结合提升静态小波和灰色关联分析的图像融合算法

本文针对多聚焦图像,提出了一种基于提升静态小波变换（lifting stationary wavelet transform,LSWT）和灰色关联度相结合的图像融合算法。首先将待融合的两幅图像分别进行提升静态小波变换,低频分量采用平均法融合,其次再针对低频分量和各个方向的高频分量,分别计算以每个像素为中心的方块的能量和均值,然后计算低频分量的能量和均值构成的序列与高频分量的能量和均值构成的序列之间的灰色欧几里德关联度。按照一定的融合规则,分别得到高频分量融合后的值,最后进行提升小波逆变换,得到融合后的图像。实验结果显示,该方法融合效果较好,优于传统算法。     

基于多尺度几何分析的医学图像融合

针对医学图像,提出了一种基于多尺度几何分析的医学图像融合算法。首先,利用Contoutlet变换对待融合两幅图像进行分解,将得到的低频分量分别利用Shearlet变换分解,并采用区域能量加权平均的规则,进行一次融合得到融合低频分量;对得到的高频分量分别用小波变换进行分解,再用低频、高频取大的规则进行一次融合得到融合高频分量,最后对得到的融合高低频分量进行Contourlet逆变换得到融合结果。实验结果表明,该算法在信息熵和平均梯度等参数上有明显提升,且能更好地表征图像中不同的奇异性。     

基于提升小波变换的红外图像融合算法研究

介绍了提升小波变换,提出了基于提升小波变换的图像融合方法,算法针对提升小波变换后的低频分量和高频分量的不同特点,选用了不同的融合准则进行融合,然后通过提升小波逆变换得到融合图像。通过分析可见光与红外图像的融合结果并与其他融合方法进行比较,实验结果表明,该算法使得融合后图像内容清晰,具有增强图像的空间细节能力,取得了较好的融合效果。     

基于小波变换的图像融合算法的实现

提出了一种基于小波变换的融合算法,算法针对小波变换后的低频分量和高频分量的不同特点,选用了不同的准则进行融合,通过小波逆变换得到融合图像.实验结果表明,这种算法充分考虑了小波变换的特点和人眼视觉特性,具有增强图像的空间细节能力,融合效果良好.     

一种基于提升小波变换的图像融合新算法

提出了一种基于提升小波变换的图像融合新算法.该算法对多源图像进行提升小波分解,并针对分解后的低频和高频分量各自的特点,选用不同的规则进行融合,即低频近似系数采用基于邻域空问频率加一致性检验,高频细节系数采用基于像素点的绝对值取最大,最后进行提升小波逆变换得到融合图像.实验结果表明,当采用空闻频率误差比率和平均梯度作为客观评价标准,该算法具有良好的融合效果.     

基于小波变换的多模态医学图像的融合方法

针对单一模态的图像不能提供足够的信息,可以将互补的图像进行融合。提出一种基于小波变换的医学图像融合方法。首先对待融合的医学图像进行小波变换,分别得到低频和高频分量。对于低频分量,采用基于局部区域能量的方法进行融合;对于高频分量,采用基于局部区域系数之差的加权和方法进行融合;最后通过小波逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,相比同类研究方法,该算法在保证图像质量的同时可增强图像的空间细节表现能力。     

基于DT-CWT的图像融合算法研究

针对传统的离散小波变换融合算法在图像边缘特征表达上存在不足,所以采用具有平移不变性,多方向选择性等具有显著性特点的双树复小波变换对多聚焦图像进行分解,按一定规则融合后,再重构.在融合规则上,以研究高频分量为重点.低频分量只采用较为简单的加权平均法;高频则采用以标准差作为融合测度,分别提出了两种图像融合算法.通过在性能参数上,对两种实验结果进行评价和对比,最终得到图像融合的最佳算法.     

基于三次B样条提升方案的图像融合算法

提出了一种基于三次B样条提升方案的图像融合算法,该算法是对三次B样条小波基进行提升,采用一定的融合决规则对高频分量和低频分量进行融合.高频分量采用多尺度下邻域方差法来计算,低频分量采取求平均的方法进行融合,最后将三次B样条提升算法与传统的小波变换算法的融合图像和参数指标进行比较,实验表明不论从视觉效果,还是采用信息熵,联合熵和平均梯度作为评价标准,都优于传统的小波变换法.     

采用提升方向波变换的异源图像融合新算法

方向波(Directionlet)变换是一种基于格子的歪斜小波变换,与标准二维小波变换相比,它具有多方向性和各向异性,能够更好地描述图像的特征.针对异源图像融合这一研究热点,提出了一种新的基于方向波变换的图像融合方法,并采用提升算法有效地解决了该变换方法的运算速度问题.首先,对已配准的两幅图像分别沿变换和队列方向进行次数不等的提升变换,得到具有各向异性的子图;然后,采用低频子图直接平均融合,高频部分选择具有较强各向异性信息分量的方法得到融合图像的所有方向波变换系数;最后,经过反变换得到融合图像.实验结果表明:该算法的融合效果和运算速度都优于标准小波变换和其他的二代小波变换.     

基于多小波的高分辨率与多光谱图像融合

为了将高分辨率与多光谱图像进行有效地融合,本文提出了一种将 HIS 变换,多小波变换及 PCNN神经网络相结合的图像融合算法。该算法首先采用HIS变换将多光谱图像分为 H、I、S 3个分量,然后使用多小波分别分解I分量和高分辨率图像得到各自的高频和低频分量,接着低频采用矢量融合,高频采用PCNN融合,最后采用多小波逆变换以及HIS逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果显示本文方法在融合时间、视觉效果及客观评价指标上综合效果比较好。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.