偏三甲苯-正辛烷-(环丁砜+N-甲酰吗啉)液-液相平衡研究

在70℃下采用浊点法分别测定了不同质量比的环丁砜和N-甲酰吗啉溶剂与偏三甲苯-正辛烷四元体系液-液相平衡数据,得到体系的液-液分层曲线和结点数据,并用液-液分层曲线和体系物性(折光率、相对密度)相结合的方法对平衡数据进行了分析。结果表明:4种溶剂均具有较高溶解能力,其次序为:1#溶剂>2#溶剂>3#溶剂>4#溶剂,3#溶剂同时还具有较高的选择性,适合萃取偏三甲苯-正辛烷混合溶液。研究结果可以为溶剂抽提过程相平衡数据库提供基础数据,并为重芳烃抽提的溶剂选择提供参考。     

苯和N-甲酰吗啉的气液相平衡研究

常压下实测苯和N-甲(酉先)吗啉气液相平衡数据,利用Wilson方程和NRTL方程对数据进行关联.结果表明,苯和N-甲(酉先)吗啉二元体系有很好的相关性.又对气液相平衡数据进行了热力学一致性检验,结果合理.     

N-甲酰吗啉与苯的二元等压汽液平衡

石化系统、焦化行业,采用N-甲酰吗啉（NFM）溶剂精制芳烃受到极大重视,但可资利用的基础数据却极为贫乏,尚无等压汽液平衡数据。用改进的EC-2型汽液平衡釜,测定了常压下苯-NFM、甲苯-NFM二元体系汽液平衡数据,并用 NRTL 和 UNIQUAC 模型对实验数据进行了关联,得到了模型相应的二元交互参数。经Herington 面积法检验,上述数据满足热力学一致性要求,结果较为满意。研究结果填补了该项数据空白,完全能满足N-甲酰吗啉溶剂精制芳烃工程设计的需要。     

N-甲酰吗啉加水溶剂抽提芳烃的液液平衡

用液液平衡釜测定了常压 ,60℃下加水 N-甲酰吗啉和苯、甲苯、对二甲苯、正庚烷、甲基环己烷组分间 6个拟三元体系的液液平衡 ,得到了拟三元液液平衡体系的共轭相组成和分配曲线 ;实验数据用 UNIQUAC和NRTL模型进行了关联 ;用共轭相作图拟合法和模型参数推算法获得了各体系的褶点数据 ;并求得了溶剂对溶质的选择性和分配系数     

萃取精馏分离丁烯与丁烷溶剂的选择研究

本文讨论了醚化反应后正丁烯含量为60%~80%（质量分数）C4烃在溶剂体系中的选择性、溶解能力及工程操作等因素的影响,选择了具有选择性及溶解能力均好的吗啉和N-甲酰吗啉的混合溶剂,并探讨了最佳溶剂配比。     

萃取精馏分离乙酸乙酯-乙醇的溶剂

通过实验对萃取精馏分离乙酸乙酯-乙醇共沸体系的溶剂选择进行了研究.结果表明,二元 混合溶剂 (N,N-二甲基甲酰胺+二甲亚砜)的分离性能优于单一溶剂 (N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲亚砜).运用修正UNIFAC模型对实验数据进行了关联,发现修正UNIFAC模型预测法和实验法相结合是一种快速有效的萃取精馏溶剂选择方法.     

C_4烃在混合吗啉溶剂体系中的相对挥发性

用静态法测定了不同温度下C4烃与混合吗啉溶剂体系(吗啉和N-甲酰吗啉的混合物)的压力-组成数据,并与纯C4烃的饱和蒸气压曲线比较,以此确定了萃取精馏分离丁烯与丁烷的关键组分为正丁烷与丁烯-1, 其相对挥发度为1．30-1．45;混合溶剂中吗啉和N-甲酰吗啉的最佳配比为w(N-甲酰吗啉)=40%-50％。     

甲苯-正庚烷-(四甘醇+三甘醇)体系液液相平衡数据的测定与关联

利用气相色谱法测定了常压下30℃、40℃和50℃时甲苯 正庚烷 (四甘醇+三甘醇)体系的液液相平衡数据,采用峰面积归一化法定量,所得数据准确、可靠。用NRTL模型对所测液液相平衡数据进行了热力学关联,用单纯型优化法求出了相应的模型参数。用该模型对本体系进行了预测,取得了令人满意的结果。     

N-甲酰吗啉应用市场的开发

我国是芳烃生产和消费大国，拥有数十套大规模生产装置，许多新装置还在建设中。目前芳烃抽提溶剂主要采用四甘醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和环丁砚，而使用N-甲酰吗啉作为抽提溶剂的仅有石家庄焦化厂、上海宝钢焦化厂、上海石化等企业。为提高装置竞争力和加强环境保护，一些芳烃生产企业如北京燕山、南京金陵等大型石化企业正在或计划选用N-甲酰吗啉为抽提溶剂。     

丁酮-水-丙三醇三元体系液液平衡数据的测定与关联

为了给以丙三醇为溶剂萃取分离丁酮-水体系的过程设计和流程模拟计算提供基础数据,在常压,20,40,60℃下,测定了丁酮-水-丙三醇三元体系的液液平衡数据,得到了三元体系的共轭相组成并由此绘得相平衡曲线。实验数据用UNIQUAC和NRTL模型进行了关联,利用关联出的模型参数计算了相应的液相组成,并与实验值比较,其平均偏差小于0.003 8,计算值与实验数据吻合良好。求得了溶剂对溶质的选择性系数,验证了丙三醇是液液萃取分离丁酮-水的良好溶剂。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.