电弧炉炼钢用氧枪

电弧炉炼钢用氧枪分为吹氧助熔用氧枪 (氧燃喷枪 )和吹氧烧碳用氧枪两类。氧燃喷枪又分氧—油喷枪、氧—天然气喷枪和氧—煤喷枪 ;吹氧烧碳用氧枪又分为分体式水冷氧枪、复合式水冷氧枪。详细介绍了各类氧枪的结构及安装方式。     

氧枪的研究和设计

鞍山热能研究所组建了氧枪生产线。本文简要介绍氧枪枪体及转炉、平炉、电炉氧枪铸造喷头的设计特点、质量检测以及经济效益。还介绍了双流氧枪在转炉复吹技术中的应用以及曲线壁氧枪喷头、转炉旋流氧枪喷头、平炉双流氧枪喷头、电炉氧枪等的技术特点,应用概况及其经济效益。     

炼钢厂氧枪系统改造后φ299氧枪枪位控制

本文针对氧枪系统改造后氧枪枪位的设这、φ299氧枪喷头冷态测试的数据对比的设定分析、φ299氧枪与原四孔氧枪冲击面积的对比分析，氧枪操作枪位的调整等几方面影响枪位控制的问题进行了分析。     

华菱涟钢大型转炉氧枪冷却水流量的研究

对于涟钢210t转炉氧枪冷却水流量过大问题进行了转炉内氧枪传热过程的理论计算。为了比较,对国内11个大型转炉钢厂的氧枪冷却水流量、热通量进行了调查。中国大型转炉氧枪冷却水较国外高25%,氧枪外管壁厚大2～4mm,加大了设备质量和热阻。提出了涟钢氧枪冷却水的合理流量,对国内大型转炉的氧枪冷却水流量、氧枪各部位冷却水流速提出了参考意见。     

氧枪控制在转炉中的应用

在转炉炼钢生产过程中,氧枪是炼钢生产中的关键设备,在转炉冶炼过程中,氧枪根据钢水温度频繁的升降,定位要快速、准确、可靠。氧枪制动器失控极有可能造成坠枪,从而酿成重大安全事故。主要阐述了氧枪升降控制、双重抱闸控制、联锁条件等,氧枪自动控制系统保证了氧枪运行的安全、可靠、稳定、准确等性能。     

大锥度锥体氧枪研发及在半钢炼钢条件下的应用

为解决半钢炼钢条件下的氧枪粘枪问题,研制了新型大锥度锥体氧枪用于半钢炼钢,同时设计了新型5孔喷头替代原有4孔喷头以配合锥体氧枪的使用。通过进行阶段性的工业实践,新设计的5孔锥体氧枪具备了化渣快、吹炼过程平稳、粘渣后能够自行脱落等特点,很好地解决了氧枪粘枪问题,同时氧枪喷头寿命也有大幅度提高。     

向电弧炉中喷吹氧气和固体材料的不同方法之比较

比较了向电弧炉中喷吹氧气和固体材料的几种方法，即手动氧枪、氧枪操纵机、底吹和水冷氧枪。手动氧枪已不再代表目前的技术水平，而被水冷氧枪和氧枪操纵机所取代。对于向电弧炉中喷吹氧气和固体材料来说，氧枪操纵机是一种有效而且经济的工具。     

339氧枪与435氧枪提钒效果分析

通过３３９氧枪与４３５氧枪提钒效果对比分析，３３９氧枪的提钒效果优于４３５氧枪，特别是铁水钒的回收率提高了０．０１６％；３３９氧枪完全可以取代４３５氧枪作为转提钒的专用氧枪。     

260t转炉氧枪水冷系统分析

对鞍钢第三炼钢连轧厂260t转炉原、新氧枪水冷系统进行了比较分析.新氧枪对水冷系统进行了优化设计, 生产实践表明,新氧枪进回水的阻力小,提高了整体氧枪的冷却强度,延长了氧枪的使用寿命.     

120t转炉氧枪过程控制

介绍了济钢第三炼钢厂120t转炉氧枪的CRT上位计算机操作、PLC逻辑控制及自动升降枪定位吹炼等。实践证明,氧枪过程控制系统的应用,保证了氧枪运行的安全、可靠、稳定、准确,实现了氧枪吹炼过程控制的基础自动化。     

传统与聚合射流氧枪冲击炼钢熔池效果的数值模拟

通过90 t转炉的传统氧枪喷孔周围增加环氧孔,通人辅助氧气保护主氧射流形成聚合状态,建立二维两相数值模型,分析传统氧枪和聚合射流氧枪射流轴线上氧气射流速度分布及不同枪位下熔池中钢液的流动特性和冲击深度。结果表明,与传统氧枪相比,枪位相同时,聚合射流氧枪射流衰减慢,冲击力大,冲击凹坑深度深;在30De(De-氧枪出口直径)枪位下的最大冲击深度与20De枪位下的传统氧枪相同,当聚合射流氧枪在40De枪位下喷吹得平均冲击深度与传统氧枪20De枪位喷吹时相当。     

延缓倒T形脱硫喷枪纵裂纹破损的研究

通过对倒T形脱硫喷枪破损过程的现场跟踪、喷枪构成与枪芯结构分析、纵裂纹烧穿破损机理分析，完成了枪芯结构的改进、喷枪的工业性试验与推广应用。取得了优良的试验效果，达到了大幅度提高喷枪使用寿命的目的。     

鞍钢180t转炉锥体氧枪的研制与应用

为解决氧枪结渣、粘钢难处理,氧枪寿命低问题,研制开发了锥体氧枪。生产实践表明,采用锥体氧枪,氧枪寿命平均可提高10%以上,枪体冷却效果能够满足吹炼要求,粘钢渣自行脱落效果好,粘钢渣容易处理,经济效益显著。     

电弧炉氧和固体燃料不同喷吹设备的比较

本文叙述了利用数控机床的计算机诊断功能和电气原理图来排除其故障的方法。     

转炉复合锥度分体式氧枪的研究与应用

介绍了一种新型转炉炼钢氧枪——复合锥度分体式氧枪。该氧枪具有枪体粘渣易于自动脱落、换枪速度快、操作稳定、喷溅少、金属收得率高、可减轻工人的劳动强度等优点,经济效益和社会效益十分可观,具有普遍的推广价值     

钢水真空精炼顶枪的电气控制设计与实现

针对目前国内冶金行业钢水精炼中的顶枪装置发生变频器故障时,导致顶枪无法快速自动提升至真空槽外,且易引起顶枪枪体被烧坏,研发出了一种新型顶枪升降装置控制电路,可提高顶枪装置的安全性和可靠性。     

Cold Modelling of Slag Splashing in LD Furnace by Oxygen Lance with Twisted Nozzle Tip

The effects of a conventional lance tip with 4 normal nozzles and a lance tip with 4 twisted nozzles on slag splashing were investigated. A cold model for LD converters, Jiuquan Iron & Steel Co., was established and the amount of slag splashed onto the model walls was measured in the cold modelling experiments. The results from the experiments show that at low top gas flow rate the amount of slag splashing for the tip with twisted nozzles is less than that for the conventional tip, whereas at high top gas flow rate the amount of slag splashing for the nozzle twisted lance is greater than that for the conventional lance. For the nozzle twisted lance tip, slag splashing rates increase with increase in slag amount, lance height and top gas flow rate and the maximum amount of slag splashing for the tip with twisted nozzles can be obtained under the process parameters of 47.6 Nm³/h gas flow rate, 12% slag amount and 247 mm lance height. More slag droplets can be directed onto the cone with a nozzle twisted lance tip than with a normal lance tip at high top gas flow rate.     

The Penetration Behavior of an Annular Gas–Solid Jet Impinging on a Liquid Bath: The Effects of the Density and Size of Solid Particles

Top-blow injection of a gas?Csolid jet through a circular lance is used in the Mitsubishi Continuous Smelting Process. One problem associated with this injection is the severe erosion of the hearth refractory below the lances. A new configuration of the lance to form an annular gas?Csolid jet rather than the circular jet was designed in this laboratory. With this new configuration, the solid particles fed through the center tube leave the lance at a much lower velocity than the gas, and the penetration behavior of the jet is significantly different from that with a circular lance where the solid particles leave the lance at the same high velocity as the gas. In previous cold-model investigations in this laboratory, the effects of the gas velocity, particle feed rate, lance height of the annular lance, and the cross-sectional area of the gas jet were studied and compared with the circular lance. This study examined the effect of the density and size of the solid particles on the penetration behavior of the annular gas?Csolid jet, which yielded some unexpected results. The variation in the penetration depth with the density of the solid particles at the same mass feed rate was opposite for the circular lance and the annular lance. In the case of the circular lance, the penetration depth became shallower as the density of the solid particles increased; on the contrary, for the annular lance, the penetration depth became deeper with the increasing density of particles. However, at the same volumetric feed rate of the particles, the density effect was small for the circular lance, but for the annular lance, the jets with higher density particles penetrated more deeply. The variation in the penetration depth with the particle diameter was also different for the circular and the annular lances. With the circular lance, the penetration depth became deeper as the particle size decreased for all the feed rates, but with the annular lance, the effect of the particle size was small. The overall results including the previous work indicated that the penetration behavior of an annular jet is much less sensitive to the variations in operating variables than that of a circular jet. Correlation equations for the penetration depth that show good agreements with the measured values have been developed.