人工砂掺量对水泥稳定碎石性能的影响

对不同人工砂掺量的水泥稳定碎石混合料进行击实和无侧限抗压强度试验,通过分析试验数据研究人工砂掺量对水泥稳定碎石性能的影响。     

砂掺量对珊瑚砂微生物固化效果的影响

对不同标准砂掺量的珊瑚砂进行微生物固化,通过对固化体的渗透特性、无侧限抗压强度、应力-应变曲线特征、抗拉强度和微观结构等方面的分析,研究砂掺量对珊瑚砂微生物固化效果的影响。试验结果表明:在相同条件下,不同砂掺量的珊瑚砂均可经微生物固化反应形成一个整体;随固化用砂中标准砂掺量的增多,试样的初始渗透性增大,固化周期变长;不同砂掺量试样的无侧限抗压强度应力-应变曲线均呈现为三段:压密阶段、塑性变形阶段和破坏阶段;微生物固化反应生成物对珊瑚砂包裹效果好,连接致密,排列规则,而对标准砂包裹效果差,排列松散;按这一规律适当比例混合珊瑚砂和标准砂可以改善固化体力学性能。试验中砂掺量为33.3%时抗拉强度达到最高;砂掺量为66.7%时无侧限抗压强度达到最高;砂掺量为50%时,试样的力学性能较差。     

路基黏土-砂混合填料的工程特性

为研究路基黏土-砂混合填料的工程特性,本文选取高岭土和石英砂,分别制备不同含砂率与含水率的黏土-砂混合物试件,开展轻型击实、液限塑限联合测定、自由膨胀率、承载比(CBR)、无侧限抗压强度试验。结果表明,随着含砂率增加,黏土-砂的最大干密度升高,最佳含水率、塑限、液限、塑性指数降低。在相同含砂率下,黏土-砂的CBR值随着含水率上升先增后减。若含砂率上升,则黏土-砂的最大CBR值升高,最大CBR值所对应的含水率降低,黏土-砂满足作为路基填料的CBR值要求时,所对应的含水率范围明显收窄。随着含水率或含砂率增加,黏土-砂的自由膨胀率与无侧限抗压强度均减小。相比于含砂率,含水率对黏土-砂无侧限抗压强度的影响更显著。     

某市政道路改良土水泥掺量研究

结合昆明市某市政道路水泥改良软粘土作为路基填料的工程实例,通过对改良土液塑限、无侧限抗压强度、静力三轴压缩实验研究,分析水泥掺量的改变对改良土抗剪强度指标的影响,从而得出可供工程实践参考的结论。     

掺砂水泥固化华南滨海软土的强度和干湿循环特性试验研究

为探索砂粒对水泥固化华南滨海软土强度和干湿循环特性的影响规律,制备了一系列不同掺砂量和掺砂粒径的水泥固化华南滨海软土试样,分别进行无侧限抗压强度试验和海水及淡水条件下的干湿循环试验,同时对加载完毕的试样进行扫描电镜(SEM)测试和X射线衍射(XRD)试验。试验结果表明：掺砂水泥土试样的第7,14,28天无侧限抗压强度随掺砂量的提高而增大,其第28天强度随掺砂粒径的减小而增大;掺砂水泥土试样经历两轮干湿循环后的强度损失率最大达61%,干湿循环导致的强度劣化特性随砂粒径的减小和掺砂量的增大而得到更好的改善,并且,掺砂水泥土试样在淡水条件下的抗干湿循环能力明显优于海水条件。SEM和XRD的测试结果表明：掺砂水泥固化华南滨海软土的作用主要表现在：1)模量替换作用(高模量的砂粒替换小模量的软土);2)砂粒-水泥土界面胶结作用;3)裂纹扩展阻隔作用。     

风化砂不同掺入率对膨胀土特性影响的研究

针对目前膨胀土改良措施中存在的问题,提出了一种新的改良方法——在膨胀土中掺入风化砂,对膨胀土实施物理改良。对风化砂不同掺入率的膨胀土进行颗分试验,液、塑限试验,活性指数试验,相对密度试验。试验表明:随着掺砂比例的增大,活性指数急剧下降,液性指数发生了降低;对风化砂不同掺入率改良膨胀土进行的自由膨胀率、有荷膨胀率、无荷膨胀率和膨胀力试验表明,随着掺砂比例的增加,膨胀土的膨胀性得到显著的抑制;最后对掺砂膨胀土进行了直剪试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、CBR试验和回弹模量试验,探讨不同掺砂率对强度指标的影响及其变化规律。试验研究结果表明,掺砂能较好地改良膨胀土的基本工程性质指标,有效抑制膨胀土的膨胀特性,改善膨胀土的力学强度性能,掺砂后膨胀土的各项指标均可达到路基填料的要求。     

含砂量对聚丙烯纤维加筋黏性土强度影响的研究

为研究含砂量对聚丙烯纤维土加筋黏性土强度的影响及其机制,将2%,4%,6%,8%和10%素土重的砂分别与聚丙烯纤维加筋黏性土混合均匀,共配制7组土样,进行无侧限抗压强度试验和直剪试验.运用扫描电镜(SEM),观察和分析纤维在土样中的形态特征.试验结果表明,黏性土中的含砂量对纤维加筋土的强度有重要影响.在砂与纤维表面的摩擦力和黏土颗粒对纤维的黏结作用下,纤维土的无侧限抗压强度和黏聚力随含砂量的增加先增加后减少,纤维土的内摩擦角大小与掺砂量成正比.在掺砂量为4%时,纤维的加筋作用得到最大发挥,此时土样的无侧限抗压强度达到最大值.此外,在黏土中砂的碰撞或挤压作用下,纤维的形状发生改变,从而增加纤维的粗糙度,加强界面之间的力学作用.     

机场跑道水泥稳定珊瑚砂基层配合比研究与应用

依托马尔代夫维拉纳国际机场改扩建项目,针对珊瑚砂地质特性进行了大量现场试验、室内试验,对珊瑚砂的物理力学特性进行研究分析,用其配制水泥稳定层作为跑道基层。通过掺配不同比例水泥及进行击实试验,确定水泥稳定层的最佳配合比,使其7d无侧限抗压强度达到2. 5MPa以上。现场实际施工效果良好,各项试验数据显示强度、抗裂性均较好,满足设计要求。     

闽江疏浚细砂与机制砂复掺对混凝土性能影响研究

研究闽江疏浚砂与机制砂复掺对混凝土性能的影响,测试不同复掺比例细集料的物理性能,以及混凝土拌合物性能、力学性能及耐久性性能。试验结果表明,复掺闽江疏浚砂能够优化机制砂的级配,得到粒径分布合理的混合砂;适当比例的闽江疏浚砂与机制砂混合而成的细集料,能制备出性能优良的混凝土,通过改善混凝土整体的密实性,能提升混凝土的工作性、抗压强度、弹性模量、抗渗和抗碳化等相关性能;当闽江疏浚砂与机制砂复掺比例在75∶25及25∶75之间时,混凝土各项性能较好,其中复掺比例为50∶50时,各项性能最佳。     

大掺量磷石膏用于路基填料的性能试验研究

为探索磷石膏大掺量、规模化、资源化利用路径,分别以自制固化剂和水泥为胶凝材制备大掺量磷石膏路基填料,开展大掺量磷石膏混合料的击实试验、无侧限抗压强度试验及疏水改性试验,分析大掺量磷石膏与自制固化剂和水泥的适配性、击实特性、强度特性、耐水性能。结果表明,采用水泥或自制固化剂改性磷石膏击实曲线呈单峰变化趋势,且含水率偏低时对大掺量磷石膏混合料的干密度影响较小;相同配比时,固化剂体系大掺量磷石膏混合料7d无侧限抗压强度是水泥体系的1.5倍以上,磷尾砂与自制固化剂的适配性优于黏土,且配比为90%磷石膏+10%固化剂的大掺量磷石膏混合料7d无侧限抗压强度度达3.4MPa,经疏水改性后强度提升至4.2MPa,疏水剂与自制固化剂的复配较好地改善了磷石膏自身亲水特性,提升了其水稳性能。     

Interaction between geogrid reinforcement and tire chip–sand lightweight backfill

This paper deals with the interaction between the geogrid and the tire chip–sand mixture including the determination of the index properties of the backfill materials, the shear strength parameters, the interaction coefficients, and the efficiency of geogrid reinforcements in tire chip–sand backfills. Numerous experiments including index tests, compaction tests, pullout tests, and large-scale direct shear tests were conducted. Saint–Gobain (geogrid A) and Polyfelt (geogrid B) were selected as reinforcing materials. Tire chip–sand mixtures with mixing ratios of 0:100, 30:70, 40:60, and 50:50 by weight were used as fill materials. The test results revealed that the dry unit weight of tire chip–sand mixtures depended more on the sand content, and less on the water content. The mixture at the mixing ratio of 30:70 by weight or 50:50 by volume was found to be the most suitable fill material compared to other mixing ratios. The pullout resistance and the pullout interaction coefficients of geogrid A were slightly higher than those of geogrid B. In contrast, in the direct shear resistance, the direct shear interaction coefficients, and the efficiency values of geogrid B were slightly higher than those of geogrid A. Since geogrid B has the needed uniaxial reinforcement properties and its sufficient interaction characteristics with tire chip–sand mixture, the geogrid B was utilized in this study. The interaction coefficients between the tire chip–sand backfill with 30:70 mixing ratio by weight were found to be 0.71 in pullout mode and 0.92 in direct shear mode for geogrid B.     

混合型缓冲回填材料压实性能研究

 根据国外高放废物地质处置领域缓冲回填材料研发趋势,提出我国混合型缓冲回填材料开发新构想,即在纯膨润土中添加一定量的石英砂,期望在不显著降低渗透性能的前提下明显改善其热传导性能和力学强度。选取内蒙古高庙子膨润土(GMZ001膨润土)为主料,添加0%～50%含量的石英砂,采用标准击实试验和重型击实试验,研究混合土的动力压实特性;采用专门设计的压实模具,研究混合土在20和50 MPa压力下的静力压实特性。研究结果表明,不同掺砂率的膨润土–砂混合物,最大干密度与最优含水率存在统一的幂函数关系,而与压实方法及压实能大小无关。对于不同的压实方法及压实能大小,最优含水率与掺砂率之间存在线性关系。利用这些关系,就可以针对特定的压实目标选择适宜的压实方法。研究表明,高庙子膨润土掺加10%～30%的石英砂有助于改善压实质量,预计防渗性能也不会降低。     

Impact of repeated loading on mechanical response of a reinforced sand

Pavements constructed over loosely compacted subgrades may not possess adequate California bearing ratio(CBR)to meet the requirements of pavement design codes,which may lead to a thicker pavement design for addressing the required strength.Geosynthetics have been proven to be effective for mitigating the adverse mechanical behaviors of weak soils as integrated constituents of base and sub-base layers in road construction.This study investigated the behaviors of unreinforced and reinforced sand with nonwoven geotextile using repeated CBR loading test(followed by unloading and reloading).The depth and number of geotextile reinforcement layers,as well as the compaction ratio of the soil above and below the reinforcement layer(s)and the compaction ratio of the sand bed,were set as variables in this context.Geotextile layers were placed at upper thickness ratios of 0.3,0.6 and 0.9 and the lower thickness ratio of 0.3.The compaction ratios of the upper layer and the sand bed varied between 85% and 97% to simulate a dense layer on a medium dense sand bed for all unreinforced and reinforced testing scenarios.Repeated CBR loading tests were conducted to the target loads of 100 kgf,150 kgf,200 kgf and 400 kgf,respectively(1 kgf = 9.8 N).The results indicated that placing one layer of reinforcement with an upper thickness ratio of 0.3 and compacting the soil above the reinforcement to compaction ratio of 97%significantly reduced the penetration of the CBR piston for all target repeated load levels.However,using two layers of reinforcement sandwiched between two dense soil layers with a compaction ratio of 97%with upper and lower thickness ratios of 0.3 resulted in the lowest penetration.     

砂土中静压桩沉桩过程试验研究与颗粒流模拟

采用室内模型试验及颗粒流数值模拟研究了密实砂中静压桩沉桩过程,对桩周土体宏细观力学响应进行了分析研究。通过模型试验对浅层土体、桩身周围、桩端处土体的不同位移模式进行了比较分析,揭示了桩周不同位置土体的变位规律,并将孔隙变化场与宏观位移场进行相互印证,发现桩端土体位移模式与压密区基本呈圆孔扩张。对桩体贯入过程中的动端阻力、动侧摩阻力的发展规律以及临界深度等问题作了揭示。以室内模型试验为基础,建立了静压桩沉桩颗粒流模型,将数值结果与试验结果对比分析,通过分析土体细观变化模式揭示沉桩过程中宏观响应的内在机理。研究成果对于进一步明确沉桩挤土效应内在机理和沉桩阻力的发展规律都具有意义。     

冲击碾压设备应用于软土换填工艺参数研究

为了进一步研究冲击压路机对换填土路基的作用效果,对压实次数、换填土厚度运用沉降差、压实度及标准差进行了表征,试验表明,在不同换填砂砾厚度下,存在较优的压实次数与之对应,并提出了合理的厚度压实次数参数,丰富了冲击碾压工艺,以供参考。     

风积沙压实特性试验研究

风积沙是一种特殊的筑路材料,其压实特性是影响沙漠公路施工质量的重要因素。为了研究风积沙的压实特性,进行了筛分试验、标准重型击实试验和振动试验及野外现场试验。筛分试验结果表明:风积沙级配不良,沙粒均匀,粒径主要分布在0.25～0.074 mm之间,属于细砂;击实曲线与常规工程材料显著不同,呈一个特殊的横写S型,干密度随含水率变化有两个峰值,揭示了风积沙在含水率为0和最佳含水率下,均可以达到最佳密实度的特有性质。振动试验表明:风积沙的最佳振动频率为45～50 Hz。现场试验进行机械优化配置,采用干压实工艺,试验压实度代表值达到了96%,效果良好。沙样的电镜扫描图显示,振动干压实后,风积沙微观结构良好,达到了预期的效果。     

一种新型土壤强固剂加固红土试验研究

土壤强固剂是一种新型的加固土体复合材料。文中通过室内击实、直剪以及无侧限抗压强度对比试验 ,分析了一种新型土壤强固剂对云南红土的加固效果。试验结果表明 :这种新型土壤强固剂对红土样的最大干密度基本无影响 ,但可提高红土样的最优含水量 ,特别是抗剪强度和无侧限抗压强度都有显著提高 ,强度加固效果系数都大于 1,变形加固效果系数都小于 1,其加固效果优于粉煤灰。证明这种新型土壤强固剂能够显著改善土体性能 ,减小变形 ,提高土体的承载能力。     

编织袋袋装水泥红土的力学性能试验研究

通过室内抗压试验,研究了在不同模型袋类型、水泥掺入比、养护龄期以及不同含水量下编织袋袋装水泥红土的力学性能,并获得了两种编织袋袋装水泥红土材料的应力—应变全过程曲线。在对试验结果进行回归分析后,给出了不同水泥掺入比、不同龄期下的复合编织袋袋装水泥红土之间的强度推算公式。为了深入研究,同时进行了相同条件下水泥红土的平行对比试验。     

石灰改良红土击实特性研究

通过击实试验,研究了石灰掺量对石灰改良红土击实特性的影响规律,结果表明石灰改良红土的最大干密度随含石灰量的增大而增大,增大的趋势先快后慢,石灰改良红土的最优含水量随含石灰量的增大而增加,且增加趋势先快后慢。     

Experimental research on compaction characteristics of aeolian sand

Unlike other road materials, aeolian sand has some compaction characteristics that are key factors in construction qualities of highway in the desert. In order to study the characteristics, a series of laboratory and field tests were performed, including sieve analysis, standard modified compaction, vibrating compaction and field test. By analyzing the sieve analysis test data, it was found that the gradation of aeolian sand was bad, with fine grains whose diameters mostly ranged from 0.25 mm to 0.074 mm. Then, from the laboratory compaction test results, a compaction curve similar to the horizontally-written letter S was obtained. That was quite different from the other kinds of road materials. There were two peak values in the curve with the increase of water content, which was the special characteristic of aeolian sand: to be well compacted whether it was dry or wet. Also, according to laboratory vibrating test results, the best vibrating frequency range was proposed. It was from 45 Hz to 50 Hz. Moreover, some field compaction tests were carried out. On the construction site of the highway, the aeolian sand subgrade was compacted in the condition of natural water content with optimizing construction machines. Its compaction degree reached 96%, meeting the current specifications. At last, comparative studies were carried through with electron microscope. It was shown that the microstructure of compacted dry aeolian sand is much denser than that of the natural one in the field test.