吴哥古迹保护修复的实践与理念发展脉络

柬埔寨吴哥古迹是人类历史上辉煌的遗迹,是人类共同的文化遗产,同时也是国际古迹保护修复的实践与理念的反映。其古迹保护修复理念及实践方法一直与国际上古迹保护修复的理念及方法同步。从最早作为法国殖民地,以西方的遗产保护理念对古迹进行修复;到新时期各国和国际组织发起的保护吴哥古迹国际行动中所运用的新理念,新技术,无一不反映各个国家在不同文化背景下的古迹保护修复方法和理念。他山之石,可以攻玉,通过梳理历史上吴哥古迹保护修复的实践与理念的发展,展示东西方文化古迹遗产的保护哲学,为国内的遗产保护提供参考与借鉴。     

柬埔寨吴哥古迹保护与修复活动的启示——从日本工作队的工作谈起

介绍了日本工作队在吴哥地区进行的保护修复工作,并从文化遗产本身和柬埔寨社会两方面,分析了日本工作队保护活动的主要特点和所做贡献,指出国际援助保护与修复柬埔寨吴哥古迹所展示出的东西方文化遗产保护哲学。     

日本建筑遗产保护工程报告书体系的启示——从柬埔寨吴哥古迹保护与修复工程谈起

日本政府在柬埔寨吴哥古迹持续十余年的工作中,陆续编撰了一系列特征鲜明的调查、规划与修复报告书,为吴哥古迹的保护与研究积累了宝贵的第一手资料。其编撰方法以及技术措施对于正在逐步建立建筑遗产记录体系的中国具有极大的借鉴意义。在详细分析保护与修复工程报告书的内容和特点的基础上,系统介绍日本保护工程报告的管理和技术体系。     

大同古城的保护与修复

大同古城的保护有着明确的思路、目标和任务。从2008年起,大同市进行了古城保护的10大工程:善化寺修复及环境整治工程、华严寺修建以及环境整治工程、关帝庙修复及环境整治工程、府文庙复原工程、帝君庙修复工程、清真寺保护修复及周边环境整治工程、法华寺修复工程及周边环境整治工程、古城东南隅民居修复工程、纯阳宫修复及环境整治工程、古城墙修复工程。     

历史建筑保护及其修复技术理念的演进

本文分析了历史建筑保护及其修复技术理念的演进过程,指出在保护的意识和能力日益提高的背景下,我国历史建筑保护修复工作中仍存在的理论与实践脱节等诸多问题.并引入哲学领域的价值观念及系统工程学的评价方法在实践中切实推动保护修复工作的进步,提高历史建筑保护修复实践水平.     

20 世纪中国文物建筑保护思想的发展

文物建筑保护作为一种非传统的观念,在中国传统文化的影响下,在历史研究,特别是建筑历史研究需求的促进下,逐渐形成了自身的特色。20世纪80年代国际文化遗产保护原则的引入,导致了保存真实历史信息与强调以恢复原状为修复目标的观念碰撞,影响了中国文物保护原则的形成和调整。2000年通过的《中国文物古迹保护准则》实现了中国文物建筑保护与国际文化遗产接轨,为21世纪中国从文物保护向文化遗产保护的跨越式发展奠定了基础。     

亚洲的城市发展和文化遗产保护

我是专门从事日本建筑史及亚洲古代史研究的,1991年开始进行越南顺化的皇宫都城的调查研究和保护再生规划,1992年开始着手于柬埔寨吴哥的保护修复项目.通过这些亚洲具有代表性的世界文化遗产的修复和援助项目的实践,我对近年来东京(亚洲大都市之一)的变化,发展中的文物保护逐渐有了新的认识.因此在这里想结合自己在柬埔寨吴哥以及越南顺化的体验,观察和思考东京丸内地区的城市发展和变化,以及文化遗产的保护和有效利用的问题.     

合浦县文昌塔汉墓出土青铜奁的修复与保护

在现代修复理念的指导下,对广西合浦县文昌塔汉墓出土汉代青铜奁进行修复保护工作,先是通过前期的文物的科技分析工作(X光分析,扫描电镜,金相分析)来制定合理的修复方案,挖掘文物的科技价值、艺术价值和历史价值,再通过具体的修复保护步骤,完成青铜奁的修复保护研究工作。     

乡土营造中“低技术”的概念、内涵及系统——福建邵武金坑古村保护实践中的启发和思考

"低技术"运用本土的自然条件以及人文习俗,采用乡土营造工艺以及经验智慧,形成简洁高效的技术手段,是遗产保护中的重要策略和有效模式。本文以福建邵武金坑村为例证,从"低技术"视角来探讨古村落及乡土建筑相关的布局方式、建造系统和营造细节,探究低技术系统在乡土遗产保护实践中的应用方式,从宏观理念上的分析到微观具体"一技一艺"考察,归纳为整体的系统框架,借此阐明"低技术"的内涵和特色,及其在乡土建筑实践中的重要意义。     

山水林田湖草生态修复监管平台设计与实现

生态保护修复工作是践行生态文明理念不可或缺的一个环节。如何有效收集、分析、应用、监管生态保护修复数据成为生态保护修复项目监管工作的关键问题。本文结合重庆市山水林田湖草生态保护修复项目管理实际情况,综合应用三维GIS可视化、echarts等技术,建立了重庆市山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程项目监管系统,充分利用管理生态本底、生态保护修复工程实施成果和绩效指标等生态保护修复数据,取得了信息化与生态保护修复工作深度融合的效果,并为国土行业、规划行业以及相关行业的项目监管提供借鉴意义。     

Academic origins and characteristics of the Chinese stylistic restoration

*Abstract:The conservation practice in China, termed “Chinese stylistic restoration” in this study, has been influenced by the traditional Chinese philosophy and construction principles, the modern Chinese conservation theory of Liang Sicheng and Liu Dunzhen, and Western and international theories and policies concerning conservation. This study uses three case studies, namely, Shanghai ZhenruTemple, Jianfu Palace Garden, and Angkor Wat Chau Say Tevoda Temple, to demonstrate the main characteristics of the Chinese stylistic restoration, Including its emphasis on style over authenticity, pursuit of a gestalt form, and flexible attitude toward reconstruc-tion. Accordingly, these practices have shaped the current Chinese conservation theory as reflected in the case studies reported in “Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Sitesin China” and the Qufu Declaration.     

吴哥古迹建筑雕塑艺术探微

吴哥古迹是举世闻名的世界文化遗产,也是古代高棉建筑艺术的杰作与集大成者。本文从古代高棉的历史出发,回顾了吴哥文明的历史源流,并在此基础上深入分析、探讨了吴哥古迹建筑雕塑艺术的风格、类型与特征。     

神圣与苍凉--吴哥的建筑和雕刻艺术

吴哥神圣雄伟、格局均称、雕刻精美的历史遗迹,是建筑和艺术的伟大奇迹.身临其境,仍有着超乎想象的震撼!吴哥的建筑不仅指通常所知的吴哥窟,还包括吴哥通王城在内几百平方公里内大大小小的600多座建筑物.吴哥建筑和艺术的特点大多源于印度南部输入的概念,印度教和佛教两大宗教的影响在高棉建筑中打下了深深的烙印,成为吴哥艺术的主题.以吴哥窟和吴哥通王城等为例,论述了吴哥建筑的空间形态、构成要素及雕刻艺术等.     

浅析“三坊七巷”基本院落单元的普遍特征——以郎官巷陈氏宗祠的保护修复为例

本文主要以郎官巷陈氏宗祠的保护修复为线索,进而对"三坊七巷"传统院落的基本单元的普遍特征进行归纳和总结,期望能够对与之相关的研究与保护工作起到一定的借鉴与参考的作用。     

Restoration of the façade of the Pirelli skyscraper in Milan and the repair of damage to reinforced concrete structures caused by a plane crash: An example of critic conservation

The restoration of the former Pirelli Tower in Milan, which dates back to the early 1950s, is an example of various issues in approaching the “conservation of the new”. This project was completed with the broad use of industrial products that evoked different kinds of reflections, if only within the same planning methodology, common to all interventions of architectural restoration. This restoration constitutes an exemplary episode where only a careful and critical evaluation facilitated the understanding of which elements are important in conservation and which can be substituted or updated. This approach uses case-to-case evaluations. The conservation of “new” architecture is similar to other restoration problems, except for the closeness in time to the original works and, sometimes, with its creator.The main intervention concerns the recovery of the structure with over 10,000 m² of continuous aluminum and glass façade in a skyscraper designed by Italian master Gio Ponti and the repair of the damage to the reinforced concrete (RC) structures (designed by another Italian master, Pier Luigi Nervi) caused by a plane crash. The straightening and repair of the RC using entirely innovative methods and the conservation of the structures of the whole façade also translates into financial savings. Approximately 20% of the savings is derived from the complete substitution of the curtain wall. This idea of authenticity results in a method of restoration in which all single parts may not always be replaced for every functional upgrade. This scenario is important news, especially for modern architecture that usually prefers the value of what appears to be new, showing parts that are always perfect since the time they were built. People also consider the conservation of items that were considered as merely industrial products a few years ago.     

A research about a method for restoration of traditional lime mortars and plasters: A staging system approach

Turkey is quite rich with historical buildings. Depending on various factors like time, increasing air pollution due to technological improvements of the present era together with insufficiency of inspection leads to the formation of damages on these buildings which are part of our historical heritage. Conservation of such buildings which are as important as historical documents should be the first and foremost target of any project. Where maintenance is insufficient, conservation and restoration attempts should replace it. What is necessary in restoration is the use of material which resembles the original material to the closest degree or, producing appropriate material which is compatible with the properties of the original material. The first dimension of the current problem is the insufficiency of resources while the second dimension stems from the lack of proper evaluation of the material to be used in conservation and restoration. This study defines the importance of mortars and plasters along with their history and the reasons of deterioration. In addition, it sets up the information flow of mortar and plaster within a systematic decision making process. The necessary experimental methods for the production of new repair mortar or plaster that can be used in determining the character analysis of original mortar and deterioration morphology are also analyzed. Thus, a method that can be used in the conservation and restoration studies is determined with this paper.     

浅谈历史风貌建筑的保护与更新

论述了我国历史风貌建筑保护及修复的一般认识现状,并通过对具体实例的保护、修复及更新方法提出理论依据及具体实施措施,总结出相应的历史风貌建筑保护与更新的手段,讨论对于历史风貌建筑应注重其存在的问题并指出其研究方向。