H13模具钢表面激光熔覆Co基合金涂层的组织和性能

采用CO2连续激光器在H13模具钢表面制备Co基合金涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机等设备分析测试了熔覆层的微观组织和性能。结果表明:激光熔覆层与H13钢基材之间呈现良好的冶金结合特征。熔覆层与基材的结合区为粗大柱状晶和细小共晶组织,熔覆层中部呈典型亚共晶组织特征,表层为致密而细小的亚共晶组织。经过激光熔覆处理后,H13钢基材表面硬度和耐磨性得到了显著改善。     

激光功率对激光熔覆FeCrBSi合金组织和性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在 45 钢表面制备了 FeCrBSi 熔覆层, 研究了激光功率对熔覆层组织和硬度的影响规律。 试验结果表明, 激光熔覆 FeCrBSi 熔覆层上部、 中部和下部的组织分别为等轴晶、 胞状晶和胞状树枝晶、 平面晶。 在扫描速率 8 mm/s, 送粉率 33 g/min, 光斑直径 3.19 mm, 激光功率 1800~3400 W 的条件下, 随着激光功率的增 加, 熔覆层不同位置的显微组织变粗; 熔覆层硬度先升高再降低; 熔覆层磨损体积先减少后增加; 熔覆层的自腐 蚀电位先升高后降低; 自腐蚀电流密度先降低后升高。 当激光功率为 2600 W 时, 熔覆层具有最高显微硬度 669 HV0.2, 熔覆层耐磨性最好, 磨损体积为基体 59.8 %, 同时熔覆层的耐蚀性最优, 自腐蚀电位为 -426.41 mV, 自 腐蚀电流密度为 0.45 μA/cm2。     

NiCrBSiC合金大面积激光熔覆层性能研究

采用CO2激光器及LASERCELL-1005六轴六联动三维激光加工机床在40Cr钢上进行激光熔覆处理。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、电化学测试系统、磨料磨损试验机等设备对熔覆层组织、硬度、磨损、腐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明:大面积激光熔覆层主要由Cr23C6,Ni3B,(Fe,Ni),Ni等相组成。激光熔覆层的显微硬度值在420~1 320 HK之间。熔覆层的硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性与基体相比均有较大的提高;大面积激光熔覆层的显微硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性均不及单道激光熔覆层;多层叠加熔覆层的耐蚀性能优于     

10V高速钢激光熔覆层的组织与性能

针对冶金辊材的表面强化和再制造需求,采用激光熔覆技术在辊芯常用材料球墨铸铁表面制备了10V高速钢熔覆层,研究了半导体直接输出激光器的工艺对熔覆过程、熔覆层组织结构与性能等的影响.结果表明:半导体激光器能够显著提高熔覆效率,避免了脉冲激光熔覆时的开裂现象;获得的熔覆层连续平整、无裂纹气孔等宏观缺陷,与球墨铸铁基体呈冶金结合状态.熔覆层显微组织特征为片层状、块状、球形颗粒状等多种形貌的快速凝固组织,由α-Fe,VC,γ-Fe,Cr23C6和Fe V等组成.熔覆层内合金元素的成分宏观均匀分布,微区有V等偏析.熔覆层显微硬度达700 HV0. 1,是基体硬度320HV0. 1的2. 18倍.在优化的工艺条件下,熔覆层磨损量是磨损30 min时基体磨损量的43%,其磨损机制为磨粒磨损及摩擦磨损,750℃热震实验结果表明,熔覆层具有良好的耐磨抗力和热冲击抗力.     

激光熔覆(V_2O_5+WO_3+C)/Ni60涂层的磨损性能研究

为了提高45#钢的耐磨损性能,采用激光熔覆技术在45#钢表面制备(V_2O_5+WO_3+C)/Ni60涂层。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对熔覆层显微组织和物相进行分析,利用显微硬度仪测试熔覆层的显微硬度,利用高速环块磨损试验机进行摩擦试验。试验结果表明:熔覆层由γ(NiFe)固溶体、原位生成的强化相W_2C、WC、VC和Cr_3C_2构成。激光熔覆(V_2O_5+WO_3+C)/Ni60涂层的硬度和耐磨损性能得到很大提高,熔覆层平均HV_(0.3)硬度高达1 400,是Ni60涂层磨损失重的1/5。     

激光功率对激光熔覆镍基合金涂层组织与性能的影响

针对水导润滑轴承在高硼水溶液的工作介质中发生的汽蚀现象,拟采用激光熔覆的方法提高其表面性能。通过激光熔覆技术在304奥氏体不锈钢表面熔覆了Ni40合金粉末,研究了激光功率对熔覆层组织与性能的影响。用半导体激光器对304奥氏体不锈钢进行激光熔覆,形成厚约为0.8 mm的熔覆层。试样分别用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行显微组织分析,用维氏硬度计测量熔覆层剖面硬度梯度,用磨损试验机测试熔覆层的耐磨性能,并在硼酸溶液中进行耐蚀性能检测试验。实验结果表明:Ni40熔覆层主要由γ-Ni及铬的化合物组成,功率影响熔覆层组织大小及元素分布,但并未引起物相的变化;相比基体,熔覆层硬度明显提高,且随功率增加而下降,熔覆层厚度随功率增加而加厚;熔覆层在摩擦磨损过程中产生的质量损失约为1.5×10~(-2)g左右,且随功率的增加而减少;熔覆层在硼酸溶液中的耐蚀性随激光功率的增加有所提高。     

铝合金表面激光熔覆钛基粉末涂层的性能与组织

采用激光熔覆技术,在铝合金表面制备钛基涂层,对激光熔覆层微观组织、摩擦磨损性能及显微硬度进行测试。结果表明:激光熔覆区主要为树枝晶,过渡区主要为胞状晶,热影响区以等轴晶为主。熔覆层样品表面平均硬度较铝合金基体(120HV)提高了2倍,硬度值为326.3HV。熔覆层的耐磨性能提高显著,表面主要为微小犁沟,磨损损失质量约为铝合金基体的53%。     

Ni3Al基合金激光熔覆组织特征与耐磨性能

利用Ni3Al/25%Cr₃C₂混合粉末和激光熔覆技术,在45钢表面制备了Ni₃Al基合金熔覆层,研究了熔覆层组织特征与耐磨性能。结果表明,Ni₃Al基合金熔覆层组织主要为Ni₃Al、NiAl和原位自生M₇C₃型碳化物。熔覆层显微硬度为599.6 HV0.1,约为45钢基板平均显微硬度的2.73倍。由于细小M₇C₃弥散分布于熔覆层中,Ni₃Al基合金熔覆层具有良好的磨损性能。熔覆层磨损机制为磨粒磨损,摩擦因数约为0.55,磨损率为1.12×10^-5mm³/N·m,约为蠕墨铸铁磨损率的28.6%。     

激光熔覆马氏体/铁素体涂层的组织与抗磨耐蚀性能

为提高液压活塞杆的耐腐蚀和抗磨损性能,在45号钢表面采用激光熔覆技术在不同激光功率下制备具有马氏体/铁素体组织的Fe基合金熔覆层。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪等手段表征涂层的物相组成、微观形貌和元素分布,采用维氏硬度计和干滑动摩擦试验机对涂层的显微硬度和抗磨损性能进行测试,并通过电化学工作站研究熔覆层的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明：Fe基合金熔覆层的主要物相为α-Fe、Ni-Cr-Fe、γ-(Fe,C)和Fe9.7Mo0.3等,主要组织为马氏体、铁素体和少量残余奥氏体。熔覆层的枝晶态组织均匀致密,无裂纹和孔隙缺陷,涂层与基体呈冶金结合。涂层的硬度与耐磨性能随激光功率增大而提高,当功率为2.4kW时,涂层的平均显微硬度(HV)为647.64,耐磨性能为45号钢的9.37倍,磨损机制为磨粒磨损。随激光功率提高,Fe基合金熔覆层的耐腐蚀性能先升高后降低,当激光功率为2.0 kW时涂层具有最佳耐腐蚀性能,显著高于活塞杆常用碳钢、不锈钢以及电镀硬铬等材料,可在相关领域替代电镀铬。     

镍基合金激光熔覆层裂纹机理研究

在Ti811钛合金板表面利用同步送粉激光熔覆技术,制备了Ni45+TC4多道搭接激光熔覆层。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析了熔覆层微观组织和相组成,采用显微硬度计测试熔覆层的显微硬度,使用摩擦磨损试验机测试熔覆层的耐磨性。结果表明,熔覆层的基底α-Ti上分布的生成相主要包括TiB_2、TiC以及金属间化合物Ti_2Ni;当组织应力和拉应力超过镍基熔覆层抗拉强度极限时,熔覆层内部和表面均出现开裂现象;熔覆层显微硬度处于1000HV_(0.5)～1200HV_(0.5)之间,较基底提高了大约2.38倍以上;熔覆层摩擦系数处于0.45～0.48之间,大约为基底的68%。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.