红外吸收喷墨油墨的制备及性能优化

为获得综合性能优良的红外吸收喷墨油墨,利用配方设计原理制备了红外吸收喷墨油墨样品,探讨了单一溶剂和混合溶剂,树脂和红外吸收材料的含量对红外吸收喷墨油墨样品表面张力、电导率、黏度、pH值及红外吸收强度等重要性能参数指标的影响,使用最优配方制备油墨样品,采用喷墨印刷机得到印刷样张,并利用身份证鉴定仪测试其红外防伪效果。实验表明,溶剂对红外吸收喷墨油墨红外吸收性能和表面张力等性能有影响,树脂是决定体系黏度的关键因素,红外吸收材料的含量直接影响红外吸收强度的大小,所研制的油墨具有良好的喷墨性能和防伪效果。     

高吸血纤维海绵体的剖析研究

本文利用扫描电子显微镜和红外吸收光谱的分析结果,对高吸血纤维海绵体样品进行了对比剖析,在组成、织构及性能等方面作了研讨。     

现代分析仪器在食品检测中的应用分析

为深化运用现代分析仪器,提升食品检测质量,本文指出食品检测样品基质具有复杂性、检测组分与项目种类繁多的特征,并分析了食品检测现状。同时,明确了现代分析仪器在食品检测中的分类,提出现代分析仪器在食品检测中要加大各项资源投入力度、规范分析方法和操控程序、保证样品处理的科学性、提高检测人员水平的应用建议。     

烟草中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留分析技术研究进展

为方便相关研究人员了解烟草中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的分析方法,对近年来烟草中拟除虫菊酯类农药的检测方法进行了文献调研和系统总结.结果表明:①目前对此类农药残留分析技术的研究主要集中在样品前处理技术、分析仪器的选择和分析条件的优化方面.②样品前处理技术方面,QuEChERS提取结合多元SPE小柱净化进行烟草样品的前处理,在...     

基于衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱的餐饮废油掺假检测

为了建立基于衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)的餐饮废油掺假检测方法,以常见食用油和餐饮废油为原料,收集8个餐饮废油和25个食用油样品,制备30个掺假油样品,共63个油样进行红外光谱扫描。随机取48个油样作为校正集样品,15个油样作为验证集样品,建立餐饮废油定性分析模型,并对定性模型进行验证;从30个掺假油样品中,随机取20个油样作为校正集样品,10个油样作为验证集样品,建立餐饮废油定量分析模型,并对定量模型进行验证。结果表明:在红外光谱范围为1 550~650 cm-1条件下,采用原始光谱结合判别分析建立定性分析模型,其识别率可达100%;采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立定量分析模型,在掺假比例1%~10%时,模型预测值与实际掺假比例呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R)为0.982 2,标准偏差(SD)为0.47。表明基于ATR-FTIR的餐饮废油掺假检测是可行的。     

呼和浩特地区原奶成分随季节变化结果分析

2015年采集了235份原奶样品,对其蛋白质、脂肪、干物质、抗生素含量进行分析,研究原料奶各指标在不同地域随季节的变化情况。希望通过建立完善的原料奶数据库系统,为企业原奶检测提供可靠的数据源,并对现有的检测方式提出建议,将原料奶的各种指标控制在安全范围内。     

酶法快速检测鲜奶中掺杂尿素

目前,鲜牛奶中掺杂各种物质,已对鲜奶质量的控制形成日益严重的威胁。常见的一种掺杂物质是尿素。奶户在鲜奶中掺入尿素的目的是为了提高比重,进而达到掺水的目的。掺杂尿素不仅严重影响牛奶的质量,给乳品加工单位造成经济损失,而且还对消费者的健康造成危害。但以前由于缺乏尿素的快速简便的检测方法,无法在收奶现场对奶样检测,以控制尿素的掺杂。我们摸索     

NaOH-尿素体系对棉纤维润胀性能的影响

利用NaOH-尿素体系对棉纤维进行了润胀处理,初步探讨了NaOH-尿素体系的反应温度、体系浓度、体系量等对棉纤维润胀性能的影响,并通过红外光谱分析、光学显微镜观察等方式分别对处理前后棉纤维进行结构表征和形态分析。实验结果表明,NaOH-尿素体系可明显提高棉纤维的润胀性能,处理后棉纤维的最大保水值比未处理棉纤维提高了186.91%;处理后棉纤维分子结构没有明显变化;但纤维表面发生局部溶解,其细纤维化程度和表面粗糙程度均有所提高。     

陕西生鲜羊奶及其加工羊奶粉品质调研分析及相关性研究

为调查陕西省生鲜羊奶及羊奶粉品质随月份的变化规律,明确生鲜羊奶和羊奶粉品质之间的相关关系,该研究以2020年4月至11月某乳品企业在陕西不同地区的奶站收购的生鲜羊奶及其加工羊奶粉为试验样品,对其感官、理化和安全指标进行分析.结果表明,生鲜羊奶和羊奶粉在感官指标方面均符合国家标准要求;在理化指标方面,生鲜羊奶脂肪含量为3...     

牛奶成份快速检测方法及其精度研究

测量方式的选择与分析 近红外光谱进行样品分析时,当所测样品为液体样品时,由于所处的装置及其样品性质的不同,使样品除在压力、温度、粘度及流动性等方面有差异外,其透光性能也有所不同,在光谱采集时就要根据样品的具体情况选择合适的光谱采集测量方式。 通常情况下,液体样品可分为透明、半透明、不透明三种。对透明样品,一般采用透射测量方式,但在一些特殊情况下,也可以通过漫反射板进行漫反射测量分析;对半透明样品,则要根据样品的具体情况,视样品对光的作用是以透射为主还是以漫反射为主而定,而对不透明样品通常是采用漫反射方式,在这种情况下要     

乳制品质量快速检测原理与技术研究进展

乳制品是鲜奶以及所有以奶为主要原料加工制成的产品的总称,乳制品的安全问题是全球关注的热点。为了对乳制品质量进行监控,目前已有的检测标准和方法需要在实验室进行,检测环境条件要求较高,周期较长。研究并开发灵敏、准确、便捷的检测方法十分必要。近年来,一系列新的乳制品质量快速检测技术已经被广泛应用,本文主要介绍了电子学、光谱学和生物学检测技术的原理及其在乳制品质量检测应用中的优缺点,同时展望了乳制品质量检测技术的发展方向,旨在为乳制品质量检测技术的进一步发展提供资料参考和思路。     

牛奶脂肪酸检测方法的研究进展

牛奶脂肪酸组成不仅与其理化性质和营养品质密切相关,还是评价奶牛健康状况的重要指标。建立准确的定性定量方法,能够全面地了解牛奶脂肪酸组成,有利于奶牛场对奶牛的饲养管理和乳品加工厂对乳制品的质量控制。本文针对牛奶脂肪酸分析中的样品前处理技术和仪器检测技术进行了综述,旨在对比不同检测方法的优缺点,为建立牛奶脂肪酸高通量、高灵敏度的分析方法提供参考。     

计算机信息技术在乳制品质量安全追溯 体系中的应用

随着科学技术的迅速发展,计算机信息技术的应用越来越广泛,计算机在食品质量安全管理方面的应用也日趋迫切。本文主要对乳制品质量安全追溯体系、计算机信息技术在奶源品质管理及乳制品生产过程中的应用进行了概述。将计算机信息技术应用于乳品质量安全追溯体系可以发挥其优点,实现从研究开发、原料获取、生产加工、流通消费、监督管理到信息服务等各个环节的高效管理,将计算机信息技术与乳制品质量安全追溯体系相结合,能够在源头上遏制问题产品的扩散,确保乳制品质量安全。     

Detection of adulteration in milk: A review

Milk is a wholesome nutritious dairy product and is consumed by a majority of the population worldwide for drinking as such, as well as via dairy products. However, the practice of adulteration of milk invariably reduces its quality and may introduce hazardous substances into the dairy supply chain jeopardising consumers’ health. Various instances of adulteration of milk have been reported globally, wherein substances such as extraneous water, foreign proteins, whey proteins, melamine and urea, vegetable or animal fats, plus many minor constituents of milk fat have been added as potential adulterants in milk and milk products. This review focusses on the different methods of detection of these adulterants in milk using techniques such as DSC, RP‐HPLC, LC‐GC, HPTLC, immunoassays: CE, ELISA, FAMPST, FTIR, NIR spectroscopy, PAGE, IEF, DNA‐based methods and MALDI‐MS that have been developed and employed for the last 25 years. The combination of advanced IR spectroscopy and chemometrics provides a powerful tool for quality and authenticity analysis of milk. An electronic tongue is an easy and economic tool for the detection of caprine milk adulterations with bovine milk. Biosensors having the ability to furnish real‐time signals have been developed for the detection of urea in milk. An attempt has been made to give a clear understanding of the most suitable methods for the determination of various sources of adulteration.     

毛细管电泳技术在乳品蛋白分析中的应用

乳品在全球范围内生产和消费,受到广泛且持续的关注,蛋白质是乳品评价最重要的指标之一。毛细管电泳技术(capillary electrophoresis, CE)具有样品用量少、分离模式多、分析效率高的优势,在乳品蛋白质分析方面具有巨大的应用潜力。本文简要介绍了CE技术检测乳品中蛋白质的特点和难点,总结了毛细管凝胶电泳法、涂层毛细管电泳法、胶束电动毛细管色谱法、免疫亲和毛细管电泳法、毛细管区带电泳法等模式在乳品蛋白质分析中的优劣势,列举了CE技术在乳品品质鉴定、过敏原分析、真伪鉴别、蛋白质糖基化分析、乳品处理和蛋白水解过程等相关生产和质控环节的应用情况,展望了CE技术在乳品分析应用中的发展趋势。     

奶及奶制品中糠氨酸检测方法的研究进展

糠氨酸源于美拉德反应的早期产物,并最终经酸水解产生。它间接反映了美拉德反应的程度、赖氨酸营养功能的损失程度和食品受热程度等,被广泛应用于食品的品质评价。虽然糠氨酸在酸水解时的产率仅有30~40%,但在相同的检测条件下,该产率是稳定的。近40年来,糠氨酸的检测方法研究主要集中于色谱分离系统和检测器的选择与优化,以及酸水解条件对糠氨酸产率的影响。本文针对奶及奶制品中糠氨酸的检测方法,从高效液相色谱法（high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）与检测标准的建立、其他色谱技术或检测器的应用、酸水解条件的研究等方面进行综述,并对目前的主要问题和研究方向进行了展望,为进一步开发更高效、更灵敏、更准确和更稳定的新检测方法提供参考。     

ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: Trends in culture-independent methods for assessing dairy food quality and safety: Emerging metagenomic tools

Enhancing the quality and safety of dairy food is critical to maintaining the competitiveness of dairy products in the food and beverage market and in reinforcing consumer confidence in the dairy industry. Raw milk quality has a significant effect on finished product quality. Several microbial groups found in raw milk have been shown to adversely affect the shelf life of pasteurized milk. Current microbiological criteria used to define milk quality are based primarily on culture-dependent methods, some of which are perceived to lack the desired sensitivity and specificity. To supplement traditional methods, culture-independent methods are increasingly being used to identify specific species or microbial groups, and to detect indicator genes or proteins in raw milk or dairy products. Some molecular subtyping techniques have been developed to track the transmission of microbes in dairy environments. The burgeoning “-omics” technologies offer new and exciting opportunities to enhance our understanding of food quality and safety in relation to microbes. Metagenomics has the potential to characterize microbial diversity, detect nonculturable microbes, and identify unique sequences or other factors associated with dairy product quality and safety. In this review, fluid milk will be used as the primary example to examine the adequacy and validity of conventional methods, the current trend of culture-independent methods, and the potential applications of metagenomics in dairy food research.     

Process analytical technology for cheese manufacture

Recent research on the development and application of process analytical technology (PAT) for cheese manufacture is reviewed in this article. PAT is a framework for innovative process manufacturing and quality assurance, which has been widely investigated for dairy processing applications, where particular processing challenges arise due to the variations in the physiochemical properties of milk. Cheese manufacturers are increasingly considering the adoption of a PAT approach to facilitate manufacture of cheese with enhanced product quality, safety and process efficiency. However, to date adoption of PAT in the dairy industry has been limited due to challenges associated with development and validation of calibration models, instrument variability, sanitary design and compatibility with processing environments. New technical developments in PAT tools, advances in chemometric modelling, robust data management tools and improved understanding of critical product and process parameters will facilitate further adoption of a PAT approach in cheese manufacture.     

HACCP在干酪生产及质量控制中的应用

干酪在国外是一种大众化食品，其营养价值很高，本文简述了干酪生产采用的基本工艺及生产过程中的操作要点和质量控制方法（HACCP和QACP），同时对工艺控制要求在理论上进行了探讨。     

Symposium review: Precision technologies for dairy calves and management applications

There is an increasing interest in using precision dairy technologies (PDT) to monitor real-time animal behavior and physiology in livestock systems around the world. Although PDT in adult cattle is extensively reviewed, PDT use for the management of preweaned dairy calves has not been reviewed. We systematically reviewed research on the use and application of precision technologies in calves. Accelerometers have the potential to be used to monitor lying behavior, step activity, and rumination, which are useful to detect changes in behavior that may be indicative of disease, responses to painful procedures, or positive welfare behaviors such as play. Automated calf feeding systems can control delivery of nutritional plans to individualize feeding and weaning of calves; changes in feeding behaviors (such as milk intake, drinking speed, and unrewarded visits) may also be used to identify early onset of disease. The PDT devices also measure physiological and physical attributes in dairy calves. For instance, temperature monitoring devices such as infrared thermography, ruminal boluses, and implanted microchips have been assessed in calves, but no herd management-based commercial system is available. Many other PDT are in development with potential to be used in dairy calf management, such as image and acoustic-based monitoring, real-time location, and use of enrichment items for monitoring positive emotional states. We conclude that PDT have great potential for application in dairy calf management, enabling precise behavioral and physiological monitoring, targeted feeding programs, and identification of calves with poor health or behavioral impairments. We strongly encourage further development and validation of commercially available technologies for on-farm application of the monitoring of dairy calf welfare, performance, and health.