改进的双向SIFT特征匹配算法

以基于图像序列摄像机自标定为基础,针对尺度不变特征转换SIFT算法误匹配率高且运行效率低的问题,提出一种改进的双向SIFT特征匹配算法。在去除误匹配方面,首先采用双向匹配消除部分误匹配点对,然后结合视差梯度约束算法和随机抽样一致性RANSAC算法提纯匹配点对;在提高运行速度方面,首先在初匹配中采用K邻近算法,其次调整视差梯度约束迭代条件,都通过减少迭代次数来降低算法耗时。实验表明,改进后的算法在去除了大部分误匹配的基础上,保留了足够的匹配点对以用于摄像机空间位置和姿态的自动标定,且相较SIFT算法在运行速度上有了较大的改进。     

An improved parallel algorithm for maximal matching

A parallel O(log³ vbEvb) algorithm for finding a maximal matching in a graph G(V, E) is presented. The model of computation is the CRCW-PRAM, and vbVvb + vbEvb processors are used.This algorithm is a substantial improvement upon the two previous algorithms known to us. These algorithms by Karp and Wigderson (1984) and Lev (1980) achieve O(log⁴ vbEvb) depth with vbEvb³/log vbEvb and vbEvb + vbVvb processors respectively. The last one though having a better performance than the first, only applies to bipartite graphs.     

一种改进的BMHS模式匹配算法

模式匹配在计算机应用中扮演着很重要的角色。通过分析BM,BMH和BMHS算法及相关改进算法,提出BMHS算法的改进算法(DBMHS)。该算法(DBMHS)充分利用模式串两端字符,通过比较模式串两端字符的跳转距离来实现更大距离的跳转。实验证明,改进后的算法显著增加了匹配窗口的跳转距离,有效地提高了匹配效率。     

一种改进的OS I D的图像匹配算法

针对OSID在构建描述符时未考虑一个特征点的图像块里存在其他特征点,以及生成直方图描述子匹配速度较慢的问题,提出一种基于OSID的改进二进制描述符.在OSID描述符构建的过程中,扇形个数m的选择是固定的,因此提出当一个特征点的图像块里有多个特征点时,尝试将m的值自适应,丰富描述子所包含的信息,提高算法的正确匹配率;并将...     

An improved graph cut algorithm in stereo matching

In stereo matching tasks, the matching effect is often very poor when the texture of the region is weak or repeated. To solve this problem, an improved Graph Cut stereo matching algorithm based on Census transform is proposed. The Hamming distance of the corresponding pixels in the left and right images after Census transform is introduced as the similarity measure in the data term of the energy function. In this way, the dependence on the pixel value is reduced. The stereo matching experiments are implemented on the standard images of Middlebury stereo benchmark and the real scene images, and it demonstrates that our algorithm is robust and can obtain better performance in weak texture or repeated texture region.     

Adaptive generation of hexahedral element mesh using an improved grid-based method

An improved grid-based algorithm for the adaptive generation of hexahedral finite element mesh is presented in this paper. It is named as the inside-out grid-based method and involves the following four steps. The first step is the generation of an initial grid structure which envelopes the analyzed solid model completely. And the elements size and density maps are constructed based on the surface curvature and local thickness of the solid model. Secondly, the core mesh is generated through removing all the undesired elements using even and odd parity rules. The third step is to magnify the core mesh in an inside-out manner through a surface node projection process using the closest position approach. To match the mesh to the characteristic boundary of the solid model, a minimal Scaled Jacobian criterion is employed. Finally, in order to handle the degenerated elements and improve the quality of the resulting mesh, two comprehensive techniques are employed: the insertion technique and collapsing technique. The present method was applied in the mesh construction of different engineering problems. Scaled Jacobian and Skew metrics are used to evaluate the hexahedral element mesh quality. The application results show that all-hexahedral element meshes which are well-shaped and capture all the geometric features of the original solid models can be generated using the inside-out grid-based method presented in this paper.     

A consistent octree hanging node elimination algorithm for hexahedral mesh generation

A new algorithm for hanging node elimination in octree structures is developed. The proposed algorithm utilizes hanging node elimination by refinement templates and a new mesh conditioning technique based on decoupling templates. Refinement templates insert transition elements to eliminate hanging nodes. Decoupling templates insert circular loops in the dual mesh without introducing or removing hanging nodes. Decoupling templates are introduced to avoid full refinement in the cases that do not match any of the available refinement templates. The proposed algorithm eliminates hanging nodes for concavely refined regions without excessive refinement. Another advantage of the proposed algorithm lies in eliminating narrow gaps of coarse meshes between refined regions. This step has a positive effect on the mesh quality as it avoids introducing non-regular templates with a limited penalty of uniform refinement. The presented algorithm produces good quality meshes and provides a consistent and complete method for producing conformally refined octree structures.     

一种基于改进Rank变换的图像匹配算法

为了解决传统Rank非参数变换匹配算法存在的问题,提出了一种基于改进Rank变换的图像匹配算法.引入Rank变换并研究其局限性,将变换窗口内所有像素的灰度平均值作为匹配像素的灰度值.对于和匹配像素相对位置相差为1个单位的邻域像素,其灰度值保持不变;对于其他位置像素灰度值用二维双线性插值法获得.将图像实现改进Rank变换...     

一种改进的基于图割的立体匹配算法

为了提高立体匹配算法的精确度,提出了一种结合图割与Mean Shift图像分割的立体匹配算法。首先用Mean Shift算法对参考图像进行图像分割,得到分割后的标记图,然后将分割信息结合到图割算法的能量函数中,最后用改进的能量函数和图割算法得出致密的视差图。实验结果表明,提出的算法具有更高的精确度和更好的边缘特征。     

An improved block-based matching algorithm of copy-move forgery detection

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Copy-move forgery is a common way of image tampering. Matching algorithm is the key step in copy-move forgery detection. Usually, the classical block-based...     

一种改进的基于三角形折叠的网格简化算法

在已有的基于三角形折叠网格简化算法的基础之上，提出了一种改进的算法。对原算法的误差矩阵的计算进行了改进，提出了一种简单的误差控制方法。该改进的简化算法不仅能减少模型中的三角形数目和保持模型拓扑结构，而且实现简单、速度快。     

An improved cultural algorithm and its application in image matching

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Cultural Algorithm (CA) are a class of computational models derived from observing the cultural evolution process in nature and is used to solve complex...     

Seams and wedges in plastering: A 3-D hexahedral mesh generation algorithm

This paper describes mesh correction techniques necessary for meshing an arbitrary volume with a completely hexahedral mesh. Specifically, it describes seams and wedges, mechanisms that overcome major hurdles encountered in the preliminary work on the plastering algorithm. The plastering algorithm iteratively projects layers of elements inward from a quadrilateral discretization of the volume's bounding faces. Seams and wedges resolve incompatibilities in the mesh and in the progressing boundary, thus ensuring the correct formation of a hexahedral mesh from the plastering algorithm.     

A strategy of automatic hexahedral mesh generation by using an improved whisker-weaving method with a surface mesh modification procedure

One of the demands for three dimensional (3D) finite element analyses is the development of an automatic hexahedral mesh generator. For this problem, several methods have been proposed by many researchers. However, reliable automatic hexahedral mesh generation has not been developed at present. In this paper, a new strategy of fully automatic hexahedral mesh generation is proposed. In this strategy, the prerequisite for generating a hexahedral mesh is a quadrilateral surface mesh. From the given surface mesh, combinatorial dual cycles (sheet loops for the whisker-weaving algorithm) are generated to produce a hexahedral mesh. Since generating a good quality hexahedral mesh does not depend only on the quality of quadrilaterals of the surface mesh but also on the quality of the sheet loops generated from it, a surface mesh modification method to remove self-intersections from sheet loops is developed. Next, an automatic hexahedral mesh generator by the improved whisker-weaving algorithm is developed in this paper. By creating elements and nodes on 3D real space during the weaving process, it becomes possible to generate a hexahedral mesh with fewer bad-quality elements. Several examples will be presented to show the validity of the proposed mesh generation strategy.     

As-rigid-as-possible mesh deformation and its application in hexahedral mesh generation

This paper presents an efficient and stable as-rigid-as-possible mesh deformation algorithm for planar shape deformation and hexahedral mesh generation. The deformation algorithm aims to preserve two local geometric properties: scale-invariant intrinsic variables and elastic deformation energy, which are together represented in a quadric energy function. To preserve these properties, the position of each vertex is further adjusted by iteratively minimizing this quadric energy function to meet the position constraint of the controlling points. Experimental results show that the deformation algorithm is efficient, and can obtain physically plausible results, which have the same topology structure with the original mesh. Such a mesh deformation method is useful to project the source surface mesh onto the target surfaces in hexahedral mesh generation based on sweep method, and application results show that the proposed method is feasible to mesh projection not only between similar surface contours but also dissimilar surface contours.     

Erratum to: An improved block-based matching algorithm of copy-move forgery detection

Multimedia Tools and Applications -     

基于改进网格运动统计特征的图像匹配算法

为了解决尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）算法在图像匹配中匹配正确率低、耗时长等问题，提出一种基于改进网格运动统计特征RANSAC-GMS的图像匹配算法。首先，利用快速旋转不变性特征（ORB）算法对图像进行预匹配，对预匹配的特征点采用网格运动统计（GMS）来支持估计量以实现正确匹配点与错误匹配点的区分；然后，采用改进的随机抽样一致性（RANSAC）算法通过匹配点间的距离相似性对特征点进行筛选，并采用评价函数对筛选后的新数据集进行重新整理，进而实现对误匹配点的剔除。采用Oxford标准图库和现实中拍摄的图像对图像匹配算法进行测试对比，实验结果表明，所提算法在图像匹配中的平均匹配正确率达到91%以上；与GMS、SIFT、ORB等算法相比，该改进算法的近景匹配正确率和远景匹配正确率分别最少提高了16.15个百分点和3.56个百分点，说明它能有效剔除误匹配点，进一步提高图像匹配精度。     

Template matching using an improved electromagnetism-like algorithm

Template matching (TM) plays an important role in several image-processing applications such as feature tracking, object recognition, stereo matching, and remote sensing. The TM approach seeks for the best-possible resemblance between a subimage known as template and its coincident region within a source image. TM involves two critical aspects: similarity measurement and search strategy. The simplest available TM method aims for the best-possible coincidence between the images through an exhaustive computation of the normalized cross-correlation (NCC) values (similarity measurement) for all elements of the source image (search strategy). Recently, several TM algorithms that are based on evolutionary approaches have been proposed to reduce the number of NCC operations by calculating only a subset of search locations. In this paper, a new algorithm based on the electromagnetism-like algorithm (EMO) is proposed to reduce the number of search locations in the TM process. The algorithm uses an enhanced EMO version, which incorporates a modification of the local search procedure to accelerate the exploitation process. As a result, the new EMO algorithm can substantially reduce the number of fitness function evaluations while preserving the good search capabilities of the original EMO. In the proposed approach, particles represent search locations, which move throughout the positions of the source image. The NCC coefficient, considered as the fitness value (charge extent), evaluates the matching quality presented between the template image and the coincident region of the source image, for a determined search position (particle). The number of NCC evaluations is also reduced by considering a memory, which stores the NCC values previously visited to avoid the re-evaluation of the same search locations (particles). Guided by the fitness values (NCC coefficients), the set of candidate positions are evolved through EMO operators until the best-possible resemblance is determined. The conducted simulations show that the proposed method achieves the best balance over other TM algorithms in terms of estimation accuracy and computational cost.     

改进型SIFT立体匹配算法研究

针对机器人视觉系统立体匹配中存在的匹配重复或错误等问题,提出了一种基于尺度不变特征变换（Scale Invariant Feature Transform,SIFT算法）和余弦相似度匹配规则的立体匹配方法。该方法以左、右两幅图像中特征向量较多的图像作为基准匹配图像,另一幅图像作为待匹配图像;再由二者的特征向量之间的余弦相似度所建立的匹配规则进行立体匹配。实验结果表明,改进型立体匹配方法有效地降低了匹配错误或重复比,具有较强的鲁棒性,匹配效果较佳,更加有利于机器人视觉系统的三维重建与定位。