移动支付相关技术与专利分析

随着互联网购物高速发展和智能手机的全面普及,移动支付被广泛使用.检索了移动支付的专利申请文件,从专利角度分析了移动支付所采用的各种技术.同时通过对中国移动支付技术的专利申请趋势、专利分布和重要申请人的专利布局进行分析,得出了不同申请人在移动支付领域的研究方向.通过分析,可以了解移动支付所采用的各种技术以及相关公司的专利布局,为该领域的研究方向提供参考.     

移动支付业务及安全技术研究

伴随着智能手机的普遍使用,用户通过随身携带的手机来完成支付业务的需求更加普及.但是,随着移动支付规模的大幅增长,移动支付业务各个环节中所面临的安全问题更加不容忽视.文中对移动支付所面临的安全问题进行了详尽的分析,同时针对这些问题,提出了基于当前主流安全技术的解决方案,为移动支付业务的安全保障提供参考.     

Future personal "e-payment": IrFM

There is widespread distribution of millions of mobile devices such as mobile phones and PDAs with infrared data association (IrDA) ports to consumers worldwide. Rapid advancements in both device technology and users' capabilities are the foundations for a new digital payment system, which promises to change the traditional method of payments. By utilizing standard IrDA indoor infrared technology, infrared financial messaging (IrFM) is a financial messaging specification with great prospects for future digital payment systems. In this article, we carry out a comprehensive analysis of IrFM, clarify the benefits of using such a system, and develop a model which allows us to identify the significance of major performance factors of digital payment systems. Issues concerning connection speed, security, reliability, simplicity, and interoperability of IrFM are investigated.     

A Trusted Smart Phone and Its Applications in Electronic Payment

With the growing intelligence and popularity of mobile phones, and the trend of cellular network＇s convergence to IP based network, more and more mobile applications emerge on the market. For mission critical applications, like the electronic payment which will be discussed in this paper, the lack of trust in the underlying mobile infrastructure and secure interface to legacy systems （for this case, the banking systems） poses obstacles to their widespread presence in mobile services. Recently, the exposure of hacking of iPhone and other smart phones further emphasizes the criticality of establishing a trust platform for mobile applications. This paper analyzes the building blocks of the trusted smart phone, and proposes a framework to provide a trusted platform for mobile electronic payment. Such a proposed system may allow direct interface to the banking systems due to the banking industry recognized strong security, and hence, may enable its widespread use.     

"Ring-Ring" Might Soon Mean Ka-Ching

Readers of the technology industry tea leaves could reach one of two conclusions regarding widespread deployment of a global pay-by-mobile-phone infrastructure: either it so close it will be ubiquitous within three or four years or it so overhyped by mobile carriers that it could be a decade away. The GSM Association, the industry umbrella organization of GSM mobile network operators, announced two major initiatives in which mobile phones would serve as transaction devices. One is a mobile money transfer plan that would enable migrant workers to wire money back home to their families more quickly and easily than existing methods. The other is a worldwide "pay-buy mobile" initiative that would enable payment by mobile phones equipped with chips similar to those on smart cards     

手机支付的终端安全威胁及应对措施综述

近年来,智能手机及相关应用的发展非常迅速,手机支付业务也随之兴起。作为安全性要求最高的应用类型之一,手机支付应用在手机终端上除了面临一般性的安全威胁,还面临支付应用特定的安全威胁。本文分析和总结了手机支付在终端上面临的各类安全威胁,提出了在各环节实施安全措施的基本思路,并具体介绍了各环节的具体安全措施,为手机支付应用的开发和测评提供指导。     

手机无线充电系统的设计与实现

设计了一种基于半桥式逆变技术和磁感应耦合技术的无线充电系统,整个系统由电源模块、整流滤波模块、高频逆变模块及分离式变压器4部分组成。采用多个初级线圈并联的方式为多个手机类负载同时供电,并通过分离式变压器线圈的优化设计提高了系统性能。测试结果表明该系统克服了采用单个初级线圈充电区域不足、各个设备充电效率低的缺点,减弱了待充电设备间的相互干扰,使其充电效率相当且都能获得基本恒定的电压,具有能量传输效果好、安全方便、成本低、适用范围广等优势。     

Design and Performance Studies of an Adaptive Scheme for Serving Dynamic Web Content in a Mobile Computing Environment

Currently, people gain easy access to an increasingly diverse range of mobile devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), smart phones, and handheld computers. As dynamic content has become dominant on the fast-growing World Wide Web (C. Yuan et al., 2003), it is necessary to provide effective ways for the users to access such prevalent Web content in a mobile computing environment. During a course of browsing dynamic content on mobile devices, the requested content is first dynamically generated by remote Web server, then transmitted over a wireless network, and, finally, adapted for display' on small screens. This leads to considerable latency and processing load on mobile devices. By integrating a novel Web content adaptation algorithm and an enhanced caching strategy, we propose an adaptive scheme called MobiDNA for serving dynamic content in a mobile computing environment. To validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed MobiDNA system, we construct an experimental testbed to investigate its performance. Experimental results demonstrate that this scheme can effectively improve mobile dynamic content browsing, by improving Web content readability on small displays, decreasing mobile browsing latency, and reducing wireless bandwidth consumption     

A Low Computational-Cost Electronic Payment Scheme for Mobile Commerce with Large-Scale Mobile Users

The electronic transactions on wireless mobile networks, which are also called mobile commerce, become more and more popular in recent years. In mobile commerce, the electronic payment is the most important component and thus many electronic payment schemes for mobile commerce are proposed. However, these schemes need to maintain a large authentication table for a large amount of mobile users. In addition, these schemes have heavy computation loads so they are not suitable for low computational-ability mobile devices. To overcome the above drawbacks, we propose a low computation-cost electronic payment scheme for mobile commerce in this paper. The proposed scheme can be applied to large-scale mobile user environments without maintaining a large authentication table. Moreover, the proposed scheme has low computation loads for mobile users because the elliptic curve cryptography is adopted in the proposed scheme. Therefore, the proposed scheme is more efficient and practical than the related works.     

Overflow control for cellular mobility database

In a cellular phone system, the service area is partitioned into several location areas (LAs). Every LA is associated with a mobility database called visitor location register (VLR). When a mobile user enters an LA, the user must register to the VLR before receiving any cellular service. If the VLR is full, the registration procedure fails and the system cannot deliver services to the user under the existing cellular technology. To resolve this problem, we propose a VLR overflow control scheme to accommodate the incoming mobile users during VLR overflow. Our scheme only requires minor modifications to the existing cellular mobility management protocols. Particularly, no modification is made to the mobile phones. An analytic model is proposed to investigate the performance of the overflow control scheme. When exercising the scheme, the call setup procedure for an “overflow” user is more expensive than that for a “normal” user. Under the range of input parameters considered in our study, we show that even if the VLR overflow situation is serious, the overhead for exercising the overflow control scheme is very low     

Cross-Layer Design for MRT Systems with Channel Estimation Error and Feedback Delay

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beamforming is a joint spatial diversity scheme applied in frequency selective channels to enhance system performance. In uplink transmission, the impact of correlation of path gains and mutual coupling at transmitters cannot be ignored because of the size constraint on mobile terminals. In this paper, an iterative MIMO beamforming algorithm with maximal ratio transmit-maximal ratio combining (MRT-MRC) strategy is presented to improve the output signal-to-noise and interference ratio in the presence of spatial correlation and mutual coupling between transmit elements. To reduce the complexity of systems, we also propose an equal gain transmit-maximal ratio combining (EGT-MRC) scheme. In contrast to MRT-MRC scheme, this algorithm can provide better system performance. The results of numerical simulations verify the advantages of this scheme.     

中国手机终端市场需求特点及需量测算

中国手机终端市场是一个持续快速增长和规模庞大的市场。同时手机终端外观、性能等变化以及2G向3G的发展,都在驱动手机终端市场的发展。文章从市场发展的驱动因素出发,分析了未来中国手机终端市场的需求特点,指出目前中国手机终端市场需求的多样性并分析了各种因素的影响,提出了一个模型,对手机终端的需求量进行了测算。     

TelecomI+D06: Automatic recovering of RTSP sessions in mobile telephones using JADE-LEAP

Streaming is a technique used to transmit information over the network so that its issuing from the server, its communication along the network and its downloading and processing on the client overlapp, and moreover it must not be saved in the client memory. This technique is very effective for transmitting multimedia information (video) and is very suitable for mobile phones because there is no need to store the video in its memory that it is limited (data storage is still quite limited in the last generation mobile phones indeed). While the transmission speed of wireless networks has increased significantly, this technique is still very effective because it hides the latency of the network. On the other hand, the various wireless communication technologies used by mobile phones today (mainly Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Bluetooth and 3G) are very likely to suffer physical intermittent disconnections making them miss the video streaming session every time a mobile phone loses network coverage for a certain time and forces him to reconnect manually, with the consequent loss of effectiveness of the streaming technique (that is lost due to the effectiveness of concealment of network latency). This work shows an automatic recovery solution for lost video stream and missed session by creating a new mechanism based on proxies implemented with software agents of the Java platform software DEvelopment framework-Lightweight Extensible Agent Platform (JADE-LEAP). As far as our knowledge, this is the first time the efficient use of this platform for streaming video on mobile phones is tested. In addition, the experimental results obtained are very promising for its effectiveness and relevance to the practical case studies we've tested.     

Security analysis of an ultra‐lightweight RFID authentication protocol for m‐commerce

Nowadays, many people perform their commercial activities, such as electronic payment and electronic banking, through their mobile phones. Mobile commerce (m‐commerce) refers to manipulating electronic commerce (e‐commerce) by using mobile devices and wireless networks. Radio‐frequency identification (RFID) is a technology which can be employed to complete payment functions on m‐commerce. As an RFID subsystem is applied in m‐commerce and supply chains, the related security concerns are very important. Recently, Fan et al. have proposed an ultra‐lightweight RFID authentication scheme for m‐commerce (ULRAS) and claimed that their protocol is efficient enough and provides a high level of security. In this paper, we show that their protocol is vulnerable to secret disclosure and reader impersonation attacks. Finally, we improve it to a protocol that is resistant to the attacks presented in this paper and the other known attacks in the context of RFID authentication. We further analyze the security of the improved protocol through the Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic (BAN‐logic). Moreover, our proposed improvement does not impose any additional workload on the RFID tag.     

Mobile Payment Based on Transaction Certificate Using Cloud Self‐Proxy Server

Recently, mobile phones have been recognized as the most convenient type of mobile payment device. However, they have some security problems; therefore, mobile devices cannot be used for unauthorized transactions using anonymous data by unauthenticated users in a cloud environment. This paper suggests a mobile payment system that uses a certificate mode in which a user receives a paperless receipt of a product purchase in a cloud environment. To address mobile payment system security, we propose the transaction certificate mode (TCM), which supports mutual authentication and key management for transaction parties. TCM provides a software token, the transaction certificate token (TCT), which interacts with a cloud self‐proxy server (CSPS). The CSPS shares key management with the TCT and provides simple data authentication without complex encryption. The proposed self‐creating protocol supports TCM, which can interactively communicate with the transaction parties without accessing a user's personal information. Therefore, the system can support verification for anonymous data and transaction parties and provides user‐based mobile payments with a paperless receipt.     

基于Android的无线点菜系统的设计与实现

针对无线点餐日渐兴起的趋势,将Android移动技术、无线局域网技术和Web开发技术相结合,设计并实现了基于Android的无线点菜系统。该系统采用B/S三层结构进行开发,降低了模块间的耦合,提高了代码的可维护性。同时,将系统与手机结合,不仅为商家节省了硬件费用,还可优化管理流程。     

多码元差分解调CPFSK算法的改进

连续相位频移键控（CPFSK）信号广泛应用于便携式移动通信系统。在CPFSK的各种解调技术中,多码元差分解调方案表现卓越。但是,该算法存在硬件开销大的缺点。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种更实用的多码元差分解调改进型算法。当采用完全响应4CPFSK信号,在AWGN信道下,BER性能达到10^-3时,提出的改进型算法比原始算法在Eb／N0方面多需要0．9dB,但它的系统复杂度只有原来的1／10。所以,改进型算法更适合于移动通信系统的应用。     

Analysis and Comparison of Location Strategies for Reducing Registration Cost in PCS Networks

In mobile environments, a personal communication service (PCS) network must keep track of the location of each mobile user in order to correctly deliver calls. A basic scheme used in the standard IS-41 and GSM protocols is to always update the location of a mobile user whenever the mobile user moves to a new location. The problem with this approach is that the cost of location update operations is very high especially when the mobile user moves frequently. In recent years, various location management strategies for reducing the location update cost have been proposed. However, the performance issue of these proposed algorithms remains to be investigated. In this paper, we develop two Markov chains to analyze and compare the performance of two promising location update strategies, i.e., the two location algorithm (TLA) and the forwarding and resetting algorithm (FRA). By utilizing the Markov chain, we are able to quickly answer what-if questions regarding the performance of PCS networks under various workload conditions and also identify conditions under which one strategy can perform better than the others. Using the cost due to location update and search operations between two successive calls to a mobile user as a performance measure, we show that when the mobile user exhibits a high degree of locality and the mobile user's call-to-mobility ratio (CMR) is low, TLA can significantly outperform both FRA and IS-41. On the other hand, when CMR is high, FRA is the winner. Furthermore, unlike TLA which may perform worse than IS-41 at high CMR values, FRA at identified optimal conditions can always perform at least as good as IS-41, suggesting that FRA over TLA should be used as a generic scheme in reducing the location cost in the PCS network to cover all possible per-user CMR values.     

RF-IPD directional coupler for mobile RFID handset applications

To offer RFID services on mobile phones, the RFID reader must be embedded on the handset as a chip. However, the directional coupler, a ceramic passive component used in conventional RFID readers with identical Tx/Rx carrier frequency, has been too large for cellular handset applications. A miniaturised directional coupler design for UHF RFID mobile readers using an IPD (integrated passive device) process is presented. Parallel-coupled line theory has been used for formulation of a T-type and a -type coupler. Couplers with dimensions of 1.74 1.6 mm and 1.32 1.4 mm were assembled using the IPD process.     

MMS能否掀起又一轮短信热潮

MMS手机市场的启动归根结底要靠MMS业务的推广，具体而言涉及运营商的市场促销策略、手机厂商的推广策略、内容供应商的内容提供、用户的换机需求等方面。如果将彩信再造为移动数据产业链的杀手级业务，运营商要联合终端生产厂商和内容供应商共同关注如下问题：重视价值链中良好关系的建立．内容提拱要更丰富．努力冲破互联互通壁垒，彩信手机供应更加多样化，彩信手机价格将分化。