基于准最佳加仅有序统计的最大选择CFAR检测算法

为了提高恒虚警检测器在均匀背景中的检测性能及增强对干扰的鲁棒性，本文提出了一种准最佳加权（ＱＢＷ）有序统计方法。基于这种方法，还提出了准最佳加权最大选择恒虚警检测器（ＱＢＷＧＯ－ＣＦＡＲ），它的前、后沿滑窗均采用ＱＢＷ方法来产生局部估计，将局部估计中的最大值作为检测器对杂波波功率水平的的估计，设置自适应检测门限，应用文献［３］提出的自动筛选技术，在ＳｗｅｒｌｉｎｇⅡ型目标及瑞利杂波假设下，推导出了     

一种新的基于有序统计和剔除平均的恒虚警检测器

基于有序统计（ＯＳ）和剔除平均（ＴＭ）提出了一种新的恒虚警检测器（ＭＯＳＴＭ），它采用ＯＳ与ＴＭ来产生局部估计，再对二者平均来实现对杂波功率水平的估计，并应用文献（４）提出的自动筛选技术，在ＳｗｅｒｌｉｎｇＩＩ型目标假设下，推导出它的Ｐｆａ，Ｐ４和度量ＡＤＴ的解析表达式，并与其它方案进行了比较，分析结果表明，ＭＯＳＴＭ在均匀背影及多目标和杂波边缘引起的非均匀背景中，它的性能比ＯＳ和ＧＯＳＣＡ获得了     

一种新的基于有序统计和剔除平均的最大选择恒虚警检测器

本文基于有序统计（ＯＳ）和剔除平均（ＴＭ）提出了一种新的恒虚警检测器（ＯＳＴＭＧＯ）它的前尚滑窗和后尚滑窗分别采用ＯＳ和ＴＭ来产生局部估计，再选择两者之中的最大值用为杂波功率水平的估计，并应用于文献（４）提出自己筛选技术，在ＳｗｅｒｌｉｎｇⅡ型目标假设下，本文推导出了它的Ｐｆａ，Ｐｄ和度量，ＡＤＴ的解析表达式，并与其它方案进行了比较，分析结果表明它的均匀背景及多目标和杂波边缘引起的非均匀背景中，均     

一种新的基于剔除平均的量大选择恒虚警检测器

本文基于剔除平均（ＴＭ）提出了一种新的最大选择（ＧＯ）恒虚警检测器,它的前、后沿滑窗均采用ＴＭ来产生局部估计,再选择两者之间的最大值作为检测器对杂波功率水平的估计,去设置自适应检测门限,并应用了何友（１９９４）提出的自动筛选技术,分析结果表明,它在均匀背景及多目标和杂波边缘引起的非均匀背景中的性能,均比ＧＯＳＧＯ或ＯＳＧＯ获得了改善,并且它的样本排序时间还不到ＯＳ的一半,一充行的恒虚警方法如ＧＯ、     

一种具有自动筛选技术的恒虚警检测器及其在多目标情况下的性能

提出一种新的基于有序统计的恒虚警检测器和一种新的自动筛选技术。这种新的检测器是广义有序统计单元平均（ＧＯＳＣＡ）恒虚警算法。对这种新的恒虚警算法在斯威林２型目标假设下，我们获得了虚警概率、探测概率和度量ＡＤＴ的解析表达式。在均匀背景和强干扰存在的情况下，分析了它的探测性能，并把它与ＯＳ－ＣＦＡＲ进行了比较。分析结果表明，ＧＯＳＣＡ－ＣＦＡＲ在均匀干扰背景和多目标情况下均具有较好的探测性能，而ＧＯＳ     

一种基于排序和平均的新恒虚警检测器

基于有序统计和单元平均方法及文献中的自动筛选技术，提出了一种新的恒虚警检测器，它被称作排序与平衡均值（ＭＯＳＣＡ）处理器。对这种新的恒虚检测器，在ＳｗｅｒｌｉｎｇⅡ型目标假设下，我们获得了虚警和检测概率及度量ＡＤＴ的解析表达式。在均匀背景和存在强干扰目标的情况下，分析了它的检测性能，并将其与ＣＡ和ＯＳ－ＣＦＡＲ进行了比较。结果表明ＭＯＳＣＡＣＦＡＲ在均匀干扰背景中的性能位于ＣＡ和ＯＳ之间，在多目标     

OSCAGO—CFAR检测器在干扰边缘中的性能分析

本文研究ＯＳＣＡＧＯ－ＣＦＡＲ检测器在干扰边缘中的性能，文中推导出了它在干扰边缘环境中虚警概率的解析表达式，分析了它抗边缘干扰的性能，并且与ＧＯ、ＯＳ和ＣＡ－ＣＦＡＲ检测器进行了比较。结果表明，ＯＳＣＡＧＯ的抗边缘干扰性能比这三种ＣＦＡＲ检测器均有明显增强，同时，它在均匀背景和多目标环境中也保持了良好的检测性能。     

K—分布杂波的顺序统计恒虚警性能分析

研究 Ｋ—分布杂波背景下的顺序统计恒虚警检测器的性能,分析检测器在均匀统计独立杂波背景下的性能,给出了理论门限系数值及其仿真的门限系数值,并讨论相关杂波的恒虚警性能。分析了检测器在杂波的边缘和存在多目标及干扰时的目标检测性能。从仿真结果分析得出, Ｏ Ｓ— Ｃ Ｆ Ａ Ｒ 检测器在杂波边缘及多目标情况下具有比单元平均恒虚警（ Ｃ Ａ— Ｃ Ｆ Ａ Ｒ）好得多的性能,特别是在参考单元比较少的情况下。     

K分布杂波背景下次序统计恒虚警检测器的性能

本文证明了在形状因子已知条件下次序统计恒虚警（ＯＳ－ＣＦＡＲ）检测器在Ｋ分布杂波背景下能保持恒虚警的特性，分析了均匀Ｋ分布杂波背景下检测器的性能，研究了不同参考单元数的信杂比损失，对于未知形状因子，本文提出了一种有效的估计方法。     

OSCAGO－CFAR检测器在干扰边缘中的性能分析

本文研究ＯＳＣＡＧＯ－ＣＦＡＲ检测器［１，２］在干扰边缘中的性能。文中推导出了它在干扰边缘环境中虚警概率的解析表达式，分析了它抗边缘干扰的性能，并且与ＧＯ、ＯＳ和ＣＡ－ＣＦＡＲ检测器进行了比较。结果表明，ＯＳＣＡＧＯ的抗边缘干扰性能比这三种ＣＦＡＲ检测器均有明显增强。同时，它在均匀背景和多目标环境中也保持了良好的检测性能。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks