基于量子衍生参数估计的医学超声图像去斑算法

 本文提出了一种基于量子衍生参数估计的医学超声图像去斑方法.通过对对数变换的超声图像小波系数建模,提出了一种带自适应参数的概率分布函数.该方法充分考虑了小波系数的尺度间相关性,利用父-子代小波系数的归一化乘积,首次在高频子带中引入量子衍生信号与噪声出现概率.并利用贝叶斯估计理论,提出了一种基于量子衍生参数估计的自适应收缩函数.实验结果表明本方法较相关算法具有更好图像细节保持能力,去斑效果显著.     

一种基于深度学习的自适应医学超声图像去斑方法

针对传统医学超声图像去斑方法的不足,该文提出一种自适应多曝光融合框架和前馈卷积神经网络模型图像去斑方法。首先,制作超声图像训练数据集;然后,提出一种自适应增强因子的多曝光融合框架,增强图像进行有效特征提取;最后,通过网络训练去斑模型并获得去斑后的图像。实验结果表明,该文较已有的方法,能更有效地滤除医学超声图像中的斑点噪声并更多的保留图像细节。     

基于双树复小波变换的红外小目标检测算法

双树复小波分析是一种有效的图像处理方法,但是将其直接应用于红外小目标检测时,由于其对图像中的高频信息特别敏感,无法在保留目标的同时有效地滤除噪声。论文充分利用双树复小波方法方向性好的优点,并针对其高频敏感问题,提出了一种基于双树复小波变换与图像熵的红外小目标检测算法,从而能够有效去除图像中的杂波,同时凸显出小目标。该算法首先对原始图像进行双树复小波分解,将其低频子带置零,并利用高频子带进行双树复小波重构;接着,对重构后的图像进行二次双树复小波分解,并采用改进的Top-Hat算子对分解后的低频子带进行滤波,同时保留分解后±15°方向的子带,并通过高通滤波对其进行处理;之后,将滤波后的低频子带图像与原低频子带图像进行差分,得到低频差分图像;最后,利用低频差分图像与滤波后的高频子带图像进行红外图像重构,并通过局部图像熵进行加权,从而提取出红外小目标。实验结果表明,与对比算法相比,本文算法在BSF与SCRG方面表现优越,可以有效抑制背景中的杂波并提高小目标的信杂比。     

基于小波变换与模糊理论的医学超声图像增强与去噪方法研究

医学超声图像的增强与去噪一直是医学图像处理的重要课题,针对传统超声图像增强处理算法的不足,本文提出一种基于小波分析理论和模糊理论的超声图像增强与去噪算法,首先对医学超声图像进行对数变换,将乘性噪声转换成加性噪声;然后再对超声图像进行多尺度小波变换,得到图像的高频和低频小波系数;再对低频系数进行模糊域增强,对高频系数进行小波软阈值去噪;最后通过小波重构得到增强后的图像。实验证明,该算法能有效增强超声图像的视觉效果,去除噪声,具有一定的应用价值和意义。     

基于模糊PCNN的小波域超声医学图像去噪方法

在分析了斑点噪声和PCNN的特点的基础上,将PCNN引入到小波域中,并结合小波软阈值去噪思想,提出了基于PCNN的超声医学图像软阈值去噪方法(ST-PCNN),该方法的优点是实现了在小波域中利用PCNN来识别高频信号的小波系数,并采用相应的方法处理小波系数,改善了PCNN难以确定斑点噪声的位置和采用固定阈值造成高频信号损失的缺点,更好的保留了低于固定阈值的高频信号的小波系数;在此基础上,将模糊算法引入到PCNN模型中,进一步提出了基于模糊PCNN的小波域超声医学图像去噪方法(F-PCNN-WD),该方法利用模糊算法来去除PCNN点火过程中大于点火阈值的斑点噪声的小波系数,以更好的去除斑点噪声。实验结果表明,ST-PCNN和F-PCNN-WD方法不仅能够有效地去除噪声,而且能够很好的保留图像的边缘和细节信息。     

基于自相关函数建模的小波域SAR图像去斑方法

合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的小波系数间存在重要的相关性．通过对这种相关性的精确建模可以改善图像的去斑效果。提出了一种新的基于自相关函数建模的小波域SAR图像去斑方法。首先对原始SAR图像进行对数变换．再用可控金字塔作多尺度和多方向分解．分别对图像和噪声系数的自相关函数精确建模．并在图像自相关函数中引入方向性解析式．再利用维纳滤波得到去噪后的小波对数图像,最后经指数变换得到去斑后的SAR图像。对合成图像和实际sAR图像的去斑实验表明,该方法较其他经典方法的去斑效果要好。     

一种新的最优小波基选择准则及其应用

针对分数低阶口稳定分布信号具有显著脉冲这一特性,参照最优小波包基选择的熵准则,提出了一种针对该类噪声的最优小波基选择新准则,解决了以往最优小波基选择的熵准则中,由于需计算二阶统计量而不适合分析分数低阶口稳定分布信号的问题.还得出了针对该类信号,在运用该新准则进行判别最优小波基时,只需对各个小波基函数在第1层尺度下的变换系数进行对比判别的结论,极大地减化了以往多尺度的判别过程.将新准则应用于医学超声图像消噪时,获得了较好的效果.     

复轮廓波包变换及其在SAR图像去斑中的应用

利用解析的双树复小波包变换(DT-CWPT)与非抽样方向滤波器组(NSDFB),构造了一种复轮廓波包变换(CCPT),并将其应用于合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像去斑。新的变换由于对信号的低频和高频部分都进行了分解,因此除了具有多分辨率、局部性、方向性和各向异性的特点外,还具有平移不变性和更丰富的方向分量。实验结果表明,本文构造的CCPT能够有效地抑制斑点噪声,达到较好的边缘保持效果,并且在图像的细节和纹理表现方面具有一定的优势。     

一种改进的一维模糊熵图像分割算法

传统的一维最大模糊熵图像分割算法对于图像的局部信息干扰噪声处理能力存在不足。文中研究实数编码混沌量子遗传算法（RCQGA）与一维模糊熵算法相结合的新算法。该算法将图像的空间信息和像素信息引入到一维模糊熵图像分割算法中,并运用实数编码混沌量子遗传算法对一维最大模糊熵图像分割算法进行改进,从而提高了一维最大模糊熵分割精度。研究结果表明,该算法分割效果明显优于传统一维模糊熵图像分割算法,并具有较强的抗噪性能。     

基于关键熵的双树复小波域盲图像水印算法

设计了一种基于关键熵的盲数字图像水印算法.首先,使用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)方法,从图像中提取特征点;其次,以特征点为中心构造局部不变圆形区域,并对其进行归一化处理;然后,选取大于图像平均熵的图像区域作为关键熵图像区域;最后,结合量化调制策略及双树复小波变换(DTCWT)技术,将水印嵌入到关键熵图像区域中.实验分析...     

基于斑点方差估计的非下采样Contourlet域SAR图像去噪

 合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像固有的相干斑噪声严重影响图像质量,使得SAR图像的自动解译十分困难.本文联合SAR图像的统计特性和非下采样Contourlet对SAR图像细节信息的良好刻画能力,提出一种新的非下采样Contourlet域SAR图像去噪算法,通过估计到的各个高频方向子带的斑点噪声方差和变换系数模值的局部均值,对非下采样Contourlet变换系数进行判定,保留信号系数,抑制斑点噪声系数,实现SAR图像去噪.仿真实验结果表明,本文方法在斑点抑制的同时可以有效保持细节信息.     

Speckle noise reduction of medical ultrasound images in complex wavelet domain using mixture priors

Speckle noise is an inherent nature of ultrasound images, which may have negative effect on image interpretation and diagnostic tasks. In this paper, we propose several multiscale nonlinear thresholding methods for ultrasound speckle suppression. The wavelet coefficients of the logarithm of image are modeled as the sum of a noise-free component plus an independent noise. Assuming that the noise-free component has some local mixture distribution (MD), and the noise is either Gaussian or Rayleigh, we derive the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) and the averaged maximum ${a quad posteriori}$ (AMAP) estimators for noise reduction. We use Gaussian and Laplacian MD for each noise-free wavelet coefficient to characterize their heavy-tailed property. Since we estimate the parameters of the MD using the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm and local neighbors, the proposed MD incorporates some information about the intrascale dependency of the wavelet coefficients. To evaluate our spatially adaptive despeckling methods, we use both real medical ultrasound and synthetically introduced speckle images for speckle suppression. The simulation results show that our method outperforms several recently and the state-of-the-art techniques qualitatively and quantitatively.      

Despeckling of medical ultrasound images using data and rate adaptive lossy compression

A novel technique for despeckling the medical ultrasound images using lossy compression is presented. The logarithm of the input image is first transformed to the multiscale wavelet domain. It is then shown that the subband coefficients of the log-transformed ultrasound image can be successfully modeled using the generalized Laplacian distribution. Based on this modeling, a simple adaptation of the zero-zone and reconstruction levels of the uniform threshold quantizer is proposed in order to achieve simultaneous despeckling and quantization. This adaptation is based on: (1) an estimate of the corrupting speckle noise level in the image; (2) the estimated statistics of the noise-free subband coefficients; and (3) the required compression rate. The Laplacian distribution is considered as a special case of the generalized Laplacian distribution and its efficacy is demonstrated for the problem under consideration. Context-based classification is also applied to the noisy coefficients to enhance the performance of the subband coder. Simulation results using a contrast detail phantom image and several real ultrasound images are presented. To validate the performance of the proposed scheme, comparison with two two-stage schemes, wherein the speckled image is first filtered and then compressed using the state-of-the-art JPEG2000 encoder, is presented. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme works better, both in terms of the signal to noise ratio and the visual quality.     

Despeckling low SNR, low contrast ultrasound images via anisotropic level set diffusion

Speckle is a form of multiplicative and locally correlated noise which degrades the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast resolution of ultrasound images. This paper presents a new anisotropic level set method for despeckling low SNR, low contrast ultrasound images. The coefficient of variation, a speckle-robust edge detector is embedded in the well known geodesic “snakes” model to smooth the image level sets, while preserving and sharpening edges of a speckled image. The method achieves much better speckle suppression and edge preservation compared to the traditional anisotropic diffusion based despeckling filters. In addition, the performance of the filter is less sensitive to the speckle scale of the image and edge contrast parameter, which makes it more suitable for the detection of low contrast features in an ultrasound image. We validate the method using both synthetic and real ultrasound images and quantify the performance improvement over other state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of speckle noise reduction and edge preservation indices.     

Nonlinear multiscale wavelet diffusion for speckle suppression and edge enhancement in ultrasound images

This paper introduces a novel nonlinear multiscale wavelet diffusion method for ultrasound speckle suppression and edge enhancement. This method is designed to utilize the favorable denoising properties of two frequently used techniques: the sparsity and multiresolution properties of the wavelet, and the iterative edge enhancement feature of nonlinear diffusion. With fully exploited knowledge of speckle image models, the edges of images are detected using normalized wavelet modulus. Relying on this feature, both the envelope-detected speckle image and the log-compressed ultrasonic image can be directly processed by the algorithm without need for additional preprocessing. Speckle is suppressed by employing the iterative multiscale diffusion on the wavelet coefficients. With a tuning diffusion threshold strategy, the proposed method can improve the image quality for both visualization and auto-segmentation applications. We validate our method using synthetic speckle images and real ultrasonic images. Performance improvement over other despeckling filters is quantified in terms of noise suppression and edge preservation indices.     

Despeckling of medical ultrasound images using Daubechies complex wavelet transform

The paper presents a novel despeckling method, based on Daubechies complex wavelet transform, for medical ultrasound images. Daubechies complex wavelet transform is used due to its approximate shift invariance property and extra information in imaginary plane of complex wavelet domain when compared to real wavelet domain. A wavelet shrinkage factor has been derived to estimate the noise-free wavelet coefficients. The proposed method firstly detects strong edges using imaginary component of complex scaling coefficients and then applies shrinkage on magnitude of complex wavelet coefficients in the wavelet domain at non-edge points. The proposed shrinkage depends on the statistical parameters of complex wavelet coefficients of noisy image which makes it adaptive in nature. Effectiveness of the proposed method is compared on the basis of signal to mean square error (SMSE) and signal to noise ratio (SNR). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other conventional despeckling methods as well as wavelet based log transformed and non-log transformed methods on test images. Application of the proposed method on real diagnostic ultrasound images has shown a clear improvement over other methods.     

基于形态学操作和模糊聚类技术的超声图像分割

针对医学超声图像对比度低和噪声强的特点,提出了多尺度形态学操作和模糊聚类技术相结合的图像分割方法.该方法利用多尺度形态变换提取图像的结构特征,通过对不同尺度结构特征数量的统计分析,估计图像中噪声尺度大小,并修改不同尺度结构特征的强度,从而实现对图像局部对比度的增强和噪声抑制.同时,使用新的模糊C均值聚类算法对增强后图像进行分割,从而进一步地减少图像中噪声对分割的影响,完成超声图像的有效分割.实验结果表明该方法对超声图像的分割是有效的.     

医学图像增强系统设计

为了改善医学图像的视觉效果,提高图像的清晰度,使之更适合于机器的分析处理以及人的视觉特性,并突出病灶点,为病理学诊断和临床诊断提供可靠依据。设计了一个对医学图像十分具有针对性的图像增强系统。针对CT图像的电子噪声提出了基于修正维纳滤波的小波包去噪算法;针对B型超声图像的散斑噪声提出了基于脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN)模型的小波自适应斑点噪声滤除算法;针对医学图像对比度低,边缘信息模糊等特点,提出了基于小波变换的医学图像增强算法。当噪声方差为0.01时,基于脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN)模型的小波自适应斑点噪声滤除算法获得的PSNR比经Wiener滤波方法获得的PSNR高出9 dB。系统能快速找到噪声点进行定点去噪,能有效提高医学图像的对比度,增强边缘细节信息,突出病灶点的位置,从而达到较好的处理效果,为医疗工作者观察病症提供更加清晰准确的依据。     

SAR image despeckling using heavy-tailed Burr distribution

Multiplicative speckle noise diminishes the radiometric resolution of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and all the coherent images. Speckle removal adds an extra value to an automated SAR image interpretation and analysis. In this paper, dual-tree complex wavelet-transform-based Bayesian method is proposed for despeckling the SAR images. In each subband, the reflectance and noise of the logarithmically transformed wavelet coefficients are modeled using heavy-tailed Burr and zero-mean Gaussian distributions. The closed-form expression for the shape parameter of Burr distribution is derived by employing the Mellin transform. The resultant complex-free quadratic maximum a posteriori solution with suitable shrinkage function yields despeckled SAR images. Extensive experiments are carried out using real SAR images as well as simulated images. The proposed method performs well in terms of equivalent number of looks with 3.5751 dB improvement in homogeneous region1 of Pipe river SAR image, edge preservation with 0.6158 improvement, peak signal to noise ratio of 51.3305 dB, and mean structural similarity index measure of 0.9397 at 0.05 noise variance for synthetically speckled image in comparison to the existing methods and takes averagely 2.3461 times less computing time. The proposed method provides a computationally efficient better speckle reduction in homogeneous regions while still preserving the edge.