基于排列熵的振动信号小波包阈值去噪研究

工程实践中的振动信号往往存在噪声干扰而导致信号特征信息无法显露,传统小波包软、硬阈值函数去噪形式固定,无法依据信号小波包分解系数的噪声干扰情况进行调整.据此,提出一种新的介于软、硬阈值函数之间的改进小波包阈值函数,并将排列熵作为信号含噪情况表征参数引入阈值函数中.对信号小波包系数进行排列熵计算,并依据该值对阈值函数进行自适应调整,使得新的阈值函数能够对含噪较多的小波包系数进行大尺度收缩而对含实际信号特征较多的小波包系数尽可能地保留,从而达到最佳的去噪效果.对滚动轴承振动实验信号的去噪分析,并与其他方法进行对比,验证了该方法的有效性与优越性.     

基于模糊剪枝的最优小波包基图像压缩算法

提出一种基于模糊剪枝的最优小波包基图像压缩算法。图像经完全小波包分解后,以每个小波包分解的高频系数占所有高频系数的比值及每个节点子女熵值与原节点熵值的比值作为模糊系统的2个输入;通过构造模糊规则,将小波包系数分为裁剪类和保留类,由保留类构造最优小波包基;根据最优小波包基,在不同的小波包分解层次上采用不同的阈值对图像进行压缩。仿真实验结果表明,该算法与比特-失真率优化算法和小波包最优树全局阈值压缩算法相比性能更优。     

基于小波包分解的 SAR图像压缩 *

针对 SAR图像含有丰富的中、高频信息 ,而基于小波变换的图像压缩方法会丢失高频细节信息 ,提出了基于小波包分解的 SAR图像编码算法。小波包变换对 SAR图像进行完全分解 ,再用与后续编码器相关联的代价函数进行最佳基搜索 ,然后根据各子带小波包系数的重要性进行加权 ,采用多级树集合分裂算法 ( SPIHT)编码。实验结果表明 ,该算法更好地保留了 SAR图像的细节信息 ,获得了同压缩比下优于传统 SPIHT算法的编码性能 ,更有利于后续图像处理。     

基于小波系数相关性的图像隐写分析

提出了一种基于小波包分解和小波系数相关性的通用型图像隐写分析方法。对差分处理后的图像进行小波包分解,提取图像及其小波子带的高阶统计量作为特征。利用图像小波系数在尺度方向和空间方向的相关性,使用马尔可夫模型挖掘小波系数层内和层间相关性,提取转移概率矩阵作为特征。针对H4PGP、F5和OutGuess隐写算法的实验表明,方法对上述三种隐写算法具有较好的检测效果。     

基于"能量-缺陷"的金属基复合材料缺陷信号特征提取

将小渡包多分辨率分析与能量谱相结合,提出了一种复合材料缺陷特征提取的方法一“能量-缺陷”法;首先将检测到的复合材料缺陷超声信号进行3层小波包分解,在通频带范围内得到分布在不同频段内的分解序列,进而分别求出各频段的总能量,选取最能反映缺陷特征的参数一“能量特征向量”作为特征参数,进行缺陷的识别;以金属基复合材料超声信号为例,运用“能量-缺陷”法进行了缺陷信号特征提取,试验表明此方法是一种行之有效的新方法。为复合材料缺陷检测与识别开拓了新的思路。     

A new optimum feature extraction and classification method for speaker recognition: GWPNN

Speech and speaker recognition is an important topic to be performed by a computer system. In this paper, an expert speaker recognition system based on optimum wavelet packet entropy is proposed for speaker recognition by using real speech/voice signal. This study contains both the combination of the new feature extraction and classification approach by using optimum wavelet packet entropy parameter values. These optimum wavelet packet entropy values are obtained from measured real English language speech/voice signal waveforms using speech experimental set. A genetic-wavelet packet-neural network (GWPNN) model is developed in this study. GWPNN includes three layers which are genetic algorithm, wavelet packet and multi-layer perception. The genetic algorithm layer of GWPNN is used for selecting the feature extraction method and obtaining the optimum wavelet entropy parameter values. In this study, one of the four different feature extraction methods is selected by using genetic algorithm. Alternative feature extraction methods are wavelet packet decomposition, wavelet packet decomposition – short-time Fourier transform, wavelet packet decomposition – Born–Jordan time–frequency representation, wavelet packet decomposition – Choi–Williams time–frequency representation. The wavelet packet layer is used for optimum feature extraction in the time–frequency domain and is composed of wavelet packet decomposition and wavelet packet entropies. The multi-layer perceptron of GWPNN, which is a feed-forward neural network, is used for evaluating the fitness function of the genetic algorithm and for classification speakers. The performance of the developed system has been evaluated by using noisy English speech/voice signals. The test results showed that this system was effective in detecting real speech signals. The correct classification rate was about 85% for speaker classification.     

轴承早期故障特征提取方法研究

针对滚动轴承早期故障信号被背景噪声淹没、故障特征不明显的问题,提出一种基于小波包分解和互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)的轴承早期故障信号特征提取方法.利用Matlab软件对采集到的轴承振动信号进行快速谱峭度分析,根据峭度最大化原则确定带通滤波器的中心频率和带宽,设计带通滤波器;对经过带通滤波器滤波后的信号进行小波包分解和CEEMD分解,根据峭度、相关系数筛选出有效本征模态函数(IMF)分量;利用IMF分量重构小波包信号,对重构小波包信号进行包络谱分析,提取轴承早期故障信号特征频率.该方法通过谱峭度分析降低背景噪声干扰,通过小波包分解增强故障冲击信号,并将CEEMD与小波包分解相结合,解决经典EMD分解存在的模态混叠、无效分量问题.仿真结果表明,相较于传统包络解调算法,重构后信号的背景噪声得到抑制,故障特征分量突出,验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性.     

小波包变换在手写体金融汉字识别中的应用

针对小波包变换的特点,提出了一种基于小波包变换的手写体金融汉字识别算法。该算法首先对汉字图像进行二维小波包分解,利用基于子图像能量方差的准则选择适当的部分分解树;然后将得到的子图像划分成多个局部窗口,计算局部窗口的能量值组成特征向量;再通过主成分分析(PCA)选择分类能力最强的一组特征,降低特征空间的维数;最后,将特征向量送入支持向量机进行分类。实验结果表明,该算法取得了较好的识别效果。     

基于小波包神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断

提出了基于小波多分辨分析和小波包预处理的模拟电路故障诊断方法。该方法用小波作为信号预处理工具,经小波多分辨分析得到N层分解后的低频和高频信号,再利用小波包分析对多分辨分析没有细分的高频信号进一步分解,以达到提高频率分解率的目的。经PCA分析和归一化后的能量作为训练样本送入BP神经网络进行训练。仿真实验表明此方法能够快速有效的对模拟电路的故障进行诊断和定位。     

基于小波包分解和遗传神经网络的癫痫识别

基于小波包分解和遗传神经网络对正常脑电和癫痫脑电进行识别。通过分析脑电数据找出信号特征;利用一维离散小波包分解提取含有识别特征的脑电信号频率段,并以脑电各频段的相对能量作为信号特征;然后建立基于遗传算法优化的BP网络,用于对癫痫脑电识别。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效提取信号特征,并且对信号进行准确的识别。     

Wavelet packet energy, Tsallis entropy and statistical parameterization for support vector-based and neural-based classification of mammographic regions

This work develops a support vector and neural-based classification of mammographic regions by applying statistical, wavelet packet energy and Tsallis entropy parameterization. From the first four wavelet packet decomposition levels, four different feature sets were evaluated using two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (KS-test) and, in one case, principal component analysis (PCA). Feature selection was performed applying a hybrid scheme integrating non-parametric KS-test, correlation analysis, a logistic regression (LR) model and sequential forward selection (SFS). The top selected features (depending on the selected wavelet decomposition level) produced the best classification performances in comparison to other well-known feature selection methods. The classification of the data was carried out using several support vector machine (SVM) schemes and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural networks. The new set of features improved significantly the classification performance of mammographic regions using conventional SVMs and MLPs.     

Image denoising algorithm via best wavelet packet base using Wiener cost function

A new cost function, namely, the Wiener cost function, is introduced to find the best wavelet packet (WP) base in image denoising. Unlike the existing entropy-type cost functions in image compression, the Wiener cost function depends on both sparseness of image representation and noise level. Combining the Wiener cost function and the doubly local Wiener filtering scheme, a new image denoising algorithm is proposed using the best wavelet packet bases. Owing to unknown true image in denoising, a pilot image with less noise is required to find the best wavelet packet base, which is obtained by the existing denoising algorithms. From the pilot image, the best 2D wavelet packet tree is searched in terms of the Wiener cost function and the energy distributions of the image in the best wavelet packet domain are also estimated. Further, the image is recovered by applying the local Wiener filtering to the best wavelet packet coefficients of the noisy image. The experimental results show that for images of structural textures, for example 'Barbara' and texture images, the proposed algorithm greatly improves denoising performance as compared with the existing state-of-the-art algorithms.     

基于小波包分解的虹膜识别算法

特征提取是虹膜识别的关键技术;由于虹膜图像具有丰富的纹理,提出了基于小波包分解的虹膜识别算法。小波包分解不仅包含了图像的低频部分而且还保留了高频部分,它能够有效地提取虹膜纹理特征,并按hamming距离对虹膜进行匹配。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于小波包与自适应维纳滤波的语音增强算法

语音增强主要用来提高受噪声污染的语音可懂度和语音质量,它的主要应用与在嘈杂环境中提高移动通信质量有关。传统的语音增强方法有谱减法、维纳滤波、小波系数法等。针对复杂噪声环境下传统语音增强算法增强后的语音质量不佳且存在音乐噪声的问题,提出了一种结合小波包变换和自适应维纳滤波的语音增强算法。分析小波包多分辨率在信号频谱划分中的作用,通过小波包对含噪信号作多尺度分解,对不同尺度的小波包系数进行自适应维纳滤波,使用滤波后的小波包系数重构进而获取增强的语音信号。仿真实验结果表明,与传统增强算法相比,该算法在低信噪比的非平稳噪声环境下不仅可以更有效地提高含噪语音的信噪比,而且能较好地保存语音的谱特征,提高了含噪语音的质量。     

基于小波包分析的催化剂表面图象识别

二维图象可以通过小波分解来进行信号的多分辨率分析．本文讨论了小波包分析技术及其在催化剂表面ＳＥＭ图象识别上的应用．从小波包中抽取的能量和纹理熵特征，在催化剂的分类与识别研究中，充分描述了表面图象在多标度空间上的信息分布．实验结果表明，小波包分解树是一种很好的模式特征描述，为图象纹理识别提供了新的手段     

基于融合能量代价函数的水声信号识别算法

提出了融合能量代价函数的概念及基于代价函数的小波包能量法,并将其应用于水声信号的识别。新算法以融合能量代价函数为标准,在整个小波库中构造最优小波包基,从小波包基上提取信号最有价值的特征值。由于从分类最佳的角度选择特征,所以与固定尺度小波包能量法相比,算法对分类特征模糊的信号有较好的识别效果。     

基于小波包变换和支持向量机的虹膜识别方法

提出了一种基于小波包变换和支持向量机的虹膜识别方法.用小波包变换对归一化的虹膜图像进行2层分解,并计算出每个子频带的能量;通过选择具有最大能量值的特征作为小波基特征,以减少进入支持向量机的样本数目和提高识别准确率;最后,用支持向量机对虹膜特征进行模式匹配.实验结果表明,该方法取得了较好的识别效果.     

一种新阈值函数的小波包语音增强算法

针对传统软、硬阈值函数去噪方法增强的语音存在失真的问题,提出一种新阈值函数的小波包语音增强算法,同时给出了新阈值函数和新的Bark尺度小波包分解结构。新阈值函数在小波包系数绝对值大于给定阈值的区间内,灵活地结合了软、硬阈值函数;在小波包系数绝对值小于给定阈值的区间内,用一种非线性函数代替传统阈值函数中的简单置零,实现了阈值函数的平缓过渡;新的60个频带Bark尺度小波包分解结构能更好地模拟人耳的听觉感知特性。仿真实验结果表明,在高斯白噪声和有色噪声背景下,与传统软、硬阈值函数去噪方法相比,新算法有效提高了增强语音信噪比和分段信噪比,减少了语音失真,具有更好的去噪效果。     

A novel selection of optimal statistical features in the DWPT domain for discrimination of ictal and seizure-free electroencephalography signals

Properly determining the discriminative features which characterize the inherent behaviors of electroencephalography (EEG) signals remains a great challenge for epileptic seizure detection. In this present study, a novel feature selection scheme based on the discrete wavelet packet decomposition and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) was proposed. The normal as well as epileptic EEG recordings were first decomposed into various frequency bands by means of wavelet packet decomposition, and subsequently, statistical features at all developed nodes in the wavelet packet decomposition tree were derived. Instead of using the complete set of the extracted features to construct a wavelet neural networks-based classifier, an optimal feature subset that maximizes the predictive competence of the classifier was selected by using the CSA. Experimental results on the publicly available benchmarks demonstrated that the proposed feature subset selection scheme achieved promising recognition accuracies of 98.43–100%, and the results were statistically significant using z-test with p value <0.0001.