Knowledge Structuring for Function Design

Well-structured functional knowledge Is essential to conduct function design as stated by well-known design methods, Including Suh's axiomatic design approach and one of Pahl and Beltz. Innovative design is a consequence of combining different types of knowledge sources, and obviously requires well-structured functional knowledge. The paper focuses on Suh's axiomatic design approach. Through a design example, the paper shows that his first axiom (functional Independence axiom) depends on such well-structured knowledge. This confirms that good design results not from functional Independence of functional requirements but from such well-structured functional knowledge.     

KBE关键技术及其在现代模具智能设计中的应用

系统论述了人工智能在工程领域应用的新形式——基于知识的工程KBE(Knowledge—Based Engineering)技术产生的背景、KBE技术的内涵、KBE关键技术(即知识获取、知识表示、知识推理和知识管理)、KBE系统的结构和实施KBE技术的意义，并以汽车覆盖件冲压工艺设计为例，给出了KBE技术实现的具体实例。     

Computer aided manufacturability analysis: Closing the knowledge gap between the designer and the manufacturer

Manufacturing today is marked by increased competition and dispersed global organization, thus necessitating enhanced collaboration among designers and manufacturers. Nevertheless, while Design for Manufacturability (DFM) has been the subject of in-depth research over the past decades, the supporting software solutions have not as yet matured. In this paper we present a holistic approach and supporting software tool, termed the Computer Aided Manufacturability Analysis (CAMA) tool, for capitalizing on available manufacturability knowledge. This is achieved by closing the knowledge loop between the design and manufacturing environments. CAMA captures the knowledge in a structured manner and incorporates this knowledge within the product design tools (CAD systems), thus enabling improved product timeliness and profitability. CAMA represents proof of concept and constitutes a demonstrative prototype of an adaptive and open DFX tool. It is based on industrial surveys of the Knowledge, Information and Data (KID) flows in CAD, CAPP and CAM processes within the manufacturing outsourcing environment. CAMA differs from other approaches in that it is an open system that enables continuous and intuitive capture, modification and implementation of updated manufacturability KID.     

Knowledge Brokering for Assisting the Generation of Automotive Product Design

The aim of this paper is to present a pragmatic model for the systematic transfer of ideas and knowledge at the early stage of product design in a company environment. In using the model, the basic premise is not to build a new product ‘from scratch’ but to reuse existing ideas and knowledge from other objects and products developed previously. This new approach is called Knowledge Brokering (KB).The developed KB model consists of four sequential steps, which cover the collection and clustering of explicit design knowledge, the systematic learning process, retention and transfer of tacit design knowledge. The premises for using the KB model and case study results from the automotive industry on the advantages and limitations of the new approach are also described.     

Integrative Design Environment to Improve Collaboration between Various Experts

This paper deals with the instrumentation of the collaboration between actors of various knowledge and know-how. Computer Aided Design technology lead to many resources supporting the digital mock-up. The CAD vendors' answer integrates various software to deliver a single environment for every design activity. As an alternative, the paper describes an integrative environment. We assume that innovative design is based on the various and heterogeneous resources. Then we propose a common framework where any existent or future resources will connect to share knowledge about the product. Concepts handled by the integrative environment and technologies to support it are discussed.     

滚动轴承知识库系统研究

通过研究滚动轴承的领域知识特点,提出滚动轴承知识表示方法和知识库系统的总体结构,结合KBE(Knowl-edge Based Engineering)技术和专家系统技术构建了滚动轴承知识库系统,为滚动轴承智能化设计提供支持。     

面向知识工程的产品设计评价系统

为了在设计评价系统中将产品设计、协同评价、知识管理有效集成,将基于知识的工程(Knowledge Based Engi-neering,KBE)技术引入到评价系统的设计中,构建基于J2EE技术的体系结构,采用面向对象的方法进行建模,在模型中将评价指标体系、知识BOM和产品生命周期的各种BOM有效整合,使用UML中的类图描述其数据关系特征,给出系统评价的自适应算法模型。在此基础上开发了基于KBE的设计评价系统。通过实例,描述系统的运行模式,验证系统的可行性和实用性。     

Complexity of Multi-Disciplinary Design

Modern products such as mechatronics machines are increasingly becoming multi-disciplinary. This phenomenon is amplified when considering a system composed of mechatronic elements. This paper first introduces two different types of complexity: (i) complexity by design and (ii) the intrinsic complexity of multi-disciplinarity, from the viewpoint of knowledge structure. These two types of complexity do not just make product development processes difficult, but cause design failures through undesired and unpredictable coupling of design parameters. Then, the paper illustrates two multi-disciplinary design cases and analyzes their knowledge structure to clarify how and why these couplings happened.     

叶片精铸模具设计中标准件智能化选用方法研究

论述了精铸模具设计中知识的表示及基于知识选用标准件的方法，并提出推理方式；采用增量程序结构，利用人工智能方法结合已有的建库工具，给出了叶片精铸模具标准件智能化选用方法的整体实现框架，最后通过实例验证了上述设计和实现方法是有效的、实用的。     

DEMOS — An Advanced Design and Modelling System

Conventional CAD-systems are able to do an excellent geometric modelling. They fail to handle technological information and to represent the workpiece-structure. This is an obligatory need to support the design phase.A new approach to find solutions for this problem is the system DEMOS (Design and Modelling System) which models and represents the logic how products are designed. The base is a data model separated from but connected with the geometrical model. The system uses relational data base techniques for the storage of product's design logic. This model supports a so-called Top-Down-Design and the definition of interdependencies between design componets of a product or a part as well as the linkage of technological information to every design element.     

基于QFD、TRIZ和DOE的DFSS集成模式研究

在六西格玛设计中,如何将顾客需求转化为可量化的设计特性是一个良好设计所必须具备的重要特征,而QFD、TR IZ和DOE等都是进行六西格玛设计的重要方支撑工具。在文中首先介绍了QFD、TR IZ和DOE的基础知识,然后对QFD与TR IZ、QFD与DOE的集成的可能性进行了探讨,并提出了TR IZ/DOE/QFD集成框架,最后通过结论对文章进行总结。     

基于知识的汽车覆盖件模具CAD系统框架

将人工智能技术与CAD技术相结合，提出了汽车覆盖件模具结构设计智能CAD系统的模型框架，并通过对Pro／Engineer软件平台的二次开发，建立了知识库、图形实例库、标准件库及其管理系统的基本框架，实现了覆盖件模具的三维自动化设计。     

冷挤压工艺设计领域异构知识的混合表示

对冷挤压工艺设计专家系统构建过程中涉及的领域知识表示方面的问题进行了研究.通过对各种传统的专家系统知识表示方法优缺点的分析与比较,考虑到冷挤压工艺领域知识的异构性特点以及领域知识的不确定性和模糊性,提出了一种针对于冷挤压工艺设计领域的,基于模糊的面向对象的异构知识混合表示方法;实现了冷挤压工艺设计领域知识合理、有效的表示,并构建了领域知识库.     

基于知识的管道支吊架设计研究

管道支吊架设计工作中,设计人员要经常查阅专业资料对其进行变参数、变结构设计.为解决这个问题,本文将参数化技术和知识工程结合在一起,开发了基于知识的管道支吊架智能设计系统Hanger Wizard.该系统利用知识熔接技术、数据库技术、UDF(User Defined Feature)技术和知识向导界面设计技术,实现了管道支吊架的快速变形设计和支吊架参数与管道参数的同步更新.     

Design knowledge extraction from scenario-based databases using associative search engine for FR-induced decisions

The authors set the functional requirement of “reduce your own risk” and ran sessions of associative search to extract useful knowledge from databases. Ninety engineers found the most analogous knowledge using the associative search engine “GETA/IMAGINE” on scenario-based databases “Failure Knowledge Database” and “100 Scenarios of Failure.” Above 60% of their risk concern cases successfully reached the most analogous accident cases or failure scenarios from either database in about 10 min. Associative search can aid the designer in selecting design solutions for the functional domain.     

Mapping Knowledge about Product Lifecycle Engineering for Ontology Construction via Object-Process Methodology

Knowledge mapping is a first and mandatory step in ontology definition. This paper considers the lifecycle of products and systems, and discusses the creation of a knowledge-based ontology. With respect to the life cycle of products and systems, knowledge refers to the processes involved in their creation (design manufacturing and assembly), use and maintenance, and end of life (EOL). Hence, this knowledge should consider what a product is comprised of (its structure), how it operates (its dynamics), and how it interacts with the environment. A clearly defined and consistent mapping of knowledge regarding structure, operation and interaction is necessary to construct an effective and useful ontology. Yet, in order to obtain the required knowledge and to organize it in a consistent and useful form, an appropriate ontology must be used. An interactive, iterative and consistent method is needed to cope with this complex and circular problem. In this paper, the Object-Process Methodology (OPM) approach is considered, along with OPCAT [1], a tool for OPM-based knowledge modeling. OPM is a systems-modeling approach that represents knowledge about systems concurrently and bi-modally through graphics (a set of Object-Process Diagrams, OPDs) and text (Object-Process Language, OPL, a subset of English), yielding a single, unified and consistent view. In this paper we propose a foundational modeling and ontology construction approach for a generic product that incorporates hardware and software components. The ontology can serve as a basis for a knowledge model to cover the entire product lifecycle, from inception to EOL, and can be applied in the VRL-KCiP Network of Excellence.     

Expert parts assignment in cellular manufacturing using pattern recognition

This paper presents a new tool for on-going decision making needed to assign parts to flexible manufacturing cells, in support of the dynamic dispatching and scheduling required for day-to-day operation. A CAM-oriented modelling system and associated expert modules: Analyzer, Synthesizer and Recognizer have been developed to perform the automatic and dynamic assignment of parts to manufacturing cells directly from a feature-based CAD modelling system. It is based upon knowledge of both the part design features and manufacturing processes. Feature-based representation of components structure and related machining operations is presented. The proposed technique represents a new and generic methodology for integrating CAD and CAM. Artificial intelligence techniques such as expert systems, pattern recognition and finite-state automata are applied in this research. Symbolic strings containing the design and machining attributes of components are analyzed using knowledge of rules and syntactic pattern recognition techniques, then cell inference and part assignment are carried out using domain specific expert rules. Two case studies are included to illustrate the feasibility of these approaches for rotational and prismatic parts. It is believed that this research provides some useful contributions for both CAD and CAM integration as well as parts assignment techniques for cellular manufacturing.     

基于KBE技术的BL系列车床设计

在UG平台上,运用UG软件的二次开发工具UG/Open API、UIStyler及UG/KF等,结合BL系列车床的设计特点,将基于知识的工程技术(KBE)应用于BL系列车床的设计.提出了基于KBE的BL系列车床设计系统框架,重点论述了知识分类、知识表示、基于原型推理为主融合系统建模技术的多层推理机制及设计界面的开发,实现了知识驱动的BL系列车床的快速设计.     

基于知识的装配过程仿真建模方法研究

针对装配环节具有高度的复杂性、实现装配过程的仿真模拟要求很强的智能性的特点,提出了一种基于知识的装配过程仿真的建模方法。该方法将工程设计中的装配知识运用到三维装配模型的建模过程中,用装配知识指导、约束和驱动装配模型,以确保装配知识与装配模型融合,体现和维护设计意图,实现装配知识的共享与重用,扩大装配知识的作用范围。     

基于知识的产品概念设计支持系统研究

从产品开发的视角,分析计算机辅助概念设计的过程.结合基于知识的工程环境(KBE),研究知识驱动概念设计的方法,以捕捉更多的设计意图,增加非几何的工程设计能力.探讨基于知识的产品概念设计支持系统的体系结构,并研究其实现的关键技术-知识的表示与获取和设计仿真与评价等.研制支持产品概念设计的原型系统,并通过减速器产品开发示例予以验证.