基于PC的不变矩实时计算算法

矩和不变矩是工业部件识别和检测的重要特征.几何矩的值必须实时计算.介绍了灰度图像二维几何矩的高效计算.尽管存在许多矩快速计算算法,但不能在没有特殊硬件工具的微机上实时计算.原因是这些快速算法虽减少了计算复杂性,但在计算过程中仍需要大量浮点运算.为了实现在微机上的实时计算,提出的算法将图像分成相同大小的块,每图像块运用定点运算计算各自矩,然后运用浮点运算计算整个图像的矩.这种计算模式不需要近似而是精确计算,然而对于每个图像块不采用变换不容易克服溢出问题,在高效计算各图像块矩过程中使用了改进的Hatamian滤波器.实验结果表明,提出的算法大大减少了浮点运算次数,大大提高了图像矩计算速度.该算法可有效应用于复杂工业部件的实时识别和检测.     

对等网络中动态自适应信任计算模型

本文首先给出了对等计算环境下信任的定义,并分析了信任的属性.根据对等网络的特点,提出了一个动态自适应信任模型,着重介绍了信任的计算模型.在信任计算模型中,直接信任度评估采用基于贝叶斯评估方法,推荐信任度是在基于直接信任度计算的基础上,结合自身信任经验计算推荐信任度,最后给出了综合评估信任度计算模型.仿真结果表明,在交互决策时显示出模型的优越性和健壮性.     

基于OSCAR集群的并行图像处理模型

虽然图像处理技术取得了巨大进步,然而随之也带来了不断增长的计算量.虽然pc机的计算速度有了巨大的提升,大计算量的图像处理如果在单机上运行仍然要耗费大量时间.本文介绍了解决此问题的一种有效途径--并行计算.在并行计算机上使用并行算法对数字图像进行处理,使一些计算复杂度很高和计算量很大的计算问题得到较好解决,并获得满意的结果.     

基于网络计算的心电仿真计算研究

为了充分利用计算机处理能力,缩短心电仿真计算在系统中的计算时间,通过对心电仿真计算问题进行分析,结合当前网络计算的广泛应用,提出了在异构环境中面向较短计算时间的并行任务调度方法.文中的心电仿真计算调度算法,采用网络计算平台进行心电仿真计算的并行实现.实验结果表明,该任务调度方法能够有效的缩短应用在系统中的运行时间,取得了很好的效果.     

浅析高性能计算应用的需求与发展

高性能计算应用在高性能计算技术的支持下为科技创新做出了巨大贡献,并且和高性能计算技术在相辅相成中不断发展.自2004年以来,中国科学院计算机网络信息中心超级计算中心针对中国科学院在“十一五”期间的高性能计算需求在全院范围内开展了多次调研活动,对中国科学院在“十一五”期间高性能计算的整体需求及各应用领域需求的分布情况有了比较全面的了解,其调研结果对“十一五”中国科学院高性能计算环境建设和高性能计算应用的发展具有良好的借鉴作用.首先介绍了国内外高性能计算应用的发展现状,并结合中国科学院高性能计算环境建设和高性能计算应用的发展情况,分析了“十一五”中国科学院高性能计算的应用需求,最后对我国高性能计算应用的发展前景进行了展望.     

基于多智能体的多机群网格模型

在由多计算机机群构成的网格环境下,为了实现数据并行型计算,提出了一个基于多智能体机制的网格开发模型.给出了由多计算机机群组成的网格、逻辑计算机机群、数据并行型计算和一系列Agent的定义.利用管理智能体、独立计算智能体、协同计算智能体以及协同计算组之间的协同计算机制来实现数据并行型计算.描述了网格计算过程.实践表明,该模型有效地适应了多机群网格环境的异构性、动态性等特性,提高了计算资源的利用率.该模型适合于基于网格的并行型计算.     

卷积神经网络卷积层的FPGA实现

卷积神经网络在图像处理领域取得了突出的表现,但是由于其庞大的计算量使得它的应用范围受到限制.通常,卷积层的计算量占据了整个网络的大部分计算,主要包含有大量的乘法和加法,本文针对卷积层的计算特点,实现了一种高效的卷积层加速模块的设计.最后通过实验结果表明,在计算相同的网络结构下,该设计相比于CPU的计算效率更高.     

基于区块链的外包服务公平支付方案

随着外包计算服务的快速发展,云计算吸引了越来越多的个人和企业使用外包服务提供商的服务.而雾计算进一步将云计算扩展到网络边缘,在雾计算中,用户由于受计算资源的约束,所以将计算任务外包给雾节点.然而,用户和雾计算节点之间的相互不信任,将会导致公平支付的问题.现有的大多数解决方案采用的是传统的支付机制,需要依赖银行来实现支付.为了实现外包服务的公平支付问题,本文提出了基于区块链的外包服务公平支付方案,通过区块链智能合约支付报酬.同时本文提出的方案可以确保如果雾计算节点完成了计算任务,则用户必须支付报酬给雾计算节点.而如果雾计算节点没有完成计算任务,则用户可以获得赔偿.系统分析表明本方案实现了外包服务的正确性和公平性,并且其消耗在可接受范围内.     

满足可计算序贯均衡的理性公平计算

在安全多方计算中,公平性指的是被腐败的参与者可以得到他们的输出当且仅当诚实参与者得到他们的输出.当恶意者超过参与者数量一半时,公平性很难达到.因此在设计两方计算协议时,公平性经常被忽略.在传统多方计算中,包括总是遵守协议的诚实参与者,虽然遵守协议但是希望通过保留中间结果得到对方私有信息的半诚实参与者和任意偏离协议的恶意参与者.理性参与者不同于上述参与者,他们的主要目标是最大化他们的收益.理性计算是指带有理性参与者的计算,它开辟了实现两方安全计算中公平性的新思路.考虑了理性安全计算允许理性参与者具有不对称的信息的情况,例如效用函数和参与者的私有类型,这是与之前理性计算的不同之处.针对这种不同,提出了一种较强的均衡概念——可计算序贯均衡.可计算序贯均衡包括2部分:可计算序贯理性和一致性.它强于纳什均衡,可以用来实现理性两方计算中的公平性.最后构造了一个模拟器,证明了协议的安全性.     

基于网格的并行FFT计算研究

快速傅里叶变换(FFT)在科学和工程领域有着广泛的应用.在网格环境下进行并行FFT计算可以提高运算速度,促进FFT的应用.在介绍了网格计算发展状况的基础上,详细阐述了基于网格的分布式并行计算.实验以FFT算法为背景,在Globus Toolkit 4平台下实现了并行FFT计算,并对实验数据作了分析,说明了基于网格的并行FFT计算的可行性.最后指出网格资源调度对并行计算的重要性.     

Microcomputer programs for complex epidemiologic procedures. II. Test for equality and trend of adjusted rates

The microcomputer program presented in Part I of this series (M. H. Dong, Comput. Biomed. Res. 22, 349 (1989)) is useful for computing adjusted excess rates. That program, however, does not provide a means for a quantitative analysis of the adjusted rates computed for the categories of a risk factor. At times it is crucial for us to determine whether after adjustment a factor exerts a dose-response effect that is statistically significant. Recently a hypothesis test for analyzing such an effect has been reported. The test is based on score statistics obtained directly from a product model assumed for the excess rate. The objective of this second part is to continue to make available a microcomputer program that has been written to implement the computation of these score statistics, which likewise entails a complex and lengthy iterative procedure. In this communication the test is described and the application of the microcomputer program is illustrated.     

Optimal alignments of biological sequences on a microcomputer

An algorithm and a program have been developed which enable optimal alignments of biological sequences on an 8-bit microcomputer. The compiled program can process sequences up to 1000 residues on a Commodore 64. Since this program was written originally in the BASIC language, it may readily be adapted to other microcomputers with small changes.     

Micrographics in failure analysis and design of structures

An efficient procedure and a microcomputer BASIC program have been developed for automatic generation of failure mechanisms for plastic analysis and optimal plastic design of low-rise, unbraced frames. In order to display/plot the failure mechanism by microcomputer an efficient scheme has been devised for calculating the displacements of the joints of the failure mechanism. The interactive microcomputer program developed in this work is an effective tool for failure analysis and optimal plastic design of frames. It can also be used as a powerful aid in teaching plastic analysis and design to structural engineering students.     

call图与基于call图的相关分析

ｃａｌｌ图用来反映程序中过程之间的调用关系，在程序分析和程序转换中起着重要的作用。本文首先讨论了简单情形下ｃａｌｌ图的构造算法，然后提出了过程向量及其映射函数的概念，从而设计出一种针对允许过程作为参数时ｃａｌｌ图的构造算法，并对该算法进行了详细的分析，其时间复杂度为Ｏ。本文最后讨论并分析了基于ｃａｌｌ图的程序相关分析方法。     

Program DSSRSSR for the solution of nonlinear optimisation models

This article presents a BASIC program for solving nonlinear optimisation models. The optimisation algorithm employed in the program is a slightly modified form of the direct search with systematic reduction of the size of search region (DSSRSSR) developed by Luss and Jaakola. The program is implemented on an IBM-PC and tested by several constrained nonlinear optimisation problems given in the literature. From the results of these tests performed, the DSSRSSR algorithm was found to be effective and suitable for implementing on a microcomputer for solving nonlinear optimisation problems.     

A program for cycle-by-cycle shape analysis of biological rhythms. Application to respiratory rhythm

A computer program for cycle-by-cycle analysis and quantification of biological rhythms, written for an Apple II microcomputer with 48k RAM is described. The program comprises 4 steps: (1) file constitution suitable for biological data collecting; (2) signal digitalization at a sampling rate up to 1 kHz with storage in central memory; (3) determination of each cycle's limits (delimitation parameters being defined by the user; following delimitation, cycles may be dropped or saved for further analyses); (4) cycle-by-cycle harmonic analysis (fast Fourier Transform algorithm). The program is written in BASIC Applesoft, hardware-dependent functions (analog inputs, graphic display and random access disk storage) are implemented in subroutines (partly assembler) which may be easily modified. The program, consisting of 4 chained procedures is run interactively, although procedure (4) may be run automatically. Analysis of human ventilatory airflow signal with this program is given as an example of cycle-by-cycle shape analysis of a biological rhythm.     

Microcomputer programs for complex epidemiologic procedures. I. Computation of adjusted rates

In epidemiological cohort studies one measure of association based directly on incidence or mortality rates is the excess rate. This measure is defined as the excess in these rates between two groups with different exposure experience. At times the computation of these excess rates separately for each of the categories of a risk factor is crucial, as with these rates we can then determine whether the factor exerts a dose-response effect that may implicate a causal relation. Recently an indirect method of standardization has been reported, which computes the excess rates for a factor that are adjusted for the confounding effects of several other factors. The method involves a complex iterative procedure that cannot be carried out easily without the aid of a computer. The objective of this communication is to make available a microcomputer program that has been written to implement this laborious computation. In this pedagogic note the adjustment method is described and the application of the microcomputer program is illustrated.     

An algorithm to fit the Gompertz function to growth curves.

An algorithm to fit the Gompertz growth function is presented. This algorithm is easy to program on a microcomputer. The algorithm is based on employing a searching technique to solve a set of equations derived from the Gompertz function. Its application may prove valuable when access to a computer mainframe is difficult. Such a method may be useful in construction of a specific growth curve in biology, or as a managerial tool in livestock enterprise, as well as in the clinical treatment of tumors. Demonstration of the successful application of this algorithm in experimental livestock growth data are presented.     

微机CAD软件中用户界面设计技术——菜单管理系统设计

由于微机的功能不断扩大,微机CAD用户不断增加,为适应微机CAD软件开发的要求,我们对微机CAD系统中的用户界面进行了研究.本文主要介绍菜单设计原理和方法,如主菜单和子菜单之间的结构关系.菜单项的定义和设计、菜单与应用程序之间的接口关系以及如何保存和恢复被菜单覆盖掉的屏幕上的有关信息等.本系统的程序采用C语言编写,可在286、386或486微机上运行,使用较为方便.     

X射线粉末衍射模拟器

本文报道了一个X射线粉末衍射实验的计算机模拟程序,该程序包括实验原理、仪器介绍、实验过程、数据处理和数据管理等过程。