关于高温潜油电泵推力轴承承载特性的研究

推力轴承作为高温潜油电泵的主要承载部件,对于其运行起着至关重要的作用。基于FLUENT流体分析软件,建立了推力轴承油膜润滑模型,主要分析不同瓦张角、油膜厚度以及周向倾角条件下推力轴承的承载能力。研究结果显示,随着瓦张角的增加,推力轴承的总承载力呈现先增加后减小的趋势;随着油膜厚度的增加,推力轴承的承载能力逐步减小,最终趋于平缓;随着周向倾角的增加,推力轴承的承载能力先增加后趋于平缓。通过建立油膜与推力轴承的流固耦合模型,分析推力轴承在运行过程中的受力及其变形。     

重载推力轴承动压承载特性分析

为了验证某推力轴承设计的合理性,以某推力轴承为研究对象,依据给定的供油工作条件,使用CFD技术分析了推力轴承正常工作情况下的动压油膜轴向承载力特性。研究结果表明：在正常工作情况下,推力块瓦面倾角为0.02°,推力块动压油膜承载力大于1210 kN,满足瓦块轴向承载力要求;推力环进口边界压力为0.2 MPa时,油膜承载力约为69 kN,同时满足了推力盘润滑要求和转子旋转时的油膜承载力要求。     

配合型球形静压推力轴承的油膜挤压效应分析

本文对配合型球形静压推力轴承的油膜挤压效应进行了研究和探讨,从而为该轴承的设计提供理论基础。     

立磨减速机平面推力轴承的结构及润滑研究

推力轴承承担立磨的载荷支撑和振动并传递给减速机。分析了推力轴承的结构、材料、负载及润滑的要求,推荐单个推力轴承块工作面积最大不宜超过0.35 m²,分块数量在9～18块间选择,组装后分块间总高度误差控制在0.02 mm以内,列举锡基合金材料和弹性金属塑料材料及后者的优点。研究了轴承承载、油温和油膜厚度的对应关系并得到对应曲线图。采用动压及动静压润滑时,供油面需要超过推力轴承工作面且保持有15.0～65.0 mm的高度差,静压润滑时供油管路压力范围一般控制在4.0～12.0 MPa为宜。研究的结果对立磨减速机推力轴承设计有很好的借鉴参考意义。     

现代大型板带材轧机油膜轴承的系统集成创新

基于一种板带材轧机油膜轴承衬套专利技术,介绍了现代大型板带材轧机油膜轴承发展历程,从结构、承载能力、寿命、制造水平等方面对滚动轴承和油膜轴承进行了比较,提出针对轧机油膜轴承和润滑系统的“集成创新”技术,使润滑油运行量、油箱及油库容积明显降低,衬套使用寿命提高。为拓宽油膜轴承在轧机及其他重要设备上的应用有一定意义。     

静动压轧机油膜轴承静压特性的研究

静动压油膜轴承是在液体动压润滑轴承和液体静压轴承的基础上发展起来的新型油膜轴承。静动压油膜轴承是一种兼有两者优点的轴承,其正常工作的速度范围较大,能够充分利用油膜的动压效应。通过采用CFD仿真技术,对1030-76WJJ静动压油膜轴承的静压特性进行了深入研究,建立了不同偏心率时的静动压油膜轴承的流体域模型,通过对静动压油膜轴承流体域边界条件的设定和求解,得出了轴承偏心率变化时对其静压特性的影响。同时研究了恒流量供油系统和恒压力供油系统时的静动压油膜轴承的承载能力和静压区域压力分布,对静动压油膜轴承的设计提供了理论指导,为静动压油膜轴承静压特性的研究提供了新的思路。     

MCCR轧机油膜轴承特性仿真分析

对MCCR生产线工艺特性下油膜轴承的承载性能进行了分析,针对MCCR轧制工况,为保证油膜轴承在低速重载下的承载能力和可靠性,采用了静动压结构。为提高油膜轴承承载的计算精度,采用了CFD分析方法,实现了油膜轴承计算可视化。通过对油膜轴承疲劳寿命分析计算,验证了轴承选型满足使用要求,确保轴承在使用期限内不会发生疲劳损伤,保证了轧机运行的可靠性。     

大型汽轮机组油膜振荡的分析与处理

油膜振荡是大型汽轮机组运行过程中的常见故障之一。本文介绍了油膜振荡产生的原因，分析了油膜振荡故障的机理，增大轴承偏心率，提高轴承一阶临界转速和失稳转速均有利于防止油膜振荡。     

轧机油膜轴承的失效故障树分析

以轧机油膜轴承为研究对象,分析了引起其发生失效的各个因素,建立了轧机油膜轴承失效故障树。通过对故障树的定量分析,得出了轧机油膜轴承故障树的各阶最小割集,从而确定了锥套损坏、衬套损坏和润滑油变质为轧机油膜轴承失效的主要形式,并提出了预防轧机油膜轴承失效和提高轧机油膜轴承可靠性的相关措施。     

GMA可控油膜轴承研究进展

综述了超磁致伸缩驱动器(GMA)的结构设计以及GMA油膜轴承的研究现状。阐述了GMA油膜轴承的工作原理以及油膜轴承中专用GMA的结构特点,指出了GMA油膜轴承仍需解决的关键问题及其研究方向。为实现该轴承的工业化应用,应根据GMA油膜轴承的工作环境,建立该油膜轴承-转子系统-执行器的动力学模型,采用基于现代控制理论的各种方法,研究该可控油膜轴承的稳定性和安全性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.