780MPa级热镀锌用TRIP钢退火工艺及组织演变

研究了热镀锌用高强TRIP钢的退火工艺对性能的影响和组织演变规律.结果表明:实验用钢可获得780.00MPa以上的抗拉强度和24.00%以上的断后延伸率;两相区加热温度和贝氏体保温时间对钢的力学性能具有显著影响,两相区加热温度为850℃,贝氏体保温时间为30s时,实验用钢能获得最佳的综合力学性能;在贝氏体中温相变后,仍有部分亚稳奥氏体(碳含量较低)在后续冷却过程中发生马氏体相变,从而导致钢退火后的微观组织由铁素体、贝氏体、残余奥氏体和马氏体组成.     

固溶温度对中锰TRIP钢组织与力学性能的影响

以w(Mn)=8%的热轧TRIP钢(即相变诱导塑性钢)为对象,研究了热处理工艺对其显微组织与力学性能的影响规律.该中锰TRIP钢在固溶温度为800℃时,可获得包括铁素体、马氏体、残余奥氏体的多相组织.与一般TRIP钢相比,其力学性能明显提高,在固溶加回火的条件下,实验钢的抗拉强度为800～1 000 MPa,延伸率达到31%～40%,而强塑积达(30～32)GPa%.     

退火温度对超细晶中锰TRIP钢组织性能的影响

为研究连续退火工艺生产中锰TRIP钢汽车板的可行性,在钢板连续退火模拟机CCT-AY-域上研究了590~710℃不同退火温度下保温3 min对低碳中锰钢组织性能的影响.利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、电子背散射衍射和X射线能谱分析等微观分析方法对实验钢进行了组织结构和成分表征,利用X射线衍射法测量了残余奥氏体量,通过拉伸试验机测试了钢的单轴拉伸性能.结果表明:保温3 min时,随着保温温度的升高,残奥含量先增加后减少.在650℃退火时断后伸长率（21.3%）和强塑积（28 GPa·%）获得最大值,抗拉强度达到1330 MPa.马氏体基体通过回复,而残余奥氏体通过孪晶,获得超细晶组织.亚稳奥氏体的TRIP效应和超细晶铁素体（马氏体）共同提供了实验钢高的塑性.实验钢真实应力-应变曲线上呈现锯齿状现象,且稳定阶段加工硬化指数远高于传统TRIP钢.      

连续退火的无Si TRIP钢的组织和力学性能

在实验室用Gleeble3500热模拟试验机制备了一种无Si TRIP钢.利用拉伸试验机、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射以及热膨胀仪对其力学性能、微观组织和相变规律进行研究,在此基础上分析了贝氏体相变温度和时间对力学性能和残余奥氏体的影响.无Si TRIP钢呈现出良好的整体力学性能,抗拉强度分布在740~810 MPa,延伸率均在25%以上,最高可达32%以上;贝氏体等温温度为420℃时能获得最佳的综合力学性能,抗拉强度随贝氏体相变时间增加而下降,延伸率随之上升,而屈服强度没有显著变化.无Si TRIP制的铁素体晶粒大小约为3~4μm,比含Si TRIP钢铁素体晶粒细小;残余奥氏体的体积分数在8%~10%,比含Si TRIP钢低约3%;420℃保温300 s后贝氏体相变基本结束,而碳的扩散仍然在进行;无Si TRIP钢贝氏体相变速率比含Si TRIP钢快,贝氏体相变总量也更多.      

临界退火温度对中锰TRIP钢组织和性能的影响

采用淬火热膨胀仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射和拉伸试验机对0.2C-5Mn TRIP钢临界区相变行为、微观组织及力学性能进行了研究,并运用Factsage软件对0.2C-5Mn TRIP钢在临界区的相变热力学进行了计算,在此基础上讨论了临界区相变过程的特点。研究结果表明,临界区逆转奥氏体含量随着临界退火温度的升高而逐渐增加,逆转奥氏体中碳含量先增加后减少,Mn含量逐渐下降,逆转奥氏体热稳定性也逐渐下降。当临界退火温度为700℃时,在冷却过程中发生明显的马氏体相变;随着临界退火温度增加,渗碳体逐渐溶解,但由于相变时间较短,渗碳体无法完全溶解;当临界退火温度为600~675℃时,临界退火后的微观组织由铁素体、渗碳体和残余奥氏体构成。当临界退火温度为700℃时,临界退火后的组织由铁素体、残余奥氏体、马氏体以及少量未溶解的渗碳体构成;随着临界退火温度的升高,实验钢的工程应力-应变曲线变化显著,在675℃退火3min后获得最佳的力学性能,抗拉强度为1 138MPa,断后伸长率为23%。     

TA10钛合金板材的热处理工艺研究

为了使热轧TA10钛合金板材的塑性指标能够满足后续爆炸复合工艺的要求,对3 mm厚热轧TA10钛合金板材进行了不同温度和不同保温时间的退火热处理,研究退火温度和保温时间对其组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,热轧态TA10钛合金板材经(700~750)℃×(30~60)min/AC热处理后可以得到较为均匀的等轴α相组织和较好的综合力学性能,满足爆炸复合用钛板的使用要求。     

工艺参数对800 MPa热镀锌双相钢组织性能的影响

 在实验室试制了低Si 的C Mn Cr Mo系的800 MPa级冷轧热镀锌双相钢,研究了卷取温度、退火温度、退火时间等工艺参数对双相钢微观组织和力学性能的影响。试验结果表明：试验用钢在820~850 ℃退火,保温100 s以上,抗拉强度可以达到800 MPa级以上。随着退火温度的升高,强度升高,但综合性能以退火温度为820 ℃时为最佳。在820 ℃退火时,随着保温时间的增加,双相钢的强度显著增加,当保温时间超过100 s以后,强度增加缓慢。690 ℃高温卷取有利于获得最终力学性能良好的双相钢组织。     

退火时间对冷轧中锰TRIP钢组织和力学性能的影响

采用CCT-AY-Ⅱ型钢板连续退火机模拟分析了退火时间对中锰TRIP钢0.1C-7Mn组织性能的影响规律.利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、电子背散射衍射和X射线能量色散谱等研究了不同工艺下制备的0.1C-7Mn钢的微观组织和成分,利用X射线衍射法测量了残留奥氏体量,利用拉伸试验测试了其力学性能.0.1C-7Mn钢在650℃保温3 min退火后获得最佳的综合力学性能,其强度为1329 MPa,总延伸率为21.3%,强塑积为28 GPa·%.分析认为,0.1C-7Mn钢的高塑性是由亚稳奥氏体的TRIP效应和超细晶铁素体共同提供的,而高强度是由退火冷却过程中奥氏体转变的马氏体和拉伸变形过程中TRIP效应转变的马氏体的强化作用造成的.      

贝氏体等温温度对超高强冷轧TRIP钢组织性能的影响

将C-Si-Mn钢加热至800℃保温120 s后,分别快速冷却至350～410℃保温600 s以模拟贝氏体等温转变工艺。通过扫描电镜(SEM)和拉伸测试的方法研究了贝氏体等温温度对超高强相变诱导塑性钢(TRIP钢)微观组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,冷轧TRIP钢的微观组织由铁素体、贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体组成;贝氏体和残余奥氏体形成于等温转变阶段,而马氏体形成于等温后的终冷阶段。随着贝氏体等温温度增加,固溶C原子扩散系数提高,促进残余奥氏体中碳化物的析出。因此,奥氏体中的平均固溶C含量降低,使得TRIP钢残余奥氏体分数降低,马氏体体积分数增加。贝氏体等温温度由350℃增加至410℃时,TRIP钢屈服强度由720 MPa降低至573 MPa,抗拉强度由1 195 MPa提高至1 312 MPa,伸长率A_(80)由17.8%降低至12.5%。贝氏体等温温度为350℃时,冷轧TRIP钢具有优良的综合力学性能,强塑积达到21 270 MPa·%。     

7.9Mn-1.4Si-0.07C钢高强韧机理研究

通过热轧、温轧、奥氏体化、两相区退火处理得到7.9Mn-1.4Si-0.07C钢板,该材料的拉伸强度及塑性随奥氏体化温度不同而具有显著差异.奥氏体化温度降低,室温下奥氏体含量升高,综合力学性能提高.当奥氏体化温度由900℃降低为800℃时,所得到钢板的奥氏体体积分数由15%增加到28%,拉伸强度由1 150 MPa提高到1 340 MPa,塑性由21%提高至27%.实验钢优异的力学性能源于其中大量的超细铁素体及奥氏体,细晶强化使其具有超高强度,铁素体基体及变形过程中奥氏体向马氏体相变提供了良好的塑性.基体组织中的位错强化,形变诱导马氏体转变的TRIP效应等是增强该钢板加工硬化能力的主要因素.     

Effect of warm- rolling and intercritical annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium- Mn steel

Effect of warm- rolling and subsequent intercritical annealing time at 650?? on microstructure and mechanical properties of a medium- Mn steel 0. 1C- 5Mn was investigated by using uniaxial tensile testing, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X- ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results show that a duplex microstructure having both equiaxed and lamellar morphologies of reverted austenite and ferrite is obtained after intercritical annealing of the warm- rolled steel sheet. The amount of reverted austenite and its size increase with increasing annealing time, which causes a decrease of the mechanical stability of austenite and thus an increase of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) while a decrease of yield strength, total elongation (TEL) and the product of UTS to TEL (UTS??TEL). An excellent combination of strength and ductility of 40GPa??% could be obtained after a short time annealing of 5min. The combination of strength and ductility (UTS??TEL) could be increased by about 20% for the warm- rolled steel sheet compared to that of the cold- rolled steel sheet. It is thus proposed that warm- rolling is a promising way to simplify the traditional multi- stage rolling and annealing processes of medium- Mn steels as well as further enhancing it mechanical properties.     

逆相变退火对连铸坯组织和力学性能的影响

 研究了逆相变退火温度对0.1C5Mn钢连铸坯的组织结构和力学性能的影响规律,采用SEM进行组织结构的表征,利用XRD技术分析连铸坯退火后奥氏体含量,并测试了退火试样的力学拉伸性能。试验结果表明,连铸坯退火过程中发生奥氏体逆转变且在较低退火温度下有少量碳化物析出,随着退火温度升高,奥氏体含量先增加后减少,析出物逐渐溶解消失。提高退火温度可以显著提高试验钢的抗拉强度但却降低它的屈服强度,另外随退火温度升高,断后伸长率和强塑积先增高后降低。在625~650℃退火,可以获得20%~25%的伸长率。研究结果说明利用逆转变退火可以大幅度提高中锰钢铸坯的力学性能。     

Influence of intercritical annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium Mn TRIP steel

The transformation, microstructure and mechanical properties of the 0. 2C- 5Mn TRIP steel after intercritical annealing were investigated using dilatometer, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X- ray diffraction (XRD), and tensile testing machine. The phase transformation thermodynamics of the investigated steel after intercritical annealing was calculated by Factsage software and the characteristics of the transformation were discussed. The results show that the reversed austenite content increases with the increasing of the intercritical annealing temperature, the carbon content in reversed austenite firstly increases and then decreases, manganese content in reversed austenite decreases, which results in the decreasing of the thermal stability of reversed austenite. When the intercritical annealing temperature is 700??, an obvious martensitic transformation occurs during the cooling process. With the increasing of intercritical annealing temperature, cementite is gradually dissolved, but it cannot be completely dissolved due to the short transformation time. When the intercritical annealing temperature is 600-675??, the microstructure after intercritical annealing consists of ferrite, cementite and retained austenite. When the intercritical annealing temperature is 700??, the microstructure after intercritical annealing consists of ferrite, retained austenite, martensite and a small amount of undissolved cementite. The engineering stress and strain curves of the investigated steel are significantly changed with increasing intercritical annealing temperature. At the same time, the optimal mechanical properties with tensile strength of 1138MPa and total elongation of 23% can be obtained after annealed at 675?? for 3min.     

两相区退火温度对TRIP钢组织性能的影响

 针对600 MPa级别TRIP钢,进行了760、780、800、820、840、860 ℃两相区退火温度试验,利用扫描电镜和拉伸试验机等设备,分析了其对应的组织比例和力学性能检验结果,得出结论：随着两相区退火温度的升高,铁素体体积分数逐渐减少,钢板的抗拉强度值不断增加,但伸长率值却先下降再升高,在820 ℃伸长率有最大值,这与820 ℃时较高残余奥氏体体积分数和最大残奥中碳质量分数相对应,说明TRIP效应可以改善钢板的塑性指标,获得最佳强塑组合;在800～820 ℃的两相区转变温度范围内,强塑积可以达到2.17×104 MPa·%,为600 MPa级TRIP钢退火工艺提供了实际指导。     

Enhanced mechanical properties of dual-phase steel by repetitive intercritical annealing

The effect of repetitive intercritical annealing on the mechanical properties and work-hardening response of a typical C–Mn dual-phase (DP) steel was studied by consideration of different pre-intercritical annealing microstructures and martensite volume fractions. It was revealed that the DP steels produced from the initial martensitic microstructure have much better mechanical properties compared with those originated from the ferritic–pearlitic banded microstructure. The repetitive intercritical annealing of the initial martensitic microstructure was effective for the enhancement of strength–ductility balance, where at a comparable ductility; a twofold increase in the tensile strength was obtained. Finally, these results were discussed based on the Crussard–Jaoul work-hardening rate analysis.     

Effects of heat treatment and alloying elements on the microstructures and mechanical properties of 0.15 wt pct C transformation-induced plasticity-aided cold-rolled steel sheets

The main emphasis of this study has been placed on understanding the effects of manganese and silicon additions and of heat-treatment (intercritical annealing and isothermal treatment) conditions on the microstructures and mechanical properties of 0.15 wt pct C transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-aided cold-rolled steel sheets. The steel sheets were intercritically annealed and isothermally treated at the bainitic region. Microstructural observation and tensile tests were conducted, and volume fractions of retained austenite were measured. Steels having a high manganese content had higher retained austenite fractions than the steels having a low manganese content, but showed characteristics of a dual-phase steel such as continuous yielding behavior, high tensile strength over 1000 MPa, and a low elongation of about 20 pct. The retained austenite fractions and mechanical properties varied with the heat-treatment conditions. In particular, the retained austenite fractions increased with decreasing intercritical annealing and isothermal treatment temperatures, thereby resulting in the improvement of the elongation and strength-ductility balance without a serious decrease in the yield or tensile strength. These findings suggested that the intercritical annealing and isothermal treatment conditions should be established in consideration of the stability of austenite and the solubility of alloying elements in the austenite formed during the intercritical annealing.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Manganese TRIP Steel

 Abstract： Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of newly designed 01C-6Mn-05Si-1Al TRIP-aided steels under different annealing conditions and the effects of matrix microstructure before intercritical annealing on the final microstructure were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microcopy (SEM), dilatometric simulation, optical microstructure (OM) and tensile testing in this work. The experimental results indicate that the TRIP steel with Mn of 6% could form a considerable amount of retained austenite with good TRIP effect after a simple intercritical annealing treatment, and the matrix microstructure before intercritical annealing treatment can greatly affect the final microstructure. The original microstructure of the ferritic matrix steel was eliminated, while annealed martensite was remained from the martensite matrix steel under the same intercritical annealing conditions.     

退火温度对退火马氏体基TRIP钢显微组织和力学性能的影响

将C-Si-Mn系TRIP钢通过完全淬火和两相区退火相结合的工艺,得到一种以退火马氏体为基体的TRIP钢（简称TAM钢）,并对比分析了TAM钢在不同温度退火后的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明,TAM钢经退火后的显微组织特征为精细规整的板条退火马氏体基体、片状残余奥氏体和贝氏体/马氏体组成的混合组织.这种组织降低了基体的硬度以及基体和第二相之间的强度比,减少了基体的位错密度.随着退火温度的提高,退火马氏体基体的板条形态逐渐消失,新生马氏体/贝氏体的团状混合组织逐渐增多.当退火温度为780℃时,综合力学性能优异,抗拉强度为1130 MPa,延伸率可达20%,强塑积为22600 MPa·%.当退火温度较低时,残余奥氏体主要以片状存在于退火马氏体板条间,有利于TRIP效应的发生.      

Tensile Properties of Medium Mn Steel with a Bimodal UFG α + γ and Coarse δ-Ferrite Microstructure

While the tensile strength and elongation obtained for medium Mn steel would appear to make it a candidate material in applications which require formable ultra-high strength materials, many secondary aspects of the microstructure–properties relationships have not yet been given enough attention. In this contribution, the microstructural and tensile properties of medium Mn steel with a bimodal microstructure consisting of an ultra-fine grained ferrite + austenite constituent and coarse-grained delta-ferrite are therefore reviewed in detail. The tensile properties of ultra-fine-grained intercritically annealed medium Mn steel reveal a complex dependence on the intercritical annealing temperature. This dependence is related to the influence of the intercritical annealing temperature on the activation of the plasticity-enhancing mechanisms in the microstructure. The kinetics of deformation twinning and strain-induced transformation in the ultra-fine grained austenite play a prominent role in determining the strain hardening of medium Mn steel. While excellent strength–ductility combinations are obtained when deformation twinning and strain-induced transformation occur gradually and in sequence, large elongations are also observed when strain-induced transformation plasticity is not activated. In addition, the localization of plastic flow is observed to occur in samples after intercritical annealing at intermediate temperatures, suggesting that both strain hardening and strain rate sensitivity are influenced by the properties of the ultra-fine-grained austenite.