Concepts,methods and tools for individualized production

The main objective of the paper is to give an overview of prerequisites and enablers for individualized production from the perspective of flexible, agile and sustainable production of customized and personalized products. Increasing volatility in the global and local markets, shortening innovation and product life cycles, as well as a tremendously increasing number of variants, call for production facilities and networks and operations management which comply with these changing demands. The paper presents a set of developed concepts, methods and tools based on the recognized needs of manufacturing companies. The observed manufacturing domain is characterized with highly customized and personalized products produced in competitively in a high-cost country with short delivery times and high quality requirements. Micro and desktop factories can be seen as one type of solution to point-of-need manufacturing of customized and personalized products, such as hand-held consumer electronics or medical implants. The LeanMES concept and associated solution blocks aim for more efficient operation via digital tools. The Competitive Sustainable Manufacturing Hotel (CSM-Hotel) concept of a platform targeted for SMEs collaborating under same factory roof or in the same area. The A-NET vision offers a new holistic framework for industrial supply networks to manage development more agilely and for deeper strategic cooperation.     

面向对象知识表示方法在冲裁模KBE专家系统中的应用

知识表示是设计专家系统的关键技术之一.本文针对冲裁模具的结构特点以及设计的要求,研究了冲裁模设计的知识和经验的分类,并对产生式规则、框架和面向对象等知识表示方法进行了分析比较,采用面向对象封装产生式规则、框架的混合知识表示方法,在Visual C 中实现了冲裁模设计知识的表示实例.     

Model-based design and simulation of smart factory from usage and functional aspects

Usage and functional aspects of smart factory are used to express its design concepts in terms of the roles and activities of stakeholders and the functions of system elements. This study proposes a model-based framework for developing use cases of smart factory, which satisfies two competing requirements; easy-to-use composition of design concepts from these aspects and simulation-based analysis of design concepts. The framework can simulate prognostics services for machine tools connected with the service platform, and those for machine tools equipped with self-prognostics functions and it can analyse their differences regarding the performance and its progress of prognostics services.     

炭素生产控制系统网络化设计

现代企业要求生产统一，分散控制，集中管理将整个工厂作为一个系统实现其自动化，应用数字通讯网络技未，实现工厂信息纵向的透明通信，实现企业的最佳经济效益。在连城铝厂炭素生产中成功地进行了控制系统网络化设计。取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。本文介绍了该控制系统的网络规划及目标；各层的网络结构搭建及特点。     

Symbols Language Neural Networks Performance

An implementation of non-regular symbol manipulation with neural networks is presented. In particular, it is shown how a context-free language can be produced with neural networks. The rules of the language are stored as patterns in an attractor neural network. Another such network is used as a working memory, which can be enlarged without changing the production system itself. As a result, the competence of symbol manipulation with neural networks equals that of classical non-regular production systems. In actual behaviour (performance), however, there are differences between the systems, which shows the importance of implementation in the generation of rule-like behaviour.     

虚拟企业生产资源的多层次模型研究

虚拟企业生产资源建模是虚拟企业管理的基础。本文在分析了虚拟制造企业生产系统的阶梯结构基础上,提出了基于面向对象,基于代理以及事务处理的虚拟企业生产资源综合建模方法,了虚拟企业生产资源多层次模型。该模型具有统一的资源框架、分散的决策以及敏捷的资源计划和调度、规模可调等特征,适应了虚拟企业生产的敏捷性要求。     

基于OPC UA的挤出生产线数据采集与监控系统

针对传统挤出生产车间设备种类的多样性给工厂数据采集和统一监控带来的难题,研究一种基于OPC UA的数据采集与监控系统。以挤出生产线为研究对象,通过系统功能需求分析,设计总体技术框架。对生产数据分类整理,建立服务器地址空间信息模型,采用KEPServerEX搭建本地OPC UA服务器,实现不同设备生产数据的实时采集和封装。使用OPC UA基金会提供的SDK开发OPC UA客户端对接OPC UA服务器,完成对服务器地址空间信息节点的统一采集和处理,同时上传至数据库为上层业务系统提供数据支持。最后基于NET平台,采用C#语言开发挤出生产线集中监控系统。应用结果表明：该系统能够实现对底层设备生产数据有效的监控和记录,使多源异构数据格式和设备通信得到统一。     

面向大规模定制的订单重组方法研究

探讨了大规模定制生产模式下如何快速、有效地进行大批量生产的关键问题.从订单入手,提出订单重组的概念,建立起MC订单重组模型,并对重组算法进行研究.对个性化的客户订单进行重组,得到适合大批量生产的批量订单.使企业可以按照大批量生产方式制定生产计划、部署生产策略,为企业提高生产效率、降低成本提供决策支持.订单重组模型结合具体实例,在浙江某定时器厂家得到了有效应用.     

基于敏捷制造理念下的车间布局设计

随着市场竞争的加剧，已有的车间布局已不能满足企业的需求，迫切需要高柔性，模块化且易于重构的车间布局，当生产需求发生变化时，能够迅速重组以满足新的需求，在对传统的车间布局设计方法的分析基础上，本文将就面向敏捷制造的车间布局展开讨论，详述了新型模式的车间布局，针对虚拟单元这一敏感单元的组织形式，提出了面向敏捷制造的车间布局的设计方法。     

焊接机器人数据采集与管控系统

随着数字化焊接机器人进入工厂,采用传统人工监督的方式逐渐不能满足对设备的监控管理需求。一些采用“多机器人厂商、中小生产规模”为生产模式的企业,需要一个低成本、高适配性的平台,统一管理现场各种焊接机器人。针对上述需求设计了机器人管控系统,系统可分为通信模块和设备管控模块。其中,通信模块采用C/S架构开发,通过Netty框架搭建NIO服务器接收实时数据,开发的基础通信框架能够适配多种通信协议,接入不同品牌的机器人;设备管控模块采用B/S架构开发,基于Spring MVC框架实现,通过统一的平台对各个品牌机器人进行管理、监控和维护,以及历史数据的展示等。经现场运行验证,该系统能实现不同品牌机器人的统一监管,并且能够长时间稳定运行。     

Development of new concepts and software tools for the optimization of manual assembly systems

Due to growing numbers of differing products and variants, assembly systems with optimized manual workstations have become an efficient alternative to highly automated but less flexible production systems. Especially in the final stage of the product assembly, the flexibility of human employees enables them to meet the requirements for assembling various products and changing volumes. In order to create highly efficient production systems based on human work, it is necessary to develop innovative concepts for the design and organization of manual assembly structures. Another major issue is the development of software tools allowing the facility planner to simulate and optimize the complete design of the assembly structure such as the material flow or manual workstations, e.g. with respect to ergonomics, before construction. These requirements have led to a comprehensive research framework for manual assembly systems.     

Dynamic interaction of attractors across multiple cortical networks as a neural basis for intersensory facilitation

I propose a neural network model for intersensory facilitation and investigate its essential neuronal mechanisms. The model consists of sensory networks (SI, SII) and an integration network (IT). The integration network binds information derived from the sensory networks and sends feedback signals to them. Through a Hebbian learning process, point attractors representing individual features and objects are created in the dynamics of the sensory networks and integration network, respectively. The ongoing state of each network is a randomly itinerant state among these point attractors. When the SI network is stimulated with a feature (I_ n ) belonging to an object (O_ n ) with suprathreshold intensity, the point attractor corresponding to I_ n emerges in the SI network, but does not when stimulated with subthreshold intensity. Intersensory facilitation occurs when associate feature II_ n derived from the other modality belonging to the same object (O_ n ) is simultaneously presented to other sensory network SII, where the point attractor corresponding to feature I_ n emerges even when the sensory networks are stimulated with subthreshold intensity. I suggest here that the dynamic interaction of relevant point attractors across multiple neural networks is essential for intersensory facilitation, and that self-organized synaptic modulation effectively contributes to intersensory facilitation when crossmodal stimuli are separated in time.     

S7-300可编程控制器在中频感应炉上的应用

我厂60年代从日本进口5 t非真空感应炉经过扩容改造后,主电路及控制系统已不能满足生产的要求。将控制系统更换为以S7-300可编程控制器为核心的电控系统后,缩短了冶炼时间达15%,提高了感应炉操作的自动化水平。     

空心铝型材分流组合挤压模CAD系统开发

利用面向对象的设计思想,采用对象模型技术(object modeling technology,OMT)方法,确定了铝型材分流组合挤压模CAD系统的整体构架。用UG/OPEN API接口和UG/OPEN GRIP语言的功能,开发了空心铝型材分流组合挤压模CAD系统。实例证明,利用该系统可以方便地设计出参数化的铝型材分流组合挤压模。用有限体积法模拟铝型材挤压过程,分析金属流动、应力的变化,为优化挤压模结构提供依据。     

The essential materials paradigms for regenerative medicine

Medical technology is changing rapidly. Several disease states can now be treated very effectively by implantable devices that restore mechanical and physical functionality, such as replacement of hip joints or restoration of heart rhythms by pacemakers. These techniques, however, are rather limited, and no biological functionality can be restored through the use of inert materials and devices. This paper explores the role of new types of biomaterials within the emerging area of regenerative medicine, where they are able to play a powerful role in persuading the human body to regenerate itself.     

双曲超长相贯口双胞胎柱的制作工艺

北京丽泽SOHO工程结构复杂、造型独特,其中主体构件圆管柱从下向上呈螺旋状上升并在20~23层形成双胞胎柱,特点是在空间呈现双曲状态并存在超长相贯口。以双曲超长相贯口双胞胎柱为例,着重阐述在工厂制作过程中选择合理的工艺制作流程,通过各工序细节性的质量精度控制、有效的焊接工艺及变形控制等措施,实现构件的制作质量精度要求。     

级进冲模工步排样知识表示技术研究

针对级进冲模工步排样设计知识的复杂性和多样性特点 ,提出在面向对象的工步排样知识模型中 ,综合规则、框架和过程的混合表示是建立单特征工艺知识框架和解决多特征工序组合问题的有效途径。定义了面向对象的工步排样知识语言SLKRL ,介绍了基于该语言进行工步排样知识描述的方法。     

Stability and stabilization of polyacetylene,polyphenylacetylene, and acetylene/phenylacetylene copolymers

Polyacetylene, polyphenylacetylene, and acetylene/phenylacetylene copolymers were prepared. Both the physical and electrical properties of the copolymers were shown to vary with copolymer content. The conductivities of the iodine doped materials were measured as a function of time exposed to dynamic vacuum, constant current, and the atmosphere. Polyacetylene was found to be the most stable of the materials examined with the conductivity decreasing at a steady rate of approximately one order of magnitude per 1060 h in air. Polyphenylacetylene, on the other hand, decreased in conductivity much more rapidly with a catastrophic decrease after less than 250 h. Acetylene/phenylacetylene copolymers were found to exhibit intermediate behavior. Encapsulation by materials such as glass, silicone rubber, polyethylene, and epoxy resin was found to significantly reduce the rate at which iodine doped polyacetylene decreased in conductivity; however, with the exception of the glass encapsulants, the effect was temporary with the rate of decrease returning to its initial value within 200 h. The degradation process itself was found to be a two-stage phenomenon involving a preliminary loss of iodine followed by an oxidation of the polyene backbone.     

Changeability of strategic and tactical production concepts

Changes in the market entail increasing flexibility requirements in product quality and delivery. As a consequence, sales, production, and supplier networks must be able to be adapted quickly. This holds for both physical and organizational structures and processes as well as their IT support (e.g., PPC software). The paper shows what networks, facility layouts, or planning and control systems are more suitable for certain requirements than for others. The differences come to light even within a company, such as when the finished product business shows different characteristics from the semi-finished product business or the spare parts business. In some cases flexibility potentials can be utilized to align resource management to different characteristics. In other cases there still are technical, methodological, and cost constraints.     

不锈钢盖成形工艺与模具设计

分析了不锈钢盖零件的结构和工艺性,针对零件边缘凸起相对较高,成形过程中容易产生破裂的情况,采用2道工序,第1道工序为拉深锥形和凸起,第2道工序是翻边(浅拉深),用同一副模具成形不同高度的凸起。生产实践证明:不锈钢盖经过这2道工序加工成形,工艺合理,模具结构紧凑,产品质量良好,满足生产要求。