双马来酰亚胺树脂固化的催化体系及催化机理

综述了目前国内外用于催化双马来酰亚胺树脂(BMI)固化以降低树脂固化温度的方法及机理,包括热引发固化,自由基引发剂、阴离子催化剂及纳米颗粒催化剂引发固化等。     

热固性聚（氨酯－酰亚胺）玻璃布层压板的制备及性能

本文以两种含不同氨酯键结构的双马来酰亚胺ＢＭＵ－Ｈ和ＢＭＵ－Ｔ作为基体树脂。考察了这种新型双马来酰亚胺树脂的固化行为和固化物的耐热性，对热固性聚（氨酯－酰亚胺）玻璃布层压板的制备与性能进行了研究，实验结构表明：合氨酯键双马来酰亚胺树脂固化温区较低，而固化物的耐热温度指数分别为２１３℃（ＢＭＵ－Ｈ）和２１０℃（ＢＭＵ－Ｔ），表现出良好的耐热性。制备的树脂溶液和玻璃布预浸料具有很好的贮存稳定性和成型加工性能，压制得的玻璃布层压板具有良好的综合性能。     

热固性聚（氨酯—酰亚胺）玻璃布层压板的制备及性能

本文以两种含不同氨酯键结构的双马酰亚胺ＢＭＵ－Ｈ和ＢＭＵ－Ｔ作为基体树脂。考察了这种新型双马来酰亚胺树的固化行为和固化物的耐热性，对热固性聚（氨酯－酰亚胺）玻璃布层压板的制备与性能了研究，实验结构表明，含氨酸键双马来酰亚胺树脂固化温区较低，而固化物的耐热温度指数分别为２１３℃（ＢＭＵ－Ｈ）和２１０℃（ＢＭＵ－Ｔ）表现出良好的耐热性，制备的树脂溶液和玻璃布预浸料具有很好的贮存稳定性和成型加工性能，压     

烯丙基酚醛改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备与性能

合成并表征了烯丙基酚醛树脂,再将其与双马来酰亚胺共聚制备了烯丙基酚醛改性双马树脂。通过DSC和FTIR分析了该树脂的固化行为,研究了其工艺性,利用TGA和DMA评价了其固化物的耐热性。结果表明,烯丙基酚醛树脂改性双马树脂可用于RTM等成型工艺,其固化物Tg约为330℃,初始热分解温度约400℃,5%失重温度达410℃,10%失重温度423℃。该树脂耐热性优异,可用作耐高温先进复合材料的基体树脂。     

低温固化双马来酰亚胶树脂基体研究──引发剂的作用

本文以典型的ＸＵ２９２双马体系作为研究对象，选用引发剂加速树脂的固化反应，以期得到低温固化耐热的双马树脂体系。研究结果表明，引发剂能很有效地降低双马树脂的固化温度，低温固化阶段比高温固化阶段对树脂耐热性的影响更大。经１２０℃／８ｈ＋１４０℃／２ｈ＋１６０℃／２ｈ固化树脂的热变形温度为２６６℃，再经１８０℃／８ｈ的后处理，热变形温度达到３００℃。     

低温固化双马来酰亚胺树脂基体研究—引发剂的作用

本文以典型的ＸＵ２９２双马体系为研究对象，选用引发剂加速树脂的固化反应，以期得到低温化耐热的双马树脂体，研究结果表明，引发剂能很有效地降低马树脂的固化温度，低温固化阶段比高温固化阶段对树脂耐热性的影响更大，经１２０℃／８ｈ＋１４０℃／２ｈ＋１６０℃／２ｈ固化树脂的热变形温度为２６６℃再经１８０℃／８ｈ的后处理，热变形温度达到３００℃     

酚醛型环氧树脂增韧双马来酰亚胺的研究

本文研究了二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺（ＢＭＩ），４，４’－二胺基二苯基甲烷（ＤＤＭ）及酚醛型环氧树脂（Ｆ－５１）的共固化－交联网络结构的ＢＭＩ树脂改性系统。它具有耐高温，韧性好，吸水率低和易于固化的特性。固而有可能成为新型耐高温复合材料的树脂基体之一。     

BMI/Am/ER溶液共聚热固性耐高温树指研究

本文研究了由双马来酰亚胺(BMI),芳香胺(Am)和环氧树脂(ER)通过溶液共聚制备的均相树脂液,阐述了这一可用作耐热胶粘剂、绝缘和复合材料基体的树脂体系从预聚合到热固化的反应,讨论了原料比例、单元胺和固化温度等因素对溶液的均相稳定性和固化树脂的耐热性和粘接性等性能的影响。     

晶须改性二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺树脂体系的研究

以硼酸铝晶须、钛酸钾晶须为增强剂，以N，N′-二胺基二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺(BMI)／O，O′-二烯丙基双酚A(BA)体系作为基体，采用浇注成型工艺制备了晶须增强二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺树脂基复合材料。研究了晶须对树脂体系凝胶特性的影响，晶须对体系固化反应性的影响；晶须的种类、表面处理方法、含量对树脂体系力学性能和热性能的影响；树脂体系的固化工艺材料对性能的影响。结果表明，晶须对树脂体系固化工艺影响不大；硼酸铝晶须增强效果优于钛酸钾晶须；偶联剂以丙酮作溶剂处理的效果优于乙醇水溶液，酸化溶剂的效果更好；晶须可明显改善体系的力学性能和耐热性，在晶须添加量为15％左右时，所得体系的综合性能较好；改进的固化工艺有助于树脂体系性能的改善。在本研究中，弯曲强度最大提高了约18％，热变形温度最大提高了12％。     

双马来酰亚胺/烯丙基双酚A共聚树脂的改性研究

本文对典型的4，4’－二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺／3，3’－二烯丙基双酚A（BMI／DP）共聚树脂进行改性。结果表明，使用热引发剂能有效地降低树脂固化反应温度，但所得固化物脆性变大；共混热塑性树脂的增韧效果优于软相橡胶增韧；加入少量的环氧树脂或低粘度活性单体改性剂有利于纤维预浸料工艺性的改善。     

韧性马来酰亚胺树脂的合成

文中介绍了三类新型的马来酰亚胶树脂——甲基取代双马来酰亚胺、环氧型双马来酰亚胺树脂及本征增韧型马来酰亚胶树脂。对其树脂、固化树脂及其复合材料的性能进行了详细的研究，得到了性能较佳的树脂体系。     

高性能环氧树脂基体的发展

综述了高性能环氧树脂的制备方法和性能。介绍了几种高性能的环氧树脂固化体系 ,新型的耐湿热性的环氧树脂 ,氰酸酯改性环氧树脂 ,液晶环氧树脂 ,双马来酰亚胺改性环氧树脂等     

Bismaleimide Systems for High-Performance Radomes

Three modified bismaleimide resin systems (designated as systems I, II, and III) for high-performance radomes are introduced. Their glass transition temperatures are 274°, 268°, and 265°C, respectively; and their dielectric loss tangents at 10 GHz are 0.0117, 0.0108, and 0.0118, respectively. System I and system II are suitable for hot-pressing process; and system III, which has attractive processing characteristics, is suitable for resin transfer molding (RTM). The injection temperature of system III is room temperature, at which its viscosity is only 0.38 Pa·sec. In addition, its working life is more than 40 h. Properties of neat resins and composites are investigated; all data show that they have good thermal and mechanical properties as well as excellent dielectric properties. These indicate that the three modified bismaleimide resins can be used as matrix resins for advanced radomes.     

A New Single Fiber/Resin Interface Test for Highly Cross-Linked Resin Systems

A new single fiber/resin interface test technique has been developed to test fibers in highly cross-linked resins that were difficult to characterize before. The new approach was based on the fracture mechanics considerations to allow brittle thin resin film with embedded single fiber to undergo large strain elongation. This was achieved by sandwiching the resin between high elongation epoxy doublers. Several systems with graphite fibers in highly cross-linked epoxy and bismaleimide resins were successfully characterized for strains up to 6%. Because of the thin resin film used, even matrix materials with limited transparency in bulk form could easily be tested. At sufficiently high strains, the fiber/resin systems showed interface-related behavior consistent with their edge delamination performance previously studied.     

A New Single Fiber/Resin Interface Test for Highly Cross-Linked Resin Systems

A new single fiber/resin interface test technique has been developed to test fibers in highly cross-linked resins that were difficult to characterize before. The new approach was based on the fracture mechanics considerations to allow brittle thin resin film with embedded single fiber to undergo large strain elongation. This was achieved by sandwiching the resin between high elongation epoxy doublers. Several systems with graphite fibers in highly cross-linked epoxy and bismaleimide resins were successfully characterized for strains up to 6%. Because of the thin resin film used, even matrix materials with limited transparency in bulk form could easily be tested. At sufficiently high strains, the fiber/resin systems showed interface-related behavior consistent with their edge delamination performance previously studied.     

聚醚酰亚胺对共聚双马来酰亚胺树脂的增韧作用

采用二烯丙基双酚A、烯丙基酚醛改性4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺共聚制备了一类新型的双马来酰亚胺树脂(简称ABD)。以ABD为基体,选用热塑性树脂聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为增韧剂,采用共混法制备了共聚双马来酰亚胺/聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)树脂体系。采用DSC和流变仪对ABD树脂的固化行为进行了研究,结果表明,该树脂粘度较低,室温下为液态,树脂的冲击强度为8.99 kJ/m2。通过DMA、TGA和扫描电镜对PEI加入量对树脂热性能和微观形貌的影响表明,添加质量分数为15%聚醚酰亚胺时,树脂冲击强度达到16.9 kJ/m2,比基体树脂提高了88%。     

双马来酰亚胺树脂/二胺体系溶解性改性研究

在二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂中加入少量改性剂A可制得1种能溶于丙酮的双马来酰亚胺树脂。研究结果表明,室温下该预聚体在丙酮中具有优良的溶解性及良好的贮存稳定性。预聚体可配成质量分数为58%~70%溶液,下限临界质量分数Wc<31.3%,满足复合材料基体浸渍液的浓度要求。此外,该预聚体具有较高的反应性能和耐热性,有望用作高性能复合材料的候选基体树脂。     

双马来酰亚胺树脂的增韧改性研究

综述了目前双马来酰亚胺树脂增韧改性的主要方法，并对其工艺改性提出建议。增韧改性主要通过分子结构的改变或形态控制来实现。这些方法有原位聚合法增韧改性、二元胺扩链增韧改性、高性能热塑性树脂增韧改性、烯丙基化合物增韧改性、BMI内扩链法增韧改性和液晶增韧改性等方法。并对我国双马来酰亚胺树脂改性的研究现状及其发展趋势作了探讨。     

低温固化烯丙基酚氧树脂／双马来酰亚胺树脂的研究

为降低双马来酰亚胺树脂的固化温度,用2-甲基咪唑（2-MI）为烯丙基酚氧树脂／双马来酰亚胺树脂体系的固化催化剂,测试了改性树脂体系的凝胶化时间、力学性能和热性能,并探讨了催化剂含量对树脂性能的影响。结果表明,当催化剂质量分数为05％时,体系性能最佳。冲击强度为26．39kJ／m2,弯曲强度为14485MPa,热变形温度为202℃,树脂具有良好的韧性,并保持了优异的耐热性。