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Project governance: case studies on financial incentives 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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在国际建筑总承包工程项目中,物资采购管理工作是总承包工程管理的一个重要组成部分,物资采购的质量、进度、费用直接影响总承包工程的质量、工期和造价。只有把国内物资采购的管理工作做好,才能确保国外工程的顺利完成。 相似文献
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J. Barraket 《Construction Management & Economics》2018,36(7):394-408
Emerging social procurement imperatives are driving new forms of cross-sector collaboration between private, public and social enterprise sectors in the construction industry. Yet there is little understanding of how and why social enterprises and private construction firms collaborate in meeting new social procurement imperatives and of the institutional and organizational factors shape these practices. Drawing on theoretical insights from governance, management and policy studies and three case studies of major organizations from across the construction social value chain, the organizational and institutional factors that drive cross-sector collaborations are explored. Documentary analysis of social procurement strategy and policy, non-participant observation of social procurement initiatives in action and in-depth interviews with senior social procurement champions suggest that existing processes of social value co-creation through supply chain relationships more closely reflect a cooperative than a collaborative model, are largely driven by commercial concerns and influenced by industry norms and institutional imperatives. It is concluded that there are significant differences in experience and opportunity for collaboration based on supply chain position and organizational scale and that these have notable effects on the co-creation of social value and the legitimacy of different social benefit providers in the construction industry. 相似文献
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为探讨项目网络组织协同治理绩效问题,采用文献梳理、问卷调查、访谈、结构方程模型(SEM)对项目组织网络化协同治理绩效影响因素及路径进行深入剖析。将治理目标、治理结构、治理机制、治理环境4 个影响因素作为外生潜变量,任务绩效、关系绩效作为内生潜变量建立研究模型,在多地展开实证调研,运用SPSS 和LISREL 软件进行探索性和验证性因子分析并得出结论。研究结果对于网络组织绩效理论和项目治理实践具有指导意义。 相似文献
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Drawing upon relevant concepts in organizational social theory (becoming ontology and processual view of complexity), and adopting an interpretative approach to studying organizational phenomena, this paper aims to make a contribution to the understanding of social processes in multi-organizational settings defined as 'construction projects'. The study takes a critical view on the claimed advantages of non-conventional, innovative project procurement strategies as integration-enhancing mechanisms at the project level. Taking a swimming pool construction project governed by an innovative procurement procedure known as 'two-stage tender' as a case in point, the paper evaluates the extent to which better project team integration has been achieved in this context. Two major concerns emerged from the case study analysis: (1) two-stage tendering is an incomplete solution to tensions, adversarial culture and a lack of genuine cooperation over time; and (2) there is a need for facilitating mechanisms of a different nature to support and sustain collective situated learning and shared understanding of longer-term benefits of collaborative work. Based on the theoretical considerations and the interpretation of the empirical accounts, the paper proposes and refines a conceptual framework for understanding the complexity of construction projects as social settings. In the light of this framework, alternative concepts and skills for enhanced collaborative interaction among participating parties in this kind of social setting are suggested. 相似文献
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项目管理信息化框架和模型研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
项目管理信息化是科技进步的要求,更是时代发展的必然趋势。项目管理信息化能够以较少的投入获得较优的效果,全面控制项目管理的全生命周期,对于完善项目管理意义重大。在研究与总结项目管理模式与信息技术应用的基础上,进一步探讨项目管理信息化中的有关问题与切实需求,从而论述项目管理信息化建设的方案模型和积极意义。 相似文献
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从分包商这一角色出发,结合从事海外工程的经验对国际工程承包市场中的风险进行了论述和分析,有针对性地提出了一些应对措施,为企业在国际市场上如何进行风险管理提供了宝贵的经验。 相似文献
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IPD 模式是一种以信任、协作与集成为思想基础的先进的项目交付模式,其为建设工程项目进行过程中由于各参与方间存在敌对关系而导致的项目风险控制效率较低的问题提供了新的解决思路。提出IPD 模式下的组织体系、操作系统及合同环境是实现有效风险控制的基础、保障与重要条件,厘清了IPD 模式下工程项目风险控制的原理。在理论分析的基础上,利用社会网络分析方法对IPD 模式风险控制系统中的组织体系进行深入研究,结果证明IPD 模式下的组织体系在项目风险控制方面具有显著优势。因此,工程项目参与方应增加彼此间的沟通与交流以进一步提高项目参与者间的信任程度,为工程项目实现高效风险控制提供牢固的组织关系基础。 相似文献
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Stephen D. Pryke 《Construction Management & Economics》2013,31(8):787-797
The construction industry is currently in transition as a result of innovations in procurement and project management approaches, in particular, the utilization of supply chain management, and technology or work clusters in the context of partnering relationships between project coalition actors and the client organization. These new strategies require an analytical method that deals with actor interdependence and provides an appropriate level of detail and quantitative data in relation to the non‐linear, complex, iterative and interactive process that construction projects comprise. The construction project is conceptualized as a number information exchange networks, classified according to the principal project functions and supported by performance incentive and contractual relationship networks. The point centrality of the project actors within these various networks provides quantitative data and graphical representation of the governance of construction projects and the changes brought about by innovations in procurement and project management techniques. Social network analysis (SNA) provides an important new quantitative approach in the comparative analysis of procurement and project management of construction projects. SNA enables traditional project coalition management approaches to be compared with those associated with innovative management approaches. Quantitative analysis relates to the appropriateness and effectiveness of both financial incentives and contractual conditions involved in the governance of construction projects. 相似文献
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Partnership working is nowadays a seemingly ubiquitous aspect of the management and delivery of public services, yet there remain major differences of opinion about how they best work for the different stakeholders they involve. The balances between mandate and trust, and between hard and soft power, are crucial to current debates about public service partnerships. This paper explores the example of social housing procurement in Northern Ireland, and the requirement to form mandated procurement groups. The research shows that the exercise of hierarchical power is still important in network governance; that mandated partnerships alter the balance between trust and power in partnership working, but the impact is uneven; and that these relationships are (re)shaping the ‘hybrid’ identity of housing associations. The balance between accountability for public resources and the independence of third sector organisations is the key tension in mandated partnerships. The Northern Ireland experience suggests that trust-based networks could provide more productive working relationships in partnerships for service delivery. 相似文献
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中国城市群制度一体化评估框架构建——基于多层级治理理论 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
经济全球化引发新一轮地域空间重组,城市群作为重要的地域空间组织单元其制度一体化的评估缺乏完善的评估理论框架与实证方法。现阶段,我国城市群制度建设多元化的情况下,建立一套完善的理论到实践的评估方法具有重要学术意义。研究发现,后福特制下,制度通过重塑治理模式实现国家空间的尺度重构。因此,本研究认为制度一体化的治理表征是形成多层级治理模式。进而,以多层级治理为理论框架,构建三组关系与两个层次的评估理论框架,即在宏观层次的城市群治理结构与微观层次个案型制度安排上检验层级政府间的科层关系、跨市区域合作关系与政府—市场—公民社会的三方关系。并构建评估实证框架,宏观层次上以社会网络分析、文本、桌面分析及半结构访谈识别城市群治理结构;微观层次以政策网络分析及焦点小组、深度访谈识别基于个案的制度安排。最终证明,简单构建评估指标忽视了制度特征与演化,可实证的理论评估与实践实证框架的建立有助于深度揭示城市群的制度一体化机制。 相似文献
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作为一种临时性的组织,大型复杂项目组织具有典型的社会属性,这根源于工程项目的社会性特征。传统的项目管理理论需要借助交叉学科来研究这一问题,社会学理论是其中的一个重要支撑。文章从大型复杂项目组织研究的重要性出发,对该问题进行了文献分析和评述。主要从理论和方法两个方面,包括工程社会学观和哲学观、工程伦理学观以及社会网络学观等,尤其对社会学中社会网络分析(Social Network Analysis,SNA)的应用进行了详细评述。期望对大型复杂项目组织的社会学视角的研究提供研究基础和启示。 相似文献
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Project success and client satisfaction are results of collaborative actions by project actors throughout the entire project life cycle. One principal factor in project success is the application of effective management tools. Gap analysis helps to achieve client satisfaction. However, gap analysis is unable to deal with the organic nature of information exchange between project actors. Social network analysis (SNA) enables the identification and analysis of information exchange and communication patterns in synergy with projects. Two case studies were carried out to identify gaps in the current linear project management approach. Gap analysis and SNA were used to analyse each project and to examine the research hypothesis on the use of SNA to identify network management gaps in projects. The gap analysis showed gaps of execution and conformance, which were confirmed by SNA. There was little evidence of project governance outside the project contractual arrangements during project execution. The current application approach of different management tools is limited in providing a whole‐project view. The combined application of gap analysis and SNA can help practitioners to exceed client expectations. 相似文献
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Consulting engineering companies strive for more innovation and flexibility as a response to the contradictory demands from the organization and an unpredictable business environment. In doing so, knowledge management strategies, project organization and the redesigning of office spaces are employed. A five-year longitudinal set of ethnographic studies uses multidisciplinary perspectives to examine organizational change and development in a consulting engineering firm. The analytic approach encompasses three dimensions: the development of the firm itself, the way in which it organizes its projects and the spatial/community dimension. This enables an understanding of the multiple, often contrasting, organizing dynamics in the organization as well as diverse interests and groups found within this type of organization. It finds that it is not only the clients of the company who rule in a 'project tyranny', but also other organizing dynamics that in contrast 'perforate' the projects and maintain professional communities. The 'tyranny' of projects affects the allocation of resources and the scheduling of work can constrain organizational and other innovations. An attempt to create a new organizational grouping in the studied engineering consultancy to 'perforate' the project-based structure and improve internal interactions within the organization reveals that although spatial integration is obtained, too few resources are allocated to support the change. The implications for other consulting engineering organizations are the need for multiple organizing principles and management to bridge contradictory and competing concerns for skill development, resource alignment and innovation efforts; and a need to focus on soft management practices such as mediation, brokering and coaching. 相似文献
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基于整体视角,研究 BIM 在工程项目建设中的应用价值,为工程项目建设各阶段如何深化 BIM 应用提供参考。以140 篇文献和 40 个工程案例为样本,提取了包含 50 个 BIM 应用价值点的清单;利用社会网络分析法(Social NetworkAnalysis, SNA)建构 M 和 C 两类关系网络,对 BIM 技术的应用现状进行可视化的定量分析。结果表明:在 BIM 应用中 4D可视化和施工模拟的频数最高;施工方案优化、辅助出图和图纸审核、深化设计的理论研究有限;提高组织间信任、辅助绩效管理的案例研究较少;信息集成的理论研究与案例研究差距最大。 相似文献
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目前,PPP 已成为我国公共服务与基础设施项目的一种主要的投融资模式。PPP 模式下,社会资本需要承担更大的融资义务,承担更大的风险。梳理准经营性 PPP 项目融资的相关概念,利用发放问卷的形式,识别利益相关方和风险因素,对风险因素进行聚类,并利用德尔斐法得出风险因素之间的关系矩阵,揭示准经营性 PPP 融资模式风险之间的关系结构。运用社会网络分析方法,构建网络模型,实现对准经营性 PPP 项目融资风险的定量分析,并得出影响准经营性 PPP 项目融资风险的关键风险因素。 相似文献