番荔枝籽中脂肪酸的提取和气相色谱-质谱联用分析

目的:对番荔枝籽中的油脂进行提取和脂肪酸组成分析。方法:采用索氏提取法对番荔枝籽中的油脂进行提取,甲酯化后运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行分析和鉴定。结果:番荔枝籽油得率为(24.17±1.08)%,番荔枝籽油脂中含有16种脂肪酸,主要的脂肪酸为油酸(42.91%)、亚油酸(38.53%)、2,6,10,14-四甲基十五烷酸(15.43%)、十八碳三烯酸(1.33%)、花生油酸(1.27%)和十七烷酸(0.52%)等,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达82.77%以上。结论:番荔枝油脂富含不饱和脂肪酸,具有较高的营养价值和保健功能。     

山茱萸籽油提取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析

优选山茱萸籽油超声提取工艺条件,分析含油的脂肪酸组成。以提取时间、超声功率、提取温度、固液比为影响因素,通过均匀设计法优选山茱萸籽油的最佳提取工艺为:提取时间22min,超声功率136W,提取温度52℃,固液比1∶29,最佳得率为7.366%;通过气相色谱法从山茱萸籽油中鉴定出6种主要脂肪酸,占总脂肪酸含量的99.013%,其中亚油酸(71.190%)为山茱萸籽油的主要脂肪酸,其他依次为油酸(18.594%)、顺-10-十五碳烯酸(5.377%)、硬脂酸(2.176%)、α-亚麻酸(1.226%)、顺-11-二十碳烯酸(0.450%)。实验结果表明,山茱萸籽油富含不饱和脂肪酸,具有很高的营养价值,并且是很好的亚油酸来源。     

新疆石榴籽油的超声辅助提取工艺及GC-MS分析

以新疆石榴籽为原料,超声辅助溶剂法提取石榴籽油,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验确定了超声辅助溶剂法提取石榴籽油的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,石榴籽油的最佳提取工艺条件为:石油醚(60~90℃)为提取溶剂,石榴籽粉碎粒度60目,料液比1∶10,超声功率240 W,超声处理时间50 min,超声处理温度45℃;在该条件下,石榴籽提油率为15.09%。GC-MS分析结果显示,石榴籽油的主要脂肪酸为:棕榈酸6.24%、亚油酸14.64%、油酸11.11%、硬脂酸3.97%、石榴酸43.46%、9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸11.31%、6,9,12-十八碳三烯酸9.28%。     

八角金盘籽油和果油的超声波-微波协同提取及其脂肪酸组成比较

采用微波-超声协同提取法,通过正交优化制备八角金盘籽油和果油,并比较两种油脂的理化特性和脂肪酸组成。结果表明：提取时间90 s、微波功率250 W、液料比10 mL/g 时,籽油出油率为34.43%;提取时间150 s、微波功率250 W、液料比10 mL·g-1 时,果油出油率为11.32%。籽油出油率明显比果油高。两种油脂除碘值外,其他理化指标差异不明显,其理化指标均达到GB / T 2716-2018食用植物油国家标准。籽油的主要脂肪酸为十五碳一烯酸(3.08%)、亚油酸(7.04%)、油酸(87.42%),其中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为98.64%;果油的主要脂肪酸为花生酸(0.96%)、亚麻酸(1.71%)、硬脂酸(3.25%)、棕榈酸(5.08%)、油酸(25.96%)、亚油酸(61.61%),不饱和脂肪酸含量为89.52%。本研究为八角金盘油脂的开发利用提供了科学依据和技术参考。     

气质联用法分析赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中脂肪酸

采用气质联用法(GC/MS法)分析赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中脂肪酸组成,样品用正己烷提取,氢氧化钾-甲醇法甲酯化,归一化法计算含量。结果显示,干红葡萄酒中主要含有己酸、辛酸、十一烷酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、肉豆蔻烯酸、十五烷酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、十七烷酸、十七碳烯酸、硬脂酸、油酸、反油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生酸、花生一烯酸、山嵛酸、顺-13,16-二十二碳二烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸、神经酸、木焦油酸等23种脂肪酸。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定黑豆果籽脂肪酸含量

采用气相色谱-质谱法对黑豆果籽脂肪酸组成及含量进行研究,鉴定出其含棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、γ-亚麻酸、哥伦比酸、二十碳酸、二十碳一烯酸、二十碳二烯酸;主要组分油酸占14.8％,亚油酸占42.8％,α-亚麻酸占14.7％,γ-亚麻酸占13.8％,不饱和脂肪酸总量达90.4％,特别是γ-亚麻酸相对含量较高,黑豆果籽具有很高保健价值和良好开发前景。     

响应面法优化微波辅助提取樱桃籽油工艺及其脂肪酸分析

目的:响应面法优化樱桃籽油的微波提取工艺并对其脂肪酸进行GC-MS分析,以期优化樱桃子油的最佳提取工艺条件,并对其不饱和脂肪酸含量进行分析,为工业化生产提供依据。方法:使用响应面法优化樱桃籽油的微波辅助提取工艺,采用氢氧化钾-甲醇法对樱桃籽油进行甲酯化,并用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对樱桃籽油进行脂肪酸组成成分分析。结果:樱桃籽油提取的最佳工艺条件为微波温度60℃,微波时间7min,料液比1∶15(g/m L),微波功率600W。在此最佳提取条件下,樱桃籽油的提取得率为4.58%。GC-MS共分离出6种脂肪酸,分别为棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸、十九烷酸、反-十八碳酸和十八碳二烯酸,其中棕榈酸、亚油酸、反-十八碳酸的含量分别为19.33%、30.48%、42.45%,不饱和脂肪酸总脂肪酸含量为77.87%。结论:樱桃籽油提取的最佳工艺条件为微波温度60℃,微波时间7min,料液比1∶15(g/m L),微波功率600W。GC-MS共分离出6种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸总脂肪酸含量为77.87%。     

山橿籽油提取工艺优化及其脂肪酸组成分析

采用单因素实验和响应面实验,以山橿籽油得率为评价指标,对超声波辅助提取山橿籽油的工艺条件进行了优化,并用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析了山橿籽油脂肪酸组成。结果表明:以正己烷为提取溶剂,在料液比1∶18、超声功率200 W、超声提取时间16 min条件下,山橿籽油得率为44.7%。山橿籽油脂肪酸主要成分为5-十二碳烯酸(33.66%)、十二碳酸(30.48%)、十四碳酸(15.51%)、5-十四碳烯酸(8.29%)、油酸(5.69%)、棕榈酸(1.54%),饱和脂肪酸相对含量为48.46%,不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为48.35%。     

响应面法优化超临界CO_2萃取栝楼籽油

通过响应面法(response surface methodology)优化超临界二氧化碳萃取栝楼籽油工艺,采用DesignExpert软件对试验数据进行分析,气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry)对萃取栝楼籽油进行成分分析。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为萃取压力29.75 MPa,萃取温度45.1℃,萃取时间为175.8min,栝楼籽油萃取得率为32.82%,栝楼籽油主要成分为棕榈酸(7.90%)、α-亚麻酸(28.23%)、亚油酸(39.33%)和油酸(22.57%)为主,另外检出不饱和脂肪酸7-棕榈烯酸(0.40%)、γ-亚麻酸(0.22%)和11-二十碳烯酸(0.30%),同时检出不饱和烃类角鲨烯(0.33%)。萃取时间、萃取压力、萃取温度对栝楼籽油超临界CO_2萃取工艺有显著的影响,栝楼籽油不饱和脂肪酸质量分数达90.59%。     

茶树品种及提取工艺对茶叶籽油脂肪酸组成的影响

本试验对不同茶树品种茶叶籽油及不同工艺条件提取的茶叶籽油脂肪酸组成进行了分析。结果显示:不同品种茶叶籽油饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸比值约为1.0∶2.4∶1.3,其中棕榈酸质量分数为14.11%~16.99%、油酸为46.33%~55.48%、亚油酸为23.17%~29.40%,3种脂肪酸质量分数在90%以上,且品种对其质量分数影响较小;28个品种茶叶籽油中均检测到17种脂肪酸,主成分分析显示硬脂酸、异油酸、十七碳酸、棕榈油酸为特征脂肪酸,其质量分数可用于品种鉴别;茶叶籽油4种提取工艺对质量分数1%以上的棕榈酸、油酸、异油酸、亚油酸无明显差异,变异系数均小于10%,对质量分数低于1%的脂肪酸肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸、亚麻酸、花生酸、二十二碳一烯酸、二十二碳二烯酸、山嵛酸、二十四碳酸、二十二碳六烯酸相对质量分数影响较大,变异系数均在10%以上。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press