稀土氧化物Y2O3直接法催化合成聚乳酸

研究了稀土氧化物直接法催化合成聚乳酸反应.结果表明,稀土氧化物对合成聚乳酸有一定的效果.催化剂的活性、选择性与反应温度、反应时间、反应压力以及原料组成有很大关系.不同稀土氧化物的催化性能截然不同,Y2O3的催化性能优于其他稀土氧化物,反应时间30 h,聚合物分子量最高,反应时间延长,聚合物的分子量下降;反应温度超过140℃,聚合物的分子量下降;催化剂的用量也会影响聚合物的分子量.     

稀土氧化物在氮化硅陶瓷中应用的研究进展

简要论述了稀土氧化物在氮化硅陶瓷材料中的应用研究概况,介绍了单一稀土氧化物以及复合掺杂稀土氧化物在氮化硅陶瓷材料中的应用进展,并比较了它们对氮化硅陶瓷材料性能的影响;最后对稀土氧化物在氮化硅陶瓷材料中的应用前景作了简单分析和展望.     

稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物的制备及其在催化方面的研究进展

主要介绍了稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物的结构及其主要制备方法,评述了各种制备方法的优劣.简述了目前国内外稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物在催化方面的应用情况与研究进展,并对其前景进行了展望.     

稀土催化剂的应用

稀土氧化物或稀土复合氧化物加入普通催化剂中 ,使催化剂具有优良的活性 ,本文从稀土催化剂在石油工业、高分子合成、氨合成、汽车尾气净化、橡胶合成、有机合成以及稀土固体超强酸在酯类合成中的应用等几个方面进行了阐述     

Fe、Co基费托合成催化剂助剂研究进展

介绍了费托合成催化剂研究现状和助剂的作用,评述了Fe、Co基费托合成催化剂助剂:碱金属、Cu、贵金属、稀土氧化物、费托反应金属及其他金属等.分析了Fe、Co基催化剂费托合成催化剂助剂的效应和Fe、Co基催化剂的优缺点,对今后催化剂的研究提出了一点建议.     

专利文摘

稀土改性沸石催化剂制备和应用申请号 85 102764 申请日 1985.4.1 申请人大连工学院地址辽宁省大连市凌水河本发明为磷-稀土改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂的制备和在甲苯歧化、甲苯与乙烯的烷基化反应中的应用。其中磷-稀土改性ZSM-5沸石催化剂的制备方法如下:(1)沸石分子筛的合成,可采用共胶法。原料为硅酸钠、硫酸铝、硫酸、正丁胺及水。折合成氧化物的分子比:     

基于硫酸减量化从钕铁硼废料中选择性转型分离稀土

针对现阶段钕铁硼废料中稀土难于经济有效提取的现状,开展了钕铁硼废料硫酸化焙烧选择性分离稀土的研究。结果表明,Fe2(SO4)3亦可使稀土氧化物发生硫酸盐转型,这使硫酸用量显著减少,在硫酸用量为理论量的2.0倍、焙烧温度750℃、焙烧时间1.5 h条件下,近98%的稀土氧化物在H2SO4, Fe2(SO4)3的共同作用下转化为易分离的硫酸稀土,而铁的浸出率小于0.1%,主要以易于冶炼的赤铁矿(Fe2O3)物相存在于渣中,该工艺实现了硫酸的减量化与钕铁硼废料的综合利用。     

费托合成钴基催化剂稀土助剂改性研究进展

综述了近几年费托合成钴基催化剂稀土助剂改性方面的研究进展。针对稀土氧化物助剂对钴基催化剂的促进作用,重点分析了稀土氧化物对钴基催化剂的还原度、分散度和费托反应性能的影响,最后对钴基催化剂今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

费托合成钴基催化剂稀土助剂改性研究进展

综述了近几年费托合成钴基催化剂稀土助剂改性方面的研究进展。针对稀土氧化物助剂对钴基催化剂的促进作用,重点分析了稀土氧化物对钴基催化剂的还原度、分散度和费托反应性能的影响,最后对钴基催化剂今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

燃烧合成氮化硅陶瓷晶须研究进展

燃烧合成法是一种高效能、低消耗的陶瓷材料合成方法。简要介绍了燃烧合成方法特点,评述了近年来燃烧合成氮化硅陶瓷晶须的研究进展,详细总结了原料选择、多种添加剂（如铁、稀土氧化物、铵盐等）对氮化硅晶须最终形貌和性能的影响, 总结了工艺参数,尤其是氮气压力和堆积密度对晶须生长的影响,并详细讨论了在燃烧合成过程中晶须的生长机理。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。