重防腐涂料及其在工程中的应用(Ⅱ)

3 重防腐涂料的配套 　　所有的重防腐涂料都是配套使用的。在长期实践中不同的领域积累了丰富的经验 ,形成不同的配套体系。其中有涂料供应商针对自己的系列产品推荐的配套体系，也有不同应用部门的设计单位制定的标准配套体系。 　　选择配套体系时应注意如下几点： 　　●所选涂料和配套体系在相似应用环境下使用的业绩 ;　　●底漆与面漆的配套性 ,层间附着力 ,是否出现咬底、裂纹等涂装缺陷 ;　　●底漆与面漆之间是否需要中间层，涂料的施工性能与施工方法和设备的适应性 ;　　●涂装道数、时间间隔、干膜厚度、单位面积涂装量等基础…     

水性涂料体系配方设计对“湿碰湿”涂装配套性的影响

介绍了一套防护性能优异的水性双组分环氧底漆和水性双组分聚氨酯面漆的复合涂料体系,探讨了底漆环氧树脂、胺类固化剂、底漆颜基比（P/B）、面漆羟丙树脂、异氰酸酯固化剂以及环保助溶剂对“湿碰湿”涂装配套性和复合涂膜外观及性能的影响。结果表明：底漆甲组分选用表干时间和硬度较好的 DB4253水性环氧树脂配合 A和 C的复合胺类固化剂乙组分作为主体成膜物,颜基比为 2. 0,m（甲组分） ∶m（乙组分） =7∶1,干膜厚度控制在（ 55±5）μm;水性羟基丙烯酸树脂为 Antkote. 2033,HDI固化剂为 DNW-5500/Aquolin. 280（质量比 2∶1）和复配助溶剂 DPnB/PGDA（质量比 1∶1）组成的面漆体系,能够满足大型机械设备“湿碰湿”配套涂装的工艺和性能要求。     

木质家具的环保涂装解决方案

探索新形势下木质家具的环保涂装方式,提出了紫外光固化涂料(UV)配套水性涂料(WB)的环保涂装解决方案,并重点探讨了UV底漆配套水性面漆在实木家具、木门和板式家具的涂装应用。     

水性木器涂料涂装过程中的近红外干燥研究

采用具有核壳结构的丙烯酸酯乳液分别配制了水性木器清底漆和清面漆,对比研究了涂装过程中近红外干燥和室温自然干燥两种方式对涂料样板性能的影响。结果表明:近红外干燥可以解决水性木器涂料在涂装过程中干燥速率慢的问题。底漆在70℃干燥4 min即可达到室温条件下干燥6 h达到的打磨性能,而面漆在70℃烘干6～8min得到的漆膜,其耐介质性、硬度和小分子的残余量等各项性能就可以达到室温自然干燥7 d的水平;延长干燥时间至10 min,得到的面漆各性能均良好,极大地提高了水性丙烯酸酯乳液涂料的干燥效率。     

一次成型PP塑料底漆的研制

研制了PP塑料底漆,可直接喷涂于PP（聚丙烯）材质之上,减少一道底漆涂装工艺,降低施工成本,提高涂装效率,提供初始颜色效应和遮盖塑料加工过程中产生的表面缺陷如毛边、凹痕或斑痕,且与中涂、面漆有很好的配套性。     

不同基材优异附着的水性单组分木器涂料的研制

介绍了应用于溶剂型底漆上的水性面漆的配方设计、施工与问题分析解决方案,阐述了不同基材优异附着的水性单组分木器涂料在制作过程中原材料的选择与工艺的制定,对水性木器涂料应用于溶剂型底漆进行了探讨并给出了指导与建议。     

水性裂纹漆的研制

水性裂纹漆是一种美术型涂料,由水性底漆和水性面漆组成。当将面漆涂料涂装在柔韧的底漆上时,面漆在干燥过程中会收缩,表面开裂,露出下面的底漆,形成裂纹图案。该涂料VOC含量极低,可大大减少对环境所造成的污染和对操作人员的人身毒害。介绍了裂纹漆的涂装方法,并详细分析了裂纹产生的机理。其涂膜附着力强、耐水性好,耐擦洗。     

专利速报

20100301改性丙烯酸特种涂料 公开号：CN101457110 公开日：2009—06—17申请人：上海海悦涂料有限公司 本发明涉及一种新型涂料,由防锈底漆和高性能耐候面漆配套组成,涂装时一般底漆涂装3道,面漆涂装2-3道。其主要成膜物质为丙烯酸树脂和特种改性树脂,极大地提高了该类涂料的附着力等物理机械性能和耐候性能。该涂料为单组分改性丙烯酸防腐涂料,由丙烯酸树脂、     

铝材磷酸-铬酸盐转化膜与聚偏二氟乙烯涂料的研究

研究了铝合金装饰板和铝型材表面喷涂聚偏二氟乙烯涂料的工艺流程,探讨了铝合金的前处理、磷酸-铬酸盐转化膜和聚偏二氟乙烯底漆与面漆之间的配套性,通过在磷酸-铬酸溶液中添加硝酸镍来改善转化膜性能.对铝合金的磷酸-铬酸盐转化膜配方及工艺进行了筛选,得出了加硝酸镍的铝合金磷酸-铬酸盐转化膜的最佳工艺配方.转化膜的抗蚀性是未加硝酸镍的2倍.还研究了铝合金表面喷涂聚偏二氟乙烯涂料的涂装配套性,得到了在铝合金表面喷涂氟碳涂料的最佳配套体系.     

工程机械水性涂料涂装生产线的工艺设计

介绍了工程机械水性涂料涂装生产线工艺设计流程和适用于不同工件的水性涂料涂装工艺,分析了工程机械水性涂料涂装的优缺点,从上件、表面处理、喷涂底漆/面漆,到流平、烘干、下线等各环节对水性涂料涂装和溶剂型涂料涂装工艺进行了对比,讨论了工程机械水性涂料涂装设备设计的技术要求及在设备选型上需要考虑的因素,指出了行业未来的发展方向。     

气相二氧化硅对瓷器文物修复仿釉涂料性能的影响

瓷器文物修复作色上釉时使用的无色透明有机涂料称为仿釉涂料,目前常用于瓷器文物修复的仿釉涂料普遍存在着耐老化性差和硬度不足这两个问题.为了使仿釉涂料更好地满足修复需求,研究使用气相二氧化硅粉体材料,对陶瓷修复常用的三种仿釉涂料(硝基涂料、丙烯酸光油和水性聚氨酯涂料)进行改性实验,并对改性前后涂膜的硬度、光泽度、接触角、附...     

美式涂装与涂装材料

介绍了目前美国流行的仿古家具的涂装方式、工艺流程和涂装材料。该工艺是一种缺陷美的涂装方式，是着色剂和硝基漆的完美结合。与目前国内常用的家具的制作工艺、涂装方式、涂装材料不同，本文较详细地描述了基材破坏处理、着色剂的品种、硝基漆的特点、特种漆的用途和涂装工艺流程。     

The dependence of pendulum hardness on the thickness of acrylic coating

Pendulum hardness, which is widely used in the characterization of organic coatings, depends greatly on the thickness of the coating. However, it is still unclear whether a qualitative or quantitative relationship exists between pendulum hardness and coating thickness. In the present article, the pendulum hardness values of acrylic coatings with different thicknesses are measured using a König pendulum hardness tester to clarify the dependence of pendulum hardness on thickness of coating. The results show that the pendulum hardness of acrylic coatings decreases gradually with the increasing thickness of coating within a thickness range, and the sensitivity of pendulum hardness to thickness of coating depends greatly on the glass transition temperature of the coatings. An equation suitable for describing the relationship between logarithmic decrement of the amplitude of pendulum's oscillation and thickness of coating is presented, which can separate the contributions of substrate and coating on the logarithmic decrement. This study demonstrates that the measured value of pendulum hardness is not the bulk hardness value for the coating but the representative value of the system consisting of substrate and coating. An excellent correlation between pendulum hardness and thickness of acrylic coatings is obtained, which is fairly supported by the experimental data.     

Tribomechanical and microstructural properties of cathodic arc-deposited ternary nitride coatings

Sintered carbides are promising materials for surfaces that are exposed to extreme wear. Owing to their high service load, ceramic-based thin films are coated on carbides using different techniques. In this study, non-toxic and cobalt-free powder metallurgy-sintered carbide samples were coated with TiN, TiAlN, CrAlN, and TiSiN ceramic-based thin film coatings by cathodic arc physical vapor deposition. The microstructure (phase formation, coating thickness, surface roughness, and topography), mechanical properties (hardness, modulus of elasticity, and plasticity indices), and tribological properties (nanoscratch and wear behavior) of the thin film coatings were investigated. No cracks or defects were detected in these layers. The ceramic-based ternary nitride thin film coatings exhibited better mechanical performance than the TiN coating. The TiN thin film coating had the highest average surface roughness, which deteriorated its tribological performance. The ternary nitride thin film coatings exhibited high toughness, while the TiN thin film coating exhibited brittle behavior under applied loads when subjected to nanoscratch tests. The wear resistance of the ternary nitride coatings increased by nearly 9–17 times as compared to that of the TiN coating and substrate. Among all the samples investigated, the substrate showed the highest coefficient of friction (COF), while the TiSiN coating exhibited the lowest COF. The TiSiN thin film coating showed improved mechanical and tribological properties as compared to other binary and ternary nitride thin film coatings.     

Effects of ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the surface properties and adhesion of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)

The poor adhesion of bamboo coatings is a serious issue in the bamboo industry. To overcome this problem it is necessary to modify the actual surface of the bamboo before finishing. A study on the surface properties and adhesion of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) were investigated with various UV irradiation conditions including irradiation time and dose using different UV lamps. Two types of wood coatings, i.e., solvent‐borne nitrocellulose (NC) lacquer and waterborne polyurethane (PU) coating, were used in the study, and 180° peel strength and shear strength tests for measuring adhesion of films were conducted. The results revealed that the wettability and the carbonyl group concentration of the bamboo surface were increased. This was particularly apparent for an irradiation time less than 15 s with a mercury UV lamp (H‐lamp), rated at an intensity of 100 W/cm kept at a distance of 15 cm. In all the treatments, the greenish appearance of moso bamboo was retained and the adhesion was improved. Especially, using solvent‐borne NC lacquer finishing, the higher‐dose (under a mercury UV lamp combined with metal halide lamp; H + M‐lamps) irradiated bamboo had the best adhesion, while, for waterborne PU coating, the H‐lamp irradiated one showed the best improvement. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

蓖麻油基双重交联防腐蚀水性聚氨酯的制备及性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚碳酸酯二醇-1000(PCDL-1000)、蓖麻油（CO）、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯（PETA）为主要原料，使用丙酮法制备了一系列双重交联的CO基水性聚氨酯（CWPU）乳液。采用FTIR、紫外-可见分光光度计、铅笔硬度计、电子万能实验机、SEM、电化学工作站对CWPU薄膜进行了表征，测试了CWPU薄膜的拉伸性能、耐水性、耐磨性及耐腐蚀性，探讨了其耐腐蚀机理。结果表明，当CO含量（以乳液溶质总质量计，下同）为4%时，制备的薄膜CWPU的24 h吸水率仅为4.5%，对Q235钢板基底的附着力为0级，对Q235钢板基底的保护效率可达99.05%，表明所制CWPU薄膜具有优异的耐水、防腐蚀性能。     

Sand erosion and crack propagation mechanism of Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN multilayer coating

Herein, we have deposited Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN multilayer coatings with various modulation ratios on TC11 alloy substrate using cathodic arc system. The influence of various modulation ratios on microstructure and Al₂O₃ sand erosion behavior of coatings is systematically studied. Results reveal that the coatings are about 200 nm per cycle and total thickness is 8 μm. Five groups of coatings exhibit high hardness (>3000 HV_0.025). The coating with modulation ratio of 12 adhesion can reaches 55 N. The residual stress increases with the decrease of the modulation ratio, but the increase is generally low (less than ?2 GPa). In addition, according to sand erosion test, it is found that sand erosion resistance of multilayer coating is significantly around 5 times higher than TC11 alloy matrix. The erosion morphology shows that a large number of irregular cracks and layered spalling appear on the surface of the coating, indicating that the cracks are constantly initiated under the continuous impact of the sand and gravel，and finally gather together and then spalling. Moreover, dynamic response and stress field of the coating under the impact of single sand (Al₂O₃) are studied by numerical simulations. It is determined that coating cracking is caused by high tensile stress under CrAlN layer. In addition, according to crack propagation morphology and influence of different interfaces between multilayered structures on crack tips, propagation/termination mechanism of cracks is analyzed in detail. Cracks are easy to initiate in hard CrAlN layer and consume a lot of energy after propagating into soft Cr layer, thereby ending at next soft and hard interfaces. These results provide experimental and theoretical support for the study of high tenacity and anti-erosion coating.     

钢结构防腐配套方案的设计

论述了钢结构腐蚀机理和腐蚀防护措施。介绍了大气环境的6种腐蚀分类方法。对处于不同腐蚀环境中的钢结构涂装规范进行了详细说明。以两个成功的案例说明了锌粉底漆 环氧中间漆 丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆涂装配套体系具有较佳的防护性能。     

Characterization of a lacquer film formulated with phosphating reagents for corrosion protection of galvanized substrates

This paper analyzes the chemical composition of the interface resulting from the application of an organic coating (lacquer) containing phosphating reagents on galvanized steel, galvanneal, and galfan substrates and its stability after short periods of exposure to condensing humidity and UV light (UVCON test). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has shown that the lacquer drying process gives rise to a number of discontinuities on the lacquer surface (pores) exposing the phosphate layer formed on the original metallic coating surface. It is interesting to note the detection of fluoride and nitrite ions and phosphoric acid not combined with zinc (perhaps as HPO₄ ²⁻ and H₂PO₄ ⁻) on the lacquered surfaces before testing, which suggests a tendency of these species to concentrate on the outer surface of the phosphate layer or at the lacquer-phosphate layer interface (in zones covered by the lacquer). After one day of exposure to the UVCON test, XPS reveals the disappearance of the fluoride and nitrite ions and of the free phosphoric acid. After 15 days of exposure to the UVCON test, the carbon content is seen to have decreased considerably, while the zinc, phosphorus, and titanium contents have risen. The low atomic percentages of carbon (only moderately higher than those obtained with the coatings in bare state) and Zn/P atomic ratios close to 1.5 suggest the removal of a very substantial percentage of the lacquer, leaving the zinc phosphate formed on the surface of the different metallic coatings exposed. This quick and significant drop in the lacquer content barely seems to have a repercussion on the degradation of the metallic substrate during the UVCON test, since its visual aspect remains unaltered.     

Cracking analysis of HVOF coatings under Vickers indentation

The fracture strength of five HVOF coatings, which are made of hard metals, Tribaloy alloy, and superalloys, respectively, coated on 1018 low carbon steel substrate, is studied under Vickers indentation, associated with FEA stress computation. The cross sections of the coating specimens are examined on a Hitachi Model S-570 scanning electron microscope (SEM), which investigates the quality and measures the geometry of the coatings. The mechanical properties of the coatings and the substrate are determined in the cross sections using the nano-indentation technique. The cracking behavior of the coatings under different indentation loads is investigated using a Vickers hardness tester. Three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) simulation of the Vickers indentation test is conducted to determine the stress fields in the coating/substrate systems in order to understand the fracture mechanisms of the coatings under the indentation loads using the ABAQUS software package. The FEA stress results are in good agreement with the experimental observation of Vickers indentation.