高密度电阻率法在查明滑坡覆盖层厚度中的应用

高密度电阻率法由于具有效率高、探测深和精确度高的特点,已成为在水文和工程地质勘察中最有效的物探方法之一。本文简要的介绍了高密度电阻率法的工作原理,并着重分析了此方法在某工区查明滑坡覆盖层厚度中的应用实例,其结果取得了好的效果。     

高密度电阻率法在防空洞探测中的应用

高密度电法在原理上属于电法勘探中电阻率法范畴，是在常规电法勘探基础上发展起来的一新的勘探方法，在工程勘探中，高密度电阻率法集电剖面和电测深于一体，既可以观测地下一定深度范围内的横向电性变化情况，又可以观测垂向电性的变化特征，与其它电法相比具有明显的优势，通过对防空洞的探测，表明高密度电阻率法在工程勘探中有着广泛的应用。     

高密度电法与大地电磁法在地质勘查中的综合应用

为了查明广东省廉江大垌矿区的地层覆盖层厚度和岩溶、破碎带发育等情况,采用高密度电法和大地电磁法对该矿区进行了调查研究,获得了调查区的电阻率二维成像图,对其异常形态进行了分析,结果表明:高密度电法与大地电磁法对于确定土层的厚度、区分土层和岩石的分界面具有良好的效果;根据电阻率的分布及变化趋势可以较好地圈定岩溶、溶洞的分布范围、大小和埋深,但容易受到外界因素的影响,需要人为排除干扰点。经钻探资料验证,高密度电法和大地电磁法的综合推断结果与实际情况吻合。     

高密度电法在广州市花都区祈福房地产土洞勘察中的应用

高密度电法属于一种比较新型的电阻率方法,该方法可以快速采集电阻率,同时实时处理现场数据,工作效率得到有效提升,转变了传统的电法工作模式。高密度电法融合了电剖面与电测深,利用高密度布点,对二维地电断面进行测量,具有数据量大和信息多的特征,此外该方法的观测速度比较快,精度也得到提升,能够有效的帮助我们寻找岩溶发育区域、断层构造带、破碎带以及划分电性差异较大介质界面。     

瞬变电磁法在采空区电性特征探测中的应用

通过对资源整合后的某露天矿采空区进行电性特征试验,确定了瞬变电磁法主要参数,包括发射边框大小、发射频率高低、发射电流强弱、积分时间及采集增益等。基于采空区及其积水区与围岩的电性特征呈现明显电性差异,分析了瞬变电磁测线断面图及视电阻率顺层切片平面图,发现采空区视电阻率等值线形态略向下弯曲或闭合圈异常、电阻率值有高有低的特点,同时配合高密度电法探测结果,最终圈定该露天矿采空区及其积水面积,为后期采空区治理提供了可靠的地质信息。     

浅谈阿什里地区MT电性模型的建立

通过对大地电磁测深法在西部勘探中优势的分析,结合其地球物理原理,指出建立区域电性模型对MT资料预处理、反演、解释等工作的重要性。结合阿什里地区概况,提出MT首支电阻率统计法、测井电阻率和区域综合资料电性统计等方法来建立区域电性模型。     

高密度电阻率法和等值反磁通瞬变电磁法在岩溶勘察区中的综合应用

岩溶作为灰岩中一种常见的不良地质体病害,是由于地下水的长期侵蚀使灰岩中裂隙、破碎带更加发育,从而形成溶洞。在高速公路勘察中,岩溶往往对工程的安全性具有重大的影响,因此为了准确探测岩溶的发育方向、分布位置,根据岩溶与围岩的电性差异特征,使用高密度电阻率法与等值反磁通瞬变电磁法对岩溶路基进行勘察,实践表明这两种综合物探方法对岩溶的大小、分布范围、埋深具有很好的效果,对公路勘察具有重要的指导意义。     

高密度电阻率法在岩溶体探测中的应用

在重庆市巫山县桃花山管护站及摩天岭森林小镇配套设施工程勘察中,通过高密度电阻率成像探测法,建立了岩溶体地质特征-电性特征解释模型,查明了岩溶体的空间特征,结合地表多处地裂缝及地表地貌变形带,推断了岩溶体位置,认为测区南部区域溶蚀较为明显,为该区域施工建设提供一些数据支撑。     

东濮凹陷文200块低电阻油层特征及形成机理

本文在研究岩芯分析的基础上,描述了文东地区低电阻率油层的岩性、物性、含有性、及电性特征,综合分析了低电阻率油层的成因机理,为找到识别低电阻率油层的有效方法,发现更多的低电阻率油藏,提高油田的储量和产量,具有重要的意义。     

双频电阻率测井在陆相沉积油田的应用前景

岩石电性参数(电阻率、介电常数等)频散是岩石介质的重要特征之一,利用岩石电阻率频散特性发展起来的测井——双频电阻率测井方法,有望改善和提高陆相沉积地层油气评价的质量和能力。应用电性参数的频散特性进行地层评价是目前定义的双频电阻率测井的主要特点。本文从电阻率测井基本原理出发,介绍了双频电阻率测井的理论依据及测井原理,仪器性能指标及适用范围,通过在胜利及中原油田部分井上的测井解释实施,取得了较好效果,证明了双频电阻率电阻率测井方法有效性,特别是在低水淹层的解释上与油藏动态生产特征符合率较高,该项测井技术有着良好的应用前景。     

Study on the measurement method for resistivity of mineral powder — Taking micro-crystal muscovite for example

There has been no an effective method to measure resistivity of mineral powder and other powder materials until now. According to the national standards GB/T1410-2006, the method to measure resistivity of mineral powder and other powder materials was studied by using the digital high resistance meter and a small measurement electrode which is adequate for the measurement of flat specimen whose diameter is 18 mm. A formula to calculate resistivity of mineral powder by the testing data of its powder compacts was derived according to the compacts characteristics and the generalized effective medium equation (GEM). Then, taking micro-crystal muscovite for example, the experimental results proves that the measurement method is effective and feasible because the resistivity data of mineral powders are the same as that of their dense blocky samples. Further experimental results show that the volume resistivity and surface resistivity of mineral powder are not influenced by mineral particle size. And the upper and lower faces of powder compacts do not affect the volume resistivity of mineral powder, but affect the surface resistivity obviously. So, it is necessary to characterize the surface resistivity of mineral powder by the testing data of the upper face (punch face) of powder compacts. Moreover, the resistivity of mineral powder is greatly influenced by both the drying time and standing time in air. Therefore, in order to obtain correct result, the samples should be dried to constant weight before testing, isolated from air during cooling and measured immediately when exposed to air, and the testing time should be as short as possible.     

孤岛油田水淹层变化规律研究

孤岛油田经过40余年的开发,已经进入高含水生产阶段。研究结果表明水淹程度和注入水性质控制电阻率曲线特征变化和储层特征变化,岩石润湿性随着含水饱和度越高由亲油向亲水方向逐渐变化。随着油层含水饱和度的增加,流体特征发生一系列变化,与原始油层区别较大。     

黏土及类黏土液晶材料的研究进展

黏土矿物(clay minerals)是组成黏土岩和土壤的主要矿物,它是一种含镁、铝为主的水合硅酸盐矿物.研究发现黏土矿物液晶与有机液晶材料相比,具有光、电、磁性能强,热稳定性好,价格低廉等优点.简要介绍了黏土矿物液晶材料的形成机理,概述了片层状黏土液晶材料、纤维型黏土液晶材料、类黏土矿物液晶材料的制备方法和研究现状,同时介绍了不同条件(浓度、离子强度、外电场作用、分散介质、重力作用)对黏土及类黏土分散体系相变的影响,并对黏土矿物液晶材料的应用发展前景进行了概述.     

煤炭生物选择性絮凝脱硫试验研究

主要研究了煤炭和草分枝杆菌的表面特性、表面电位、以及生物选择性吸附问题。研究表明,草分枝杆菌能选择性的与带正电矿物发生吸附作用,并使它们表面疏水化;因此,草分枝杆菌可以作为这些矿物的良好絮凝剂与捕收剂使用,用浮选脱硫实验加以验证。     

CB/PE阻燃抗静电复合材料的制备和性能研究

制备了聚乙烯基炭黑(CB)导电复合材料;并研究了偶联剂、抗静电剂、阻燃剂、增韧剂、碳纤维对CB/聚乙烯(PE)复合材料电性能的影响。其中偶联剂、抗静电剂、阻燃剂、碳纤维对电性能起正作用,能有效降低体系的体积电阻率;新增韧剂在质量分数小于15%之前起正作用,添加量增加则为反作用,不利于炭黑的分散,使材料转变为绝缘体。试验中运用均匀设计的方法对体系配方进行了优化,经过电学、力学和燃烧测试后,筛选得到了综合性能较好的样品。     

掺合料对钢渣混凝土电阻率的作用

把混凝土作为电工材料 ,对其电性能进行研究 ,尚属少见。作者通过测定混凝土的电性能 ,对其工艺参数、性能、质量进行无损检测和质量控制 ,具有实用意义。本文研究了掺合料 (硅灰、粉煤灰 )对钢渣导电砂浆电阻率的影响 ,结果表明此法能较好地反映掺合料活性与掺量的变化     

余热锅炉省煤器腐蚀分析与预防措施

针对余热发电锅炉省煤器高温腐蚀的严重情况,对省煤器腐蚀产物的显微结构、化学组成及矿物组成进行了系统分析,揭示了省煤器高温腐蚀的机理,分析了高温腐蚀的原因,并提出了有效的预防措施。     

轮胎厂节电措施

介绍了降低基本电费、提高功率因数、提高电压等级、淘汰高能耗设备、利用电价的峰平谷差价安排生产、使用变频控制、采用新型节电技术等节电措施。     

Recovery of mineral fertiliser N and slurry N in continuous silage maize using the <Superscript>15</Superscript>N and difference methods

The stable isotope technique and the difference method are common approaches for estimating fertiliser N uptake efficiency. Both methods, however, have limitations and their suitability may depend on N management and environmental conditions. A field experiment was conducted on a humus sandy soil in northern Germany to estimate fertiliser N uptake efficiency of silage maize in the year of application (Zea mays L.) by the stable isotope and the difference method as influenced by the type of N fertiliser (mineral vs. cattle slurry), the application mode (separate or combined application), and N rate. Seven N treatments were included (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg mineral N ha⁻¹; 20, 40 m3 cattle slurry ha⁻¹; 50 kg mineral N ha⁻¹ plus 40 m3 slurry ha⁻¹), where either mineral N or slurry N was labelled, and mineral N was split into two dressings. In addition, 4.1 kg ha⁻¹ labelled mineral N was incorporated into otherwise unlabelled treatments (0, 20, 40 m3 ha⁻¹, and 50 kg mineral N ha⁻¹ plus 40 m3 ha⁻¹) to estimate N uptake from the upper soil layer. Uptake of ¹⁵N was followed in leaves, stalk, ear, and the whole crop. Fertiliser N uptake efficiency (FNUE_15N) of mineral fertiliser N obtained by the isotope technique ranged between 51 and 61%. Recovered fertiliser N was mainly found in the ear, while less labelled N remained in leaves and the stalk. The nitrogen rate tended to increase the amount of recovered N, but the effect was not consistent among plant parts and the whole crop. Plant N uptake from non-fertiliser N was found to increase N input up to 100 kg N ha⁻¹. Nitrogen recoveries of the two mineral N dressings were similar for the different plant parts as well as for the whole crop. Fertiliser N uptake efficiency (FNUE_diff) of mineral N estimated by the difference method resulted in substantially higher values compared to FNUE_15N, varying between 56 and 98%. More N was taken up from the upper soil layer with increasing N supply, which is regarded as a major error source of the difference method. Slurry N was taken up less efficient in the year of application than mineral fertiliser N as indicated by recovery rates of 21–22% (FNUE_15N) and 39–62% (FNUE_diff), respectively. When mineral N and slurry were applied together, the difference method estimated significantly lower N uptake efficiencies for both mineral and slurry N compared to a single application, while values obtained by the isotope method were not affected.     

LDPE/SiO_x纳米复合材料的制备及电性能研究

采用正交试验通过硅溶胶母料法制备低密度聚乙烯/纳米氧化硅(LDPE/nano SiOx)复合材料,研究乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、SiOx含量和分散剂种类对复合材料电性能的影响。通过体积电阻率实验、击穿场强实验和树枝放电实验进行测试和分析,结果表明,对复合材料综合性能影响的主次顺序是EVA含量与分散剂种类的影响相差不大,均大于SiOx含量的影响;综合性能好的复合材料的合适配方为:EVA3%(质量分数),SiOx1%(质量分数),分散剂为聚乙二醇200。