Triton X-100在单菌落PCR技术中的优化作用

在利用单菌落PCR法直接筛选含有外源基因的重组质粒以及发生同源重组的重组子时,通过0.1%TritonX-100处理模板对PCR技术进行优化。以大肠杆菌DH5α、单核细胞增生李斯特菌的重组克隆为例,单菌落经Triton X-100处理后再进行PCR,琼脂糖凝胶电泳图谱的条带更清晰、杂带减少;克隆鉴定的阳性率明显提高,且在15μL的PCR反应混合液体系中的扩增效果更明显。对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的检测方法可以推广适用于多种革兰氏阳性菌。     

Effects of Triton X-100 and Acyclovir on Human Serum Albumin Structure

The effects of acyclovir and Triton X-100 on the behavior of human serum albumin (HSA) in a acyclovir/HSA/H₂O system were studied by UV spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and polarization, conductivity, zeta potential, and circular dichroism. Both acyclovir and Triton X-100 affect the structure and behavior of HSA. The intrinsic fluorescence intensity, net charge of HSA and the conductivity of the system increase initially with increased acyclovir concentration, and the zeta potential of HSA decreases initially. The effects of Triton X-100 are similar to those of acyclovir except for the non-radiant energy transfer in the quenching process of Triton X-100 to HSA. The associating site of HSA with acyclovir is the same as that of HSA with Triton X-100.

异丙酚与支撑双层类脂膜作用的电化学研究

以支撑双层类脂膜(s-BLM)作为生物膜模型,采用循环伏安法和交流阻抗技术研究了异丙酚与双层类脂膜的相互作用.结果表明,异丙酚能降低磷脂分子的有序性, 诱发s-BLM 上形成孔洞或缺陷, 且这种相互作用对作用时间、异丙酚浓度以及胆固醇的存在与否具有依赖性.     

在TritonX－100存在下用2－QADN2，7示波极谱法测定痕量铜

合成了１－（２－喹啉偶氮）－２，７－二羟萘，研究了本试剂与铜络合物的极谱特性。在ｐＨ９．６０的缓冲溶液中，当有０．００２５％ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在时，Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－２－ＱＡＤＮ２，７络合物在－０．４１Ｖ产生一灵敏示波极谱波，用此波检测痕量铜的下限为１．０×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

Measurement of Hydrogen Produced during Magnesium Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid and the Effect of the Triton X-100 Surfactant on Hydrogen Production

The goal of this article is to measure hydrogen produced during the corrosion of magnesium in HCl and the influence of the Triton X-100 surfactant on hydrogen production. It was found that the hydrogen produced during corrosion of Mg in HCl increased with increasing HCl concentration, stirring rate, temperature, and time of immersion. The addition of the Triton X-100 surfactant inhibits the amount of hydrogen evolved. The inhibition behavior was explained on the basis of adsorption of Triton X-100 molecules on the Mg surface creating a barrier for mass and charge transport, which protects the Mg surface from aggressive ions. The activation thermodynamic parameter values were calculated and explicated. Some theoretical chemical parameters were also calculated. The results obtained from the theoretical calculations are in agreement with the practical results.     

Effect of Triton X-100 in water-added electrolytes on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The performance of a Ru(II) dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO₂ solar cell (DSSC) with both Triton X-100 and water as additives in 3-methoxypropionitrile solutions is described. In the presence of these additives, the open-circuit voltage (V_oc), fill factor and stability of the cell increased, while the short-circuit photocurrent density decreased compared to those found in their absence. Based on these changes, the DSSC yielded a higher solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 5.9%, compared to 5.3% for the cells fabricated without the additives. Furthermore, the addition of Triton X-100 to the water-added electrolyte was found to render the Ag metal corrosion resistant.     

Tailoring the Surface Chemistry of PEDOT:PSS to Promote Supported Lipid Bilayer Formation

This communication reports on a versatile and substrate-agnostic method to tune the surface chemistry of conducting polymers with the aim of bridging the chemical mismatch between bioelectronic devices and biological systems. As a proof of concept, the surface of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is grafted with a short-chain oligoethylene glycol monolayer to favor the formation of cell-derived supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). This method is tuned to optimize the affinity between the supported lipid bilayer and the conducting polymer, leading to significant improvements in bilayer quality and therefore electronic readouts. To validate the impact of surface functionalization on the system's ability to transduce biological phenomena into quantifiable electronic signals, the activity of a virus commonly used as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2 (mouse hepatitis virus) is monitored with and without surface treatment. The functionalized devices exhibit significant improvements in electronic output, stemming from the improved SLB quality, therefore strengthening the case for the use of such an approach in membrane-on-a-chip systems.     

The Effect of the Osmotically Active Compound Concentration Difference on the Passive Water and Proton Fluxes across a Lipid Bilayer

The molecular details of the passive water flux across the hydrophobic membrane interior are still a matter of debate. One of the postulated mechanisms is the spontaneous, water-filled pore opening, which facilitates the hydrophilic connection between aqueous phases separated by the membrane. In the paper, we provide experimental evidence showing that the spontaneous lipid pore formation correlates with the membrane mechanics; hence, it depends on the composition of the lipid bilayer and the concentration of the osmotically active compound. Using liposomes as an experimental membrane model, osmotically induced water efflux was measured with the stopped-flow technique. Shapes of kinetic curves obtained at low osmotic pressure differences are interpreted in terms of two events: the lipid pore opening and water flow across the aqueous channel. The biological significance of the dependence of the lipid pore formation on the concentration difference of an osmotically active compound was illustrated by the demonstration that osmotically driven water flow can be accompanied by the dissipation of the pH gradient. The application of the Helfrich model to describe the probability of lipid pore opening was validated by demonstrating that the probability of pore opening correlates with the membrane bending rigidity. The correlation was determined by experimentally derived bending rigidity coefficients and probabilities of lipid pores opening.     

Preparation of DOPC and DPPC Supported Planar Lipid Bilayers for Atomic Force Microscopy and Atomic Force Spectroscopy

Cell membranes are typically very complex, consisting of a multitude of different lipids and proteins. Supported lipid bilayers are widely used as model systems to study biological membranes. Atomic force microscopy and force spectroscopy techniques are nanoscale methods that are successfully used to study supported lipid bilayers. These methods, especially force spectroscopy, require the reliable preparation of supported lipid bilayers with extended coverage. The unreliability and a lack of a complete understanding of the vesicle fusion process though have held back progress in this promising field. We document here robust protocols for the formation of fluid phase DOPC and gel phase DPPC bilayers on mica. Insights into the most crucial experimental parameters and a comparison between DOPC and DPPC preparation are presented. Finally, we demonstrate force spectroscopy measurements on DOPC surfaces and measure rupture forces and bilayer depths that agree well with X-ray diffraction data. We also believe our approach to decomposing the force-distance curves into depth sub-components provides a more reliable method for characterising the depth of fluid phase lipid bilayers, particularly in comparison with typical image analysis approaches.