TixNb1-x(CyN1-y)粒子，粒子中Nb的相对含量在0．25—0．82之间，形状接近球形。这些粒子具有很高的稳定性，在焊接过程中这些粒子能有效地阻止奥氏体晶粒长大、抑制粗大贝氏体的形成、促进针状铁素体析出及M-A组元的分解，从而显著善低合金高强钢焊接粗晶热影响区的韧性，t8/5越大，这种改善作用越明显。     

Zr对高强度钢热影响区第二相粒子及韧性影响

研究了0.012 4%锆对低合金高强度钢焊接热影响区粗晶区第二相粒子和冲击韧性的影响.结果表明,模拟20 kJ/cm焊接线能量下无锆钢焊接热影响区粗晶区中第二相粒子为Al-Ti复合氧化物和（Ti,Nb） N析出物.而含锆钢则是Zr-Al-Ti复合氧化物及（Al,Ti,Nb） N和（Ti,Nb） N析出物.同时,定量数据分析表明含锆钢中氧化物和氮化物粒子密度更高且尺寸更加细小.这些高密度的细小的第二相粒子在焊接过程中能有效钉扎晶界移动,抑制奥氏体晶粒粗化,在焊接热影响区粗晶区中得到尺寸相对细小均匀的原奥氏体晶粒,使得含锆钢焊接热影响区粗晶区呈现韧性断裂和极好的低温冲击韧性.     

微合金钢焊接热影响区的再热脆化问题

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜及焊接热模拟技术研究了焊后热处理温度对Nb、V、Ti微合金钢焊接热影响区粗晶区(CGHAZ)组织和性能的影响.结果表明,Nb、V、Ti微合金钢的CGHAZ经焊后热处理后存在再热脆化的现象,为了改善热影响区的韧性,应该选取较低的焊后热处理温度.焊后热处理过程对冲击性能的影响主要与钢中的析出粒子有关.     

合金钢焊接热影响粗晶区的显微组织和低温韧性

对船体用合金钢进行Ti脱氧和Al脱氧处理,研究焊接线能量对合金钢焊接热影响粗晶区显微组织和低温韧性的影响。结果表明,随着焊接线能量的增加,Ti脱氧处理钢和Al脱氧处理钢的低温韧性逐渐减小。焊接线能量通过改变第二相粒子的数量和尺寸影响奥氏体晶粒的长大过程。     

焊接热输入对低合金高强钢焊接热影响区组织性能的影响

采用CO2气体保护焊,研究了不同的焊接热输入对低合金高强钢ASTMA572GR.65钢在预热与不预热条件下焊接热影响区组织和性能的影响.研究表明,在小线能量(10kJ/cm)下,Nb(C,N)等第二相粒子在粗晶区能起到抑制晶粒长大的作用,使得晶粒比较小,而大线能量(40kJ/cm)下,这些粒子完全溶解,几乎没有起到对粗晶区晶粒长大的抑制作用.另外,小线能量(10kJ/cm)下,焊前预热有利于生成较细小的淬硬组织,对GR.65钢粗晶区的韧性起有利作用,而大线能量(40kJ/cm)下焊前预热反而使粗晶区组织粗大,并生成上贝氏体等韧性很差的组织,会对整个焊接热影响区产生不利影响.     

焊接热循环对X-60管线钢中第二相粒子的影响

利用萃取复型技术。对Ti-V-Nb微合金钢母材及模拟焊接粗晶热影响区中第二相粒子进行了研究。结果表明，母材中的粒子为含有Ti、Nb、V的碳氮化合物复合粒子，其尺寸均在100nm以下；粒子的形状不规则，不同粒子具有不同的成分。焊接热循环后，焊接粗晶区中仍保留了较多的粒子，但粒子尺寸显著增大，粒子的形状由母材中的不规则状变为方形，粒子的含Ti显著提高。     

CF-62钢焊后消除应力热处理脆化的研究

研究了焊后热处理对CF－62钢焊接热影响区粗晶区韧性的影响，指出CF－62钢焊接热影响区粗晶区在焊后热处理过程中有产生消除应力脆化的倾向，并探讨了低合金高强钢消除应力脆化的机理。     

QJ60钢的焊接

QJ60钢属于低合金高强钢,这类钢焊接性的主要特点是在热影响区粗晶区有产生冷裂纹和韧性下降的倾向.     

铌含量对高强船板钢大线能量焊接粗晶区组织性能的影响

利用焊接热模拟方法研究了铌含量对高强船板钢大线能量焊接粗晶区组织和性能的影响.结果表明,随Nb含量增加,粗晶区中晶界铁素体减少,MA岛(粒状贝氏体)和板条贝氏体增多,Nb含量在0.038wt％时,板条贝氏体贯穿整个奥氏体晶粒,严重降低了粗晶区的低温韧性;同时,MA岛的形态也由块状变为长条状,同样降低了粗晶区的低温韧性.在大线能量焊接下Nb对高强船板钢的焊接性造成了不利的影响.     

激光速率对B52L高强度钢焊接接头综合力学性能的影响

利用光学电子显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜,以及硬度测试、拉伸试验等手段,对不同焊接参数下微合金高强钢的组织形貌和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,在低焊速下,微合金钢的焊接接头出现缺陷,随着焊接速度的增加,焊接接头的宽度减小。焊缝区的组织在低焊速下会出现少量的贝氏体和铁素体,但主要组成为板条马氏体。热影响区的组织呈现不均匀状态,其细晶区组织细小,粗晶区组织晶粒尺寸粗大。微合金高强钢的焊接接头硬度峰值位于粗晶区,接头的拉伸断裂位置出现在母材区。     

冷却时间对Ti微合金钢焊接粗晶区组织及韧性的影响

利用光镜、金属薄膜电子显微分析技术、碳萃取复型电子显微分析技术、系列Ｃｈａｒｐｙ冲击试验等对Ｔｉ微合金钢模拟粗晶区的组织及韧性进行了研究。结果表明,随着８００－５００℃冷却时间的增加,该区域原始奥体（γ）晶粒长大并不严重;二次组织由上贝氏体为主逐渐转变为针状铁素体为主;珠光体的形态由非层片相间变为层片相间;Ｍ－Ａ组元由条状变为块状,且数量减少,因此韧性得以提高,电子衍射及ＥＤＸ分析还表明,该区域中     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND INCLUSION CHARACTERIZATION IN THE SIMULATED COARSE-GRAIN HEAT AFFECTED ZONE WITH LARGE HEAT INPUT OF A Ti-Zr-MICROALLOYED HSLA STEEL

1. IntroductionA pplication oflargeheatinputw elding techniques, w hich have been developed forlarge engineer-ing structure, e.g., big oiland gas tanks, bridge, pipe-line and architecture constructions etc. usuallycausesdeterioration ofm echanicalproperti…     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND INCLUSION CHARACTERIZATION IN THE SIMULATED COARSE-GRAIN I-IEAT AFFECTED ZONE WITH LARGE HEAT INPUT OF A Ti-Zr-MICROALLOYED HSLA STEEL

The microstructure and the characteristics of the inclusions embedded in ferrite matrix in simulated coarse-grain heat affected zone (CGHAZ) of a Ti-Zr-treated high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel have been investigated. The microstructure of the simulated CGHAZ dominantly Consisted of intragranular acicular ferrite (IAF) combining with a small amount of polygonal ferrite (PF), widmanstiitten ferrite (WF), bainite ferrite (BF), pearlite and martensite-austenite (M-A) islands. The PF, WF and BF were generally observed at the prior austenite grain boundaries and the interlocking acicular ferrite was usually found intragranularly. It was found that the inclusions were composed of Ti2O3 ZrO2, Al2O3 locating at the center of the particles and MnS lying on the surface layer of the inclusions. The intragranular complex inclusions prorooted the acicular ferrite formation and the refinement of microstructure whilst those at prior austenite grain boundaries caused PF formation on the inclusions. The simulated CGHAZ consisting of such complicated microstructure exhibited desired mechanical properties.     

In-situ microscopy study of grain refinement in the simulated heat-affected zone of high-strength low-alloy steel by TiN particle

High-strength low-alloy steels subjected to high heat input welding are susceptible to failure due to low toughness caused by grain coarsening. The effect of TiN on grain refinement in the simulated heat-affected zone (HAZ) was investigated. Because of small amount of Ti addition, abundant dispersed nanoscale TiN precipitates were formed. The TiN precipitates tended to be stable at high temperature and effectively retarded the austenite grain growth by refining the grain size during thermal cycle. Furthermore, the TiN also covered on the surface of Al–Ti complex oxide with MnS and caused low interface energy with ferrite. The acicular ferrite grains nucleated on complex inclusion in austenite grains at intermediate temperature and induced the austenite grain transform to the fine-grained mixed microstructure of acicular ferrite and bainite. The crystallographic grain size became small in the simulated HAZ due to the effective pinning effect and acicular ferrite formation.     

Ti处理改善船体钢焊接粗晶区的低温韧性研究

采用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机对Ti和Al处理船体钢进行不同热输入焊接热模拟实验, 并利用OM和SEM研究了母材和热模拟粗晶区氧化物夹杂及显微组织. 结果表明: Ti处理钢中弥散分布的Ti氧化物具有良好的高温稳定性, 75 kJ/cm的焊接热输入对其形貌、成分及尺寸无影响, 能有效促进晶内针状铁素体(AF)形核长大. Al处理钢中以Al₂O₃为核心的复合夹杂高温易分解, 不能促进晶内AF形核. 线能量大于50 kJ/cm的大热输入条件下, Ti处理钢模拟粗晶区的低温韧性明显高于Al处理钢. t_8/5>40 s时, Ti处理钢中较多的晶内AF组织抑制了M-A岛形成, 细化了基体铁素体组织, Al处理钢中的TiN和Nb(C, N)第二相粒子粗化, 粗晶区晶粒异常长大, 大于Ti处理钢中的奥氏体晶粒尺寸.     

Toughness improvement by Cu addition in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of high-strength low-alloy steels

The effect of microstructure and Cu addition in a simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel subjected to 100?kJ?cm^?1 heat input welding was studied. It has been observed that the primary microstructure in Cu-free HSLA steels is dominated by bainite, whereas, in Cu-bearing HSLA steels, the predominant microstructure is acicular ferrite. The acicular ferrite nucleated at intragranular complex inclusions consisting of Al and Ti oxides, covered with layer of MnS and CuS. The presence of high intensity of acicular ferrite and hard impingements between acicular ferrite laths or plates has contributed to the fine-grained and interlocked microstructure. The enhanced toughness in CGHAZ of Cu-bearing HSLA steel is attributed to the fine-grained interlocked microstructure of acicular ferrite.     

元素Nb对TiNbV微合金钢CGHAZ组织与冲击韧性影响

利用焊接热模拟研究Nb元素含量对TiNbV微合金钢焊接热影响粗晶区(CGHAZ)组织和性能的影响. 低铌钢和高铌钢在经历焊接热循环后微观组织构成及晶粒尺寸有显著差异. Nb元素含量为0.005%时焊接CGHAZ组织为铁素体和针状铁素体以及珠光体,大角度晶界和小角度晶界的晶粒比例相当,焊接CGHAZ晶粒尺寸粗大不均匀. 随着Nb元素含量的增加,大角度晶界的晶粒数量有所增加,晶粒得到细化. 但是,针状铁素体形成受到抑制,CGHAZ中贝氏体含量增加. 微合金钢中贝氏体的形成对焊接CGHAZ冲击韧性的下降起主导作用,Nb元素的含量控制在合适范围内(~ 0.02%),才可以保证CGHAZ具有良好的冲击韧性.     

Grain refinement in coarse-grained heat-affected zone of Al–Ti–Mg complex deoxidised steel

The particles and microstructure characteristics of coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) in Al–Ti–Mg killed steels with different Al contents were investigated. The results show that inclusion in high Al steel consists of Al–Mg oxide surrounded with a layer of MnS. However, inclusion in low Al steel is Al–Ti–Mg oxide covered with a layer of MnS, effectively promoting the formation of acicular ferrite. The precipitates of both steels are (Ti, Nb)N, the finer and more dispersed inclusions and precipitates in low Al steel can effectively inhibit austenite grain growth by grain boundary pinning during the thermal cycle. The fine-grained microstructure is obtained in CGHAZ of the low Al steel due to the pinning effect of finer particles and the high density of acicular ferrite.     

A study on welded joint toughness of X-60 steel

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