纳米缺钙羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合微球的原位均匀制备

针对纳米缺钙羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖(nCDHA/CS)复合微球中,nCDHA在微球中分布不均和含量不足的问题,在油包水(W/O)体系中,运用均匀沉淀法原位制备了nCDHA/CS复合微球。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、粒度分析仪、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)等对复合微球的理化性能进行了表征。结果显示,所制得的nCDHA/CS复合微球中,nCDHA均匀分布于复合微球中,其含量高达43%;复合微球粒径分布较窄,球形度良好,分散性指数(PDI)为0.291,平均粒径18.6μm。仿生矿化结果显示,复合微球表面矿化是从nCDHA生成nHA的过程,仿生矿化14 d后,微球表面形成大量均匀的片状类骨磷灰石,表明该复合微球具有较好的生物学性能,对骨组织再生修复具有较大的潜力。     

原位纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合载药微球的制备及释放性能研究

为应对骨缺损修复过程中的细菌感染问题,利用原位法制备了具有药物缓释功能的纳米羟基磷灰石(n-HA)和壳聚糖(CS)复合微球,并与纯CS载药微球和共混法n-HA/CS复合载药微球进行对比研究。利用相差显微镜和扫描电镜对微球进行形貌观察,结果显示原位法复合载药微球表面形态和球形度均较好。对载药微球的载药率、药物包封率和体外药物释放进行了测试和分析,结果表明原位法复合载药微球载药率和药物包封率最高,分别为(0.3907±0.0203)%和(7.4221±0.3858)%,并具有明显的缓释效果。     

二氧化硅/壳聚糖复合微球的制备及性能

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出3种不同粒径的SiO₂微球，利用扫描电镜分析了微球的粒径分布情况，SiO₂微球粒径分别在140nm、208nm、336nm左右，在一定范围内，硅球的粒径随正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)/氨水的添加量增加而增大。选取粒径在336nm左右的SiO₂微球，使用硅烷偶联剂3-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)将壳聚糖(CS)接枝在SiO₂微球上，得到SiO₂@CS复合微球。通过红外光谱分析、X射线衍射等对微球进行了表征。接枝CS后对SiO₂微球的结晶特性没有影响，微球仍为无定形晶体。元素分析结果表明CS的接枝量为1.03%。使用振荡法进行抗菌测试，SiO₂@CS复合微球对金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)和大肠杆菌(E.coil)的抑菌率分别为85.52%和47.14%,表明复合微球有一定的抗菌效果。     

载微球纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合多孔支架的制备与表征

首先通过乳化法合成海藻酸钠/壳聚糖(ALG/CS)复合微球,然后将其与纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖H(n-HA/CS)复合材料混合均匀,用气体发泡法制备了载微球复合组织工程支架.并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(IR)以及转靶X射线仪(XRD)等方法对该载微球多孔支架进行分析和表征.结果表明:n-HA/CS复合材料中无机相均匀分散在连续有机基质中,复合前后两组分均未发生明显变化;制备的载微球多孔支架中孔隙分布均匀,孔间贯通性良好,孔隙率较高;而其中的微球均呈球状,直径分布在150～350μm之间;微球表面粗糙且有大量微孔,载药后将利于药物的释放;微球在整个支架中分布均匀,而且与n-HA/CS基体材料间亲和性较高.本研究将为骨或软骨缺损提供一种性能优良且具有药物缓释功能的组织工程支架.     

空心羟基磷灰石亚微球/壳聚糖可注射水凝胶的制备及表征

采用W/O/W复乳法制备空心羟基磷灰石(HAP)亚微球,将空心HAP亚微球均匀分布在壳聚糖/甘油磷酸钠(CS/GP)体系中制备可注射HAP/CS水凝胶(gel 1),同时制备可注射CS水凝胶(gel 2).用X射线衍射仪、场发射透射电镜、红外光谱、扫描电镜对空心HAP亚微球和水凝胶进行了表征,并比较分析了两种溶胶的成胶...     

壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇复合纳米导电纤维的制备及性能表征

以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和纳米石墨粉(G)为原料,利用静电纺丝技术分别制备了壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇共混纳米纤维及壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/纳米石墨粉复合纳米纤维,采用原位聚合法在纤维表面聚合导电聚合物聚苯胺,得到具有优良导电性能的聚合CS/PVA和聚合CS/PVA/G复合纳米纤维。通过扫描镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱等测试手段对纤维的形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明,聚苯胺均匀包覆在经原位聚合的复合纳米纤维表面,提高了纤维的导电性能,纳米石墨粉与聚苯胺形成插入化合物进一步提高了纤维的导电性能。     

相分离法构建聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合纳米纤维支架及性能

通过液.液相分离法构建纳米纤维聚左旋乳酸/蚋米羟基磷灰石(NF-PLLA/nHA)仿生复合支架,利用扫描电镜、压缩测试、微量二喹啉甲酸(BCA)法、X射线衍射及差示扫描量热等手段对其进行表征.结果显示,nHA均匀馕嵌在PLLA纳米纤维间隙中,不影响其纳米纤维结构且明显提高力学性能.同时,nHA的引入还能增加对牛血清白蛋...     

Ni/PS核壳结构纳米复合微球的制备及磁性能

采用乳液聚合法制备了纳米级聚苯乙烯微球,利用化学沉积法在微球表面镀镍,制备出了具有磁性的金属/高分子(Ni/PS)纳米复合微球。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和能量色散谱仪(EDS)分别对镀镍前后纳米微球的形貌结构、相组成、化学成分进行表征分析,用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试了不同制备工艺条件下复合微球的磁学性能。结果表明,活化工艺、还原剂浓度、镀液pH值和温度对镀后复合微球的磁性能有显著影响。根据磁性能结果,优化工艺参数,制备了具有规则球形、单分散性好、粒径约为100nm、镀层完整、均匀的磁性Ni/PS核壳结构纳米复合微球,并获得最大的饱和磁化强度Ms=8.8764emu/g。     

原位悬浮乳液聚合制备聚苯胺/纳米金刚石复合微球及结构表征

利用原位乳液聚合的方法合成得到了聚苯胺(PANI)/纳米金刚石复合微球.用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差热(Tg-DTA)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、粒径分析(PSD)、比表面积分析(BET)、红外光谱(FT-IR)及紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)等技术分别对获得的PANI/纳米金刚石复合微球进行了结构、形貌、表面表征.结果表明,在PANI/纳米金刚石复合微球中,纳米金刚石为立方相,复合微球介于10～30nm,粒径分布窄,分散性良好,比表面积可达270m2/g,且具有较好的热稳定性.结构分析证实在PANI/纳米金刚石复合物中,PANI与纳米金刚石之间存在氢键键合机制.     

磁性荧光双功能纳米材料Fe_3O_4/CS@CQDs的制备与表征

以化学共沉淀法制备出Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子,通过壳聚糖(CS)修饰制备得Fe_3O_4/CS磁性微球,再将Fe_3O_4/CS磁性微球与表面富含羧基的碳量子点(CQDs)连接,合成了以碳量子点为荧光材料的磁性荧光双功能纳米微球Fe_3O_4/CS@CQDs。经过红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、荧光分光光度计、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、荧光显微镜及透射电子显微镜(TEM)对该纳米材料表征。结果表明:双功能纳米微球Fe_3O_4/CS@CQDs饱和磁化强度达到13.66emu/g,分散性良好,粒径约为45nm,具有良好的荧光性能及磁响应性,有望取代以半导体量子点作为荧光材料的磁性复合材料,在生物医学等方面得到广泛应用。     

纳米羟基磷灰石/丝素蛋白/聚己内酯复合超细纤维的制备及表征

通过静电纺丝法制备出纳米羟基磷灰石/丝素蛋白/聚己内酯复合超细纤维,利用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪对纳米羟基磷灰石/丝素蛋白/聚己内酯复合超细纤维形貌和结构进行表征,并进行了拉伸测试。结果表明,随着超细纤维中羟基磷灰石含量的增加,纤维的直径逐渐降低,纤维中聚己内酯的结晶逐渐变差。相比于丝素蛋白/聚己内酯超细纤维,含有质量比为30%羟基磷灰石的复合超细纤维仍具有较好的力学性能。体外小鼠成纤维细胞(L929)培养表明,纳米羟基磷灰石/丝素蛋白/聚己内酯复合超细纤维对细胞没有毒性。     

纳米羟基磷灰石/玉米醇溶蛋白复合超细纤维的制备与性能

利用静电纺丝制备出纳米羟基磷灰石(nHA)/玉米醇溶蛋白(zein)复合超细纤维。通过场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜观察了纳米羟基磷灰石/玉米醇溶蛋白复合超细纤维的形貌;利用红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪对纳米羟基磷灰石/玉米醇溶蛋白复合超细纤维结构和性能进行表征,并进行了拉伸测试。结果表明,随着超细纤维中羟基磷灰石含量的增加,纤维的直径先减小后增大,纤维中纳米羟基磷灰石的结晶逐渐变好。相比于玉米醇溶蛋白超细纤维,含有质量分数为25%羟基磷灰石的复合超细纤维仍具有较好的力学性能。     

Preparation and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite/polymer composite scaffolds

Polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CS) porous composite scaffolds were prepared by solution phase separation method, and the scaffolds were further enhanced by filling with nano-hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol (n-HA/PVA) composite slurry to prepare n-HA-PVA/PCL-CS composite porous scaffolds through slurry centrifugal filling technique. The morphology, microstructure, component, porosity and mechanical property of the scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, elemental analyzer and material test machine. The results show that PCL/CS scaffolds have mutual transfixion porous structure just like honeycombs. The porosity of the scaffolds can achieve 60-80%. As the content of CS increases, the porosity increases while the compressive strength decreases. After filled with HA/PVA composite slurry, the porosity of n-HA/PCL-CS composite scaffolds decreases, but still greater than 60%, while the compression modulus can increase to 25.7 MPa.     

Nano-HA涂层与HA/CTS复合涂层抑制胶质母细胞瘤细胞活力作用的比较

实验采用电化学沉积法在钛合金表面制备了纳米羟基磷灰石涂层(nHA)、纳米和微米级羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合涂层(nHA/CTS,mHA/CTS),并应用XRD、SEM和FTIR对涂层的理化特性进行了表征。然后将人脑胶质母细胞瘤细胞系U87(U87)与3种涂层共培养,并比较3种涂层诱导U87细胞凋亡的能力。通过MTT法细胞生长抑制实验检测以及电镜下膜层表面细胞形态观察,发现nHA膜层比nHA/CTS和mHA/CTS能更有效地抑制胶质瘤细胞的增殖,具有明显的体外抗肿瘤作用。     

氧化海藻酸钠交联壳聚糖载药复合体系的制备及其药物缓释初步研究

为获得一种新型的药物释放复合体系,本实验首先通过乳化交联法制备壳聚糖(CS)包载四环素(TC)微球,然后利用氧化海藻酸钠交联聚磷酸钙/壳聚糖(CPP/CS)复合材料,用冷冻干燥法制备了载药微球复合体系.并用傅立叶红外光谱仪(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)及药物的体外释放等方法对该载药微球复合体系进行分析和表征.结果显示,经...     

Formation of nano-hydroxyapatite crystal in situ in chitosan–pectin polyelectrolyte complex network

Hydroxyapatite (HA)/polysaccharide composites have been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to their chemical similarity to natural bone. Polymer matrix-mediated synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite is one of the simplest models for biomimetic. In this article, the nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan–pectin (nHCP) composites were prepared through in situ mineralization of hydroxyapatite in chitosan–pectin polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) network. The formation processes of nHCP were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The interactions between nHA crystal and chitosan–pectin PEC networks were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The morphology and structure of nHA crystal were characterized by XRD and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Results suggested that the interfacial interactions between nano-hydroxyapatite crystal and chitosan–pectin PEC network assist the site specific nucleation and growth of nHA nanoparticles. The nHA crystals grow along the c-axis. In this process, pH value is the main factor to control the nucleation and growth of nHA crystal in chitosan–pectin PEC networks, because both the interactions' strength between nHA crystal and chitosan–pectin and diffusion rate of inorganic ions depend on the pH value of the reaction system. Apart from the pH value, the chitosan/pectin ratio and [Ca²⁺] also take important effects on the formation of nHA crystal. An effective way to control the size of nHA crystal is to adjust the content of pectin and [Ca²⁺]. It is interesting that the Zeta potential of nHCP composites is about ? 30 mV when the chitosan/pectin ratio ≦ 1:1, and the dispersion solution of nHCP composites has higher stability, which provides the possibility to prepare 3D porous scaffolds with nHCP for bone tissue engineering.     

A novel photothermally controlled multifunctional scaffold for clinical treatment of osteosarcoma and tissue regeneration

After an osteosarcoma excision, recurrence, large bone defects, and soft tissue injury are significant challenges for clinicians. Conventional treatment by implanting bone replacement materials can induce bone regeneration after surgery, but this does not prevent bleeding, promote soft tissue repair, or help destroy the residual tumor cells. We attempted to develop a new multifunctional scaffold, with the clinical goals of facilitating tumor cell death through thermal ablation and promoting osteogenesis. Accordingly, we first investigated the effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide (nHA/GO) composite particles with different proportions on human osteosarcoma cells (HOS), pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) with or without 808-nm near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Next, we fabricated a novel temperature-controlled multifunctional nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide/chitosan (nHA/GO/CS) scaffold, which can effectively kill human osteosarcoma cells under 808-nm NIR irradiation by reaching a temperature of 48 °C and further promote osteogenesis of hBMSC at 42 ± 0.5 °C in coordination with nHA. This scaffold demonstrates the best post-operative bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio performance (20.36%) 8 weeks after scaffold implantation in the cranial defects of rats. Further exploration has revealed that NIR irradiation may promote the osteogenesis of hBMSC with the addition of nHA by enhancing the BMP2/Smad signaling pathway. Further, this scaffold has a good hemostatic effect and facilitates soft tissue repair under irradiation. This novel photothermally controlled multifunctional scaffold, which not only kills human osteosarcoma cells but also facilitates tissue regeneration, is a promising clinical tool for treating tissue injuries from an osteosarcoma resection.     

Characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds fabricated without the use of organic solvents for bone tissue engineering applications

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/nano-hydroxyapatite (PHB/nHA) composite scaffolds were fabricated without the use of organic solvents at different mass fractions of HA nanoparticles. HA nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed as primary particles in the polymer matrix of the scaffolds at 10 and 15 wt.% nHA content. Agglomeration of HA nanoparticles occurred when the nHA content of the scaffolds reached 20 wt.%. All the scaffolds had high porosities with interconnected porous structure and optimized pore size ranges. Mechanical properties of all the scaffolds were in the range of mechanical properties of cancellous bone. Scaffolds were biocompatible to MG-63 cells in the indirect method of cytotoxicity evaluation. Also, the morphology of the attached MG-63 cells in direct contact with the scaffolds indicated the appropriate cell-scaffold interaction. Thus, the PHB/nHA composite scaffolds investigated in this study tend to be favorable for bone tissue engineering applications.     

Preparation and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite GBR membrane with asymmetric porous structure

In this study, a nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA/PA66) composite with good biocompatibility and high bioactivity is employed to develop novel asymmetric structure porous membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR). FT-IR and XRD analyses suggest that chemical bonds are formed between nHA and PA66 both in composite powders and membranes. The fabricated membranes show gradient porous structure. SEM analysis reveal that pores less than 10 μm and pores with a size ranging from 30 μm to 200 μm distribute in the micropore layer and the spongy structure layer, respectively. The surface energy determination also reveals that the fabricated membranes have asymmetric surface properties on the two sides of the membrane. The incorporation of nHA in PA66 matrix improves the properties of the membrane. The elongation at break and the tensile strength of nHA/PA66-40 suggest that the composite membrane has good strength and toughness. The rough porous structure surface with high surface energy of nHA/PA66 composite membrane may be beneficial to promote cells immobility and differentiation into a mature phenotype producing mineralized matrix. The biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoconductivity, asymmetric porous structure, mechanical properties and hydrophilicity of the composite membrane can meet the requirement of GBR technique.