Multi-criteria risk analysis to improve safety in manufacturing systems

The drive to lower operating costs and improve manufacturing efficiency has led many manufacturing companies to implement different methodologies in order to identify a suitable risk assessment model. So, the concern for safety in industrial activities, both inside the establishments and in their surroundings, has a crucial role. As a result, many laws, regulations and risk analysis techniques are well adapted to industry needs since they were developed for its purpose. However increasing safety is often difficult, especially when you have already obtained good results, so the aim of our paper is the proposal of a new methodological approach called the safety improve risk assessment (SIRA) by integrating the conventional aspects of the popular failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) procedure with economic considerations in order to take into account the risk and to minimise the total safety costs by defining a specific index called total risk priority number (TRPN) index. The index proposed is based on the improved risk priority number (IRPN) and the analytic network process (ANP), a multi-criteria decision-making technique.     

Interface management: effective communication to improve process safety

Failure to successfully communicate maintenance activities, abnormal conditions, emergency response procedures, process hazards, and hundreds of other items of critical information can lead to disaster, regardless of the thoroughness of the process safety management system. Therefore, a well-functioning process safety program depends on maintaining successful communication interfaces between each involved employee or stakeholder and the many other employees or stakeholders that person must interact with. The authors discuss a process to identify the critical “Interfaces” between the many participants in a process safety management system, and then to establish a protocol for each critical interface.     

Use of failure rate databases and process safety performance measurements to improve process safety

Employing equipment reliability databases can generate a process of continual improvement. This paper suggests a methodology that uses equipment reliability databases, and a process of benchmarking to establish a continual improvement procedure by learning "how others are doing it". A simple decision-making procedure is suggested too, to assist in prioritizing the processes/equipment that are considered to be improved as well as a methodology to measure the improvement.     

Traffic signal phasing at intersections to improve safety for alcohol-affected pedestrians

Alcohol-affected pedestrians are among the highest-risk groups involved in pedestrian casualty crashes. This paper investigates the opportunities to use a modified form of traffic signal operation during high-risk periods and at high-risk locations to reduce alcohol-affected pedestrian crashes and the severity of injuries that might otherwise occur. The 'Dwell-on-Red' treatment involves displaying a red traffic signal to all vehicle directions during periods when no vehicular traffic is detected, so that drivers approach high-risk intersections at a lower speed than if a green signal were displayed. Vehicle speed data were collected before and after treatment activation at both a control and treatment site. Speed data were collected both 30 m prior to and at the intersection stop line. The treatment was associated with a reduction in mean vehicle speeds of 3.9 kph (9%) and 11.0 kph (28%) at 30 m and stop line collection points, respectively, and substantial reductions in the proportion of vehicles travelling at threatening speeds with regard to the severity of pedestrian injury. Other important road safety concerns may also benefit from this form of traffic signal modification, and it is recommended that other areas of application be explored, including the other severe trauma categories typically concentrated around signalised intersections.     

Using game technologies to improve the safety of construction plant operations

Many accidents occur world-wide in the use of construction plant and equipment, and safety training is considered by many to be one of the best approaches to their prevention. However, current safety training methods/tools are unable to provide trainees with the hands-on practice needed. Game technology-based safety training platforms have the potential to overcome this problem in a virtual environment.     

Recalls. FDA, industry cooperate to protect consumers

When a marketed product is found to violate the law, more often than not it's the company that removes it from the market--or recalls it in FDA lingo. This helps the companies, taxpayers and consumers.     

ＷＴＯ／ＴＢＴ与我国技术监督情报工作

随着我国加入WTO，我国对外开放将近入一个新的阶段，技术监督情报部门如何把握机遇、弄清WTO的规则，合理定位、选择发展，开展有特色的信息服务，就显得越来越重要。     

Occupational driver safety: Conceptualising a leadership-based intervention to improve safe driving performance

Occupational driving crashes are the most common cause of death and injury in the workplace. The physical and psychological outcomes following injury are also very costly to organizations. Thus, safe driving poses a managerial challenge. Some research has attempted to address this issue through modifying discrete and often simple target behaviours (e.g., driver training programs). However, current intervention approaches in the occupational driving field generally consider the role of organizational factors in workplace safety. This study adopts the A–B–C framework to identify the contingencies associated with an effective exchange of safety information within the occupational driving context. Utilizing a sample of occupational drivers and their supervisors, this multi-level study examines the contingencies associated with the exchange of safety information within the supervisor–driver relationship. Safety values are identified as an antecedent of the safety information exchange, and the quality of the leader–member exchange relationship and safe driving performance is identified as the behavioural consequences. We also examine the function of role overload as a factor influencing the relationship between safety values and the safety information exchange. Hierarchical linear modelling found that role overload moderated the relationship between supervisors’ perceptions of the value given to safety and the safety information exchange. A significant relationship was also found between the safety information exchange and the subsequent quality of the leader–member exchange relationship. Finally, the quality of the leader–member exchange relationship was found to be significantly associated with safe driving performance. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.     

推行先进管理体系 运用卫生注册手段 提升食品农产品质量安全

进出口食品企业卫生注册备案是国家对进出口食品生产企业的准入制度和监督管理制度,是提升企业生产质量的重要平台。备案注册工作中的对外注册,是帮助出口食品企业跨越壁垒,拓展国际市场的重要手段。近年来,在出口食品农产品检验检疫工作中,福建检验检疫局高度重视出口食品生产企业备案注册工作,深化备案注册企业原料安全控制体系建设,积极帮助备案企业引入认证认可供     

贴近实际持续改进精益求精

中海集装箱运输上海有限公司诞生于航运事业大发展期.为了使企业做大做强,持续发展,2004年初,公司决定先在上海总部引进ISO 9HD00标准,并于2006年4月通过了认证机构的现场审核,取得了认证证书.     

Optimized work control process to improve safety and reliability in a risk-based and deregulated environment

This paper provides an overview of strategic models to assist power generating plants to improve their work control processes. These models include mechanisms to continually keep the process up to date. Included in the work control process are elements for system cost/performance analysis, life-cycle maintenance planning, on-line scheduling and look-ahead techniques, and schedule implementation to conduct work on the asset. The paper also discusses how risk management associated with work control issues that effect the safety and reliability, as well as O and M costs, is integrated into this strategy.The work control process is a pervasive and critical element in the successful implementation of operations and work management programs. While providing a method to implement maintenance activities in a cost-effective manner, the work control process improves plant safety and system reliability.