导电复合橡胶用导电填料的应用研究进展

对导电复合橡胶用导电填料如炭系、金属系、颗粒表面镀金属等的种类、性质等因素对复合橡胶材料导电率的影响及应用进行了综述。也对采用新型的填料即本征导电聚合物主要是聚苯胺填充制备导电复合橡胶的研究进展进行了综述。炭系是目前制备导电复合橡胶主要的导电填料,但有污染,不适合制备有颜色要求的导电材料,金属系、颗粒表面镀金属的比重大,在聚合物中分散较困难,也不太适合于有比重要求的制品。本征导电聚合物导电填充填料是制备导电复合橡胶发展的一个重要方向,可以解决不熔难溶造成的在聚合物中分散性差的问题。     

Electrically Functional Self-Healing Polymers: Design,Assessment, and Progress

Self-healing is a natural characteristic observed in organisms capable of repairing themselves following mechanical damage. Inspired by this attractive feature, researchers have developed self-healing polymers with various functionalities to create advanced self-healing devices that offer substantially enhanced durability and longevity. This paper provides an overview of self-healing polymers and their assessment methods, followed by the design strategy for electrically functional self-healing polymers, with a particular focus on the latest research findings. Finally, the paper discusses future prospects and challenges in this field.     

白色重晶石导电颜料的制备

制备了一种改善应用功能的导电颜料。制备方法是在pH为 2 0和温度为 40℃的条件下 ,向重晶石的悬浮液中滴加一定浓度的SnCl2 、SnCl4 和NH4 F的盐酸混合液 ,为了保持溶液的pH值恒定 ,同时滴加一定浓度的NaOH溶液 ,待混合液滴加完后 ,再继续搅拌 30min ,过滤、洗涤和干燥 ,并在 30 0℃下灼烧 1h。得到一种电阻率为 7 7Ω·m的白色导电颜料。     

钢纤维石墨复相导电混凝土的研究

探讨了导电混凝土在养护龄期28d内电阻的变化,分析了交流电和万用电表测试电阻的差别,研究了电阻随交流电压变化而变化的情况.比较了石墨导电混凝土和石墨、钢纤维复相导电混凝土28d抗压强度上的差别,同时分析了钢纤维对导电混凝土强度的影响;对比了石墨、钢纤维复相导电混凝土块在不同交流电压下的升温效果以及导电混凝土电阻随温度的变化.     

碳纤维炭黑导电混凝土的接地特性研究

选取碳纤维和炭黑作为导电相制备导电混凝土,对导电混凝土的导电性能、导电稳定性及力学性能等基本接地特性进行了研究,同时制备导电混凝土接地模块,并研究了其并联接地的降阻效果.研究结果表明:当碳纤维和炭黑掺量均为0.1％、电极面积为10％时,导电混凝土具有良好的导电性能;混凝土电阻率随龄期增长趋于稳定,稳定值为530 Ω·cm左右,电阻率在-40～ 50℃范围内的变化幅度小于5％,导电性能稳定;导电混凝土28 d抗压强度达到35 MPa,抗折强度达到6 MPa,满足接地材料的力学性能要求;采用并联接地的形式敷设导电混凝土接地模块对接地电阻存在集合效应,当敷设间距为30～60 cm时,集合系数小于1.5,并联接地的降阻效果较好.     

水泥/碳黑/水性聚氨酯共混导电材料的研究

使用水性聚氨酯、导电碳黑和石墨、水泥粉体和其他助剂共混,研制开发了一种复合导电材料.实验结果表明,该涂料的体积电阻率达到103 Ω·cm.除了具有一定的导电性能以外,也具有良好的机械性能.本文介绍了材料的配制和性能,讨论了导电填料的含量与该材料导电性能之间的影响,以及水泥固体粉体含量与材料机械性能的关系.     

双氰胺固化型导电胶性能优化及作用机理研究

针对双氰胺固化型环氧导电胶体积电阻率大等缺点,调查了不同结构短链有机二元酸对其导电性能的改善效果。发现在所调查的五种短链二元酸中,己二酸不仅可以改善导电胶的导电性能,同时能提高导电胶的力学性能。采用己二酸对银粉进行表面处理,通过热重、XPS、DSC等分析测试发现,己二酸不仅可有效去除银粉表面硬脂酸,同时其中一个羧酸官能团在银粉表面形成己二酸盐,其另一官能团在导电胶加热固化过程中参与固化反应,进而在银粉与环氧树脂之间形成偶联,从而提高导电胶的导电和力学性能。     

纳米银线/石墨烯复合材料对导电胶的性能影响研究

本文采用一步溶剂热法合成了纳米银线-石墨烯复合材料,通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外可见光吸收（UV-Vis）对合成的复合材料进行结构及形貌的表征,并将复合材料与微米片状银粉、环氧树脂基体掺杂制备导电胶,在150 ℃下固化2 h后,对导电胶进行了导电性能和热稳定性能测试。结果表明：纳米银线-石墨烯复合材料会改善导电胶的导电性能,当在基体树脂中添加0.9 wt%的复合材料后,导电胶的体积电阻率达到最低值4.34 ? 10-4 Ω?cm,而且导电胶仍然保持着良好的热稳定性能。     

导热高分子材料的研究开发现状

综述了近几年来导热高分子材料主要是导热塑料、导热橡胶领域内的研究开发进展。简单阐述了导热高分子材料的导热机理及导热理论模型,在此基础上探讨了优化导热高分子材料综合性能的途径。     

结构型与复合型导电塑料研究进展

概述了导电塑料的重大发现,阐明了塑料的导电机理和导电渗滤阈值,分析了不同加工工艺、不同导电炭黑、不同聚合物体系对材料导电性能和力学性能的影响,介绍了纳米技术在导电聚合物中的应用,综述了国内外结构型与复合型导电塑料最新技术成果、应用领域和研究进展。     

Non-Covalent Interaction on the Self-Healing of Mechanical Properties in Supramolecular Polymers

Supramolecular polymers are widely utilized and applied in self-assembly or self-healing materials, which can be repaired when damaged. Normally, the healing process is classified into two types, including extrinsic and intrinsic self-healable materials. Therefore, the aim of this work is to review the intrinsic self-healing strategy based on supramolecular interaction or non-covalent interaction and molecular recognition to obtain the improvement of mechanical properties. In this review, we introduce the main background of non-covalent interaction, which consists of the metal–ligand coordination, hydrogen bonding, π–π interaction, electrostatic interaction, dipole–dipole interaction, and host–guest interactions, respectively. From the perspective of mechanical properties, these interactions act as transient crosslinking points to both prevent and repair the broken polymer chains. For material utilization in terms of self-healing products, this knowledge can be applied and developed to increase the lifetime of the products, causing rapid healing and reducing accidents and maintenance costs. Therefore, the self-healing materials using supramolecular polymers or non-covalent interaction provides a novel strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of materials causing the extended cycling lifetime of products before replacement with a new one.     

提高导电高分子材料导电性的方法

高分子导电材料与金属导体相比，还有一定的差距，所以如何提高高分子导电材料的导电性一直是科学家们研究和讨论的问题，分别从掺杂，形成电荷复合物，改善聚合物自身的结构，改善聚合物自身的形态，控制加工方法和制备工艺等方面对提高高分子导电材料导电率进行了总结和讨论。     

Intrinsically Conductive Polymers for Striated Cardiac Muscle Repair

One of the most important features of striated cardiac muscle is the excitability that turns on the excitation-contraction coupling cycle, resulting in the heart blood pumping function. The function of the heart pump may be impaired by events such as myocardial infarction, the consequence of coronary artery thrombosis due to blood clots or plaques. This results in the death of billions of cardiomyocytes, the formation of scar tissue, and consequently impaired contractility. A whole heart transplant remains the gold standard so far and the current pharmacological approaches tend to stop further myocardium deterioration, but this is not a long-term solution. Electrically conductive, scaffold-based cardiac tissue engineering provides a promising solution to repair the injured myocardium. The non-conductive component of the scaffold provides a biocompatible microenvironment to the cultured cells while the conductive component improves intercellular coupling as well as electrical signal propagation through the scar tissue when implanted at the infarcted site. The in vivo electrical coupling of the cells leads to a better regeneration of the infarcted myocardium, reducing arrhythmias, QRS/QT intervals, and scar size and promoting cardiac cell maturation. This review presents the emerging applications of intrinsically conductive polymers in cardiac tissue engineering to repair post-ischemic myocardial insult.     

JP-6新型导电胶的性能研究

对自制的JP-6新型导电胶性能进行了系统的研究,包括力学性能、电学性能以及耐热性和吸水性等。结果表明J:P-6新型导电胶是一种综合性能非常优异的导电胶黏剂体系,具有很高的拉伸剪切强度,高达21.1MPa;优良的导电性,其固化物的体积电阻率为2.32×10-4Ω·cm;良好的耐热性,其固化物的Tonset热分解温度高达375.6℃;很低的吸水性,只有0.5%;长的室温贮存期,高达3个月以上。而且具有优异的耐大气老化性能、耐热老化性能以及耐湿热老化性能等。     

可加工导电高分子材料的研究进展

综述了可加工导电高分子的研究进展，着重叙述了制备可溶导电高分子及导电高分子复合材料的方法，并介绍了加工工艺对结构和性能的影响。     

聚合物/新型导热填料复合电介质的研究进展

综述了非常规新型导热粒子如纳米金刚石、碳化物、铁电陶瓷及其他无机功能粒子及其填充聚合物电介质的最新研究进展,重点探讨了新型导热粒子的含量、表面改性、加工方式等对聚合物复合材料的导热及介电性能的影响。介绍和分析了基于有机分子晶体为连续声子传递通路改性聚合物导热性能的研究及机理;在基体树脂内利用无机导热粒子及有机分子晶体可构筑连续的声子导热通路,从而达到降低界面热阻、提高体系热导率的目的。相比传统导热粒子,新型导热粒子在提高绝缘聚合物热导率的同时,还赋予体系其他物理性能如磁性、优良介电性能及储能等性能。     

荧光共轭聚合物的结构设计与合成方法研究

荧光共轭聚合物既有机小分子荧光材料优良的光学品质,又具有高分子材料优越的可加工性能,成为了荧光材料的研究热点。因此,荧光共轭聚合物在开发新型化学、生物及爆炸物传感器等方面具有非常广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了几种典型的荧光聚合物,重点介绍了聚合物中荧光发色团的合成,从分子结构设计、应用及优缺点等方面对各种合成方法进行阐述比较。并且展望了今后荧光共轭聚合物的发展前景。     

Stimuli-Responsive,Self-Healing,and Injectable Hydrogels with Dual-Crosslinked Design from Phenolphthalein-Grafted N-Carboxyethyl Chitosan

A new biomaterial, a hydrogel, with dual-crosslinked design, has been created with enhanced mechanical performance. The hydrogels are fabricated based on water-soluble chitosan, with dual-crosslinking of imine linkages and host–guest interactions. Phenolphthalein-grafted N-carboxyethyl chitosan (CECS-g-PHP), as a guest polymer, is synthesized and structurally characterized and complexed with hexamethylenediamine modified β-cyclodextrin (β-CD-HDA), as a host molecule. Oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) is added to form crosslinking networks via imine linkages with the existing amino groups. The hydrogels show significantly shorter gelation times and higher compressive stresses, compared with single-crosslinked hydrogels. The phenolphthalein units in the hydrogel change color with pH and other added chemicals. Moreover, the hydrogels can be injected and are self-healing with >80% recovery within 4 h. Thus, these dual-crosslinked hydrogels, which respond to pH and other stimuli, are promising designs for new multifunctional biomaterials.