一款具有双方环结构的有源电路模拟吸波材料

简单阐述电路模拟吸波材料的吸波原理,提出使用CST电磁仿真软件,通过电抗加载的方式对有源电路模拟吸波材料进行分析的方法。设计一款具有双方环结构的有源电路模拟吸波材料,并使用该方法对其进行分析。仿真结果表明这款吸波材料具有良好的双频吸波特性,通过改变两个方环的加载电阻(即改变PIN管的偏置电流),可改变吸波材料的吸波频率。     

Broadband electromagnetic absorber with ferrite/ferrite hybridstructure

A new broadband electromagnetic absorber has been constructed by using the NiZn/NiZn ferrite hybrid structure and analysed using the FEM (finite element method). The structure is only 55.5 mm high, and has a reflection loss of <-20 dB in the frequency range 30 MHz-3 GHz. These characteristics are superior to those of conventional absorbers which have been used in anechoic chambers     

Electromagnetic wave absorbing characteristics of Ni-Zn ferritegrid absorber

The reflection loss of Ni-Zn ferrite grid absorber is studied in the low frequency limit which the period of the array is small compared with wavelength. The relative equivalent complex permeability and permittivity with air volume fraction is obtained using the Hashin-Shtrikman (1962) upper-bound formula. The impedance matching conditions for maximum electromagnetic wave absorption are obtained by the “contour map method.” Two impedance matching thicknesses and frequencies are compared with theoretical matching relationships derived under the limiting case of impedance matching formula. As the air volume fraction increases, the first matching frequency, f_m1 remains nearly constant, while the second one, f_m2 decreases and approaches f_m1. Therefore, the absorption band of a ferrite grid absorber is broader than that of the single layered ferrite plate absorber     

Comparison of electromagnetic absorber used in anechoic andsemi-anechoic chambers for emissions and immunity testing of digitaldevices

The absorber used in anechoic and semi-anechoic chambers employed for emissions and immunity testing of digital devices is examined. Using reflectivities obtained by the method of homogenization, the advantages and disadvantages of urethane pyramids, twisted-pyramids, wedges, as well as ferrite tiles, ferrite grids, and “hybrid” combinations of urethanes and ferrites, are determined. General reflectivity guidelines are also presented for comparing absorber used for the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing of digital devices from 30 to 1000 MHz     

Low-frequency reflectivity approximation for two- andthree-dimensional EM absorbers

Large-size electromagnetic absorbers are mainly used in anechoic and semi-anechoic chambers for electromagnetic compatibility testing. Therefore, the determination of the reflectivities in the low-frequency range (30-300 MHz) are of paramount importance in the performance evaluation of the absorber and, finally, in a “dark room” design. We here present a low-frequency approximation of the reflectivity based on a boundary and surface integral equation technique. This approach makes it possible to compare the approximation to the rigorous integral equation approach and to other approximations in the literature. The validity of the new low-frequency approximation is discussed based on reflectivity calculations of representative two- (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) absorber structures     

频率选择表面结构吸波体的电磁特性研究

采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)计算了蝶形和方环形FSS单元图形的反射与传输特性以及反射信号与入射信号的相位关系,并对计算结果进行了分析.结果表明电磁波的干涉相消是FSS吸波体吸波的主要原因,并且当反射电磁波满足2nπ的相位关系时才能达到最佳吸波效果;FSS吸波体的中心频率随介质层厚度的增加而下降;介质层厚度为5 mm时...     

Application of Ferrite to Electromagnetic Wave Absorber and its Characteristics

An electromagnetic wave absorber utilizing ferrite or rubber ferrite composed of ferrite powder and rubber is described. In our investigation, the existence of a matching frequency f/sub m/ and a matching thickness t/sub m/ has been found. The terms f/sub m/ and t/sub m/ mean that the ferrite which is backed with a conducting plate can be a perfect absorber only under the conditions that the frequency of the incident wave is f/sub m/ and that the thickness of the ferrite is t/sub m/.Each ferrite has two matching frequencies f/sub m1/, f/sub m2/, (f/sub m1相似文献   

Novel planar electromagnetic absorber designs using genetic algorithms

A new type of absorber is proposed created by drilling holes in a single layer of lossy material. The new absorber is designed using genetic algorithms to achieve low reflectance over a wide frequency band. Results based on genetic algorithms demonstrate that the new absorber outperforms multilayer absorbers and absorbers embedding frequency selective surfaces between lossy materials. Numerical results are presented for different bandwidths, wave incidence angles, and polarizations.     

Structural,Magnetic, and Reflection Loss Characteristics of Ni/Co/Sn-Substituted Strontium Ferrite/Functionalized MWCNT Nanocomposites

Ni/Co/Sn-substituted strontium ferrite [SrFe_12?x (Ni_0.5Co_0.5Sn) _x/2O₁₉]/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were produced by assembling ferrite particles on the external surfaces of MWCNTs. Various techniques including x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to demonstrate the successful attachment of ferrite particles onto the external surfaces of the MWCNTs. XRD analysis and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of strontium ferrite and carbon nanotube phases in ferrite and nanocomposite samples, respectively. FE-SEM micrographs indicated the formation of ferrite particles on the outer surfaces of MWCNTs in nanocomposite samples. Furthermore, vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) and reflection loss (RL) measurements were performed to assess the magnetic and microwave characteristics of the synthesized samples. VSM loops confirmed a relatively strong dependence of the saturation magnetization and coercivity on the volume percentage of MWCNTs. With the introduction of MWCNTs or an increase in the substitution, the saturation magnetization and coercivity were decreased. The RL properties of the nanocomposites were investigated in the 8 GHz to 12 GHz frequency range. The sample with 80 wt.% nanocomposite content showed a maximum RL of ?35 dB at 8.3 GHz with a 4 GHz absorption bandwidth over the extended frequency range of 8 GHz to 12 GHz for absorber thickness of 1.8 mm. The RL evaluations indicated that these nanocomposites have high potential for application as wide-band electromagnetic wave absorbers at GHz frequencies.     

Dielectric absorber design for wide band–wide oblique incidence angle using genetic algorithm

With an aim to design a V-shape absorber using a global optimization algorithm, the reflectivity value of the absorber is calculated as a cost function by using an equivalent multilayered absorber model, and is minimized by the optimization algorithm. Both normal and oblique incidences of plane wave are analyzed. The optimization parameters are the relative permittivity and the length of the multilayered absorber over a wide frequency band and wide oblique incidence angle of a plane wave. The optimized results for different frequency bands and incidence angles show that the minimized reflection coefficients and corresponding relative permittivity are within an acceptable range for each application considered in this work.     

透明吸波体综述北大核心CSCD

吸波体是一种带有损耗特性的周期结构,能够吸收电磁波,将电磁能转化为热能,降低反射的电磁波能量。随着应用场景的特殊化,吸波体朝着特殊领域、特定功能、更具针对性的方向发展。由于各类含有光学窗口的应用环境对抗电磁干扰需求的不断提高,吸波体光学透明化成为研究的重点方向。为了对透明吸波体的发展状况有系统的认识,文章以制造材料为脉络梳理了近年来可见光透明吸波体的研究现状,包括氧化铟锡(ITO)、金属网栅、石墨烯等,综述了以它们为材料制备的透明吸波体优缺点以及发展趋势,最后对透明吸波体的未来发展进行了展望。     

Improvement in the Low Frequency Performance of Geometric Transition Radar Absorbers Using Square Loop Impedance Layers

A technique is described for improving the low frequency performance of geometric transition (GT) radar absorbers based on lossy foam pyramids. The technique makes use of the fact that at high frequencies, only the geometric transition region of the absorber is utilized whereas at low frequencies, the whole absorber thickness interacts with the incident wave. Hence the low frequency performance may be improved, without compromising that at high frequencies, by electrically loading the absorber base layer using one or more frequency selective surfaces (FSS) whose elements are typically in the form of single or nested loops. Other advantages of this technique include minimal increases in weight and manufacturing costs. The paper includes comparative predictions of unmodified and loaded GT absorber reflectivity at both normal and oblique incidence and discusses the effect on absorber performance of tolerance variations in the dimensions and location of the loading FSS elements. Finally, free-space reflectivity measurements on unmodified and loaded commercial absorber blocks are made over the frequency range 1-10 GHz and these confirm the validity of the technique.     

Reflection characteristics of a PML with a shallow corrugation

The constitutive characteristics of anisotropic materials can be exploited to construct absorbers that provide reflectionless interfaces for waves at arbitrary angles of incidence. In this paper, we investigate how a weak corrugation affects the reflectivity of the anisotropic perfectly matched absorber developed by Sacks et al. (1995) for a flat interface. To do so, we develop a Rayleigh method to calculate the fields diffracted at the periodically corrugated boundary of an anisotropic absorber with constant constitutive tensors, which correspond to a planar (Cartesian) perfectly matched layer. We present numerical results in the nondiffractive regime (where only a specularly reflected wave can propagate) for sinusoidal corrugations with different groove height-to-period ratios. Our results show that the reflectivity of the anisotropic absorber near normal incidence remains very low (less than 0.4% for a 10% modulation), whereas it changes dramatically near grazing incidences.     

A single-layer tuneable microwave absorber using an active FSS

An experimental single-layer active microwave absorber in described. The absorber is a planar structure based upon the topology of a Salisbury screen, but in which the conventional resistive layer is replaced by an active frequency selective surface (FSS) controlled by pin diodes. The resulting structure has superior reflectivity-bandwidth characteristics compared to conventional passive absorbers of corresponding thickness. Measured data are presented and show that the reflectivity response of the absorber can be controlled over the frequency band from 9 to 13 GHz.     

基于VO2圆环结构的温控宽带超材料吸波器

设计了一种基于不同半径的二氧化钒（VO₂）圆环加载于介质层上的宽带可调超材料吸波器,利用VO₂随温度变化的相变特性,实现了外部温度对吸收曲线的动态调节.通过仿真计算表明,该吸波器在外部温度为350K时在8.09~11.23THz带宽范围内吸收率可达90%以上,表现出高吸收特性;而外部温度为300K时在相同频段内吸收率始终低于20%,从而实现了对电磁波吸收的可调功能.进一步对吸波器的等效阻抗和电场分布进行分析讨论,阐明VO₂对吸收性能的调节机制.此外,文章讨论了结构参数、偏振角以及入射角对吸收的影响.其结果表明,合理选择结构参数可实现吸收性能与偏振角、入射角的无关性.本文的结论对于设计其它类型的超宽带可调吸波器具有重要的指导意义.     

Fundamental investigation on a weakly magnetized ferrite absorber

Investigated are the matching characteristics of a magnetized ferrite absorber, which applies a weakly static magnetic field H_dc perpendicular to the sintered ferrite surface. Applying a static magnetic field to the ferrite enables the matching thickness of the absorber to be reduced from 8 mm in the absence of H_dc to 3 mm under 750 gauss. The matching frequency can also be changed broadly from 0.1 to 0.9 GHz by controlling ferrite thickness and H_dc, simultaneously. These are well explained in terns of an nonsaturated permeability rather than tensor permeability. A thin magnetized ferrite absorber is realized using a ferrite with a large value of imaginary part of permeability when real part takes the value near 1.0. Matching frequency characteristics, whether broad or narrow, correlates closely with the slant of the curve for real part of permeability taking the value near 1.0 in the present frequency     

基于超材料完全吸收器的低RCS微带天线

为降低微带天线雷达散射截面(RCS),提出了一种基于超材料完全吸收器的微带天线。通过电磁场仿真软件设计了一种和微带天线工作频带匹配的圆环宽频带超材料吸收器,并将其加载在传统微带天线上制作成基于超材料完全吸收器的微带天线。实验结果表明,保持天线辐射性能不变的情况下,超材料吸收器可以有效减小天线RCS,其中,正面0°方向的RCS值最大缩减达到了-15.8 dB。     

A low-frequency model for wedge or pyramid absorber arrays-I:theory

The interaction of electromagnetic waves with an array of absorbing wedges or pyramid cones is studied in the low-frequency limit; i.e., when the period of the array is small compared with wavelength. A theoretical model is obtained using the method of homogenization, which replaces the transversely periodic structure with a transversely uniform medium possessing a certain (generally anisotropic) effective permittivity and permeability. Plane-wave reflection from such structures can then be modeled using well-known techniques for one-dimensionally inhomogeneous media; a Riccati equation for the reflection coefficient is used in this work. This model is appropriate for use with absorbers found in anechoic chambers used for electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference (EMC/EMI) measurements over the frequency range of 30-1000 MHz     

基于石墨烯的太赫兹透明吸波器设计

透明太赫兹吸波器既可在太赫兹波段实现吸波功能,又对可见光透明,隐蔽性高,因此其在电磁隐形等领域具有广泛应用。文中设计了一种基于石墨烯的太赫兹双频吸波器,它由方形加枝节的石墨烯上层宽带吸波结构和石墨烯-ITO 嵌套形下层窄带吸收结构构成,实现了独立可调的双频吸波功能。经仿真调试,该吸波器能够通过改变石墨烯费米能,分别在1.98~3.64 THz 范围内调节实现90%以上宽频带吸收率和在4.6~4.9 THz 范围内调节实现96%以上吸收率。经验证,该吸波器具有极化不敏感、宽入射范围等优点。     

Transient Analysis of the Electromagnetic Field for a Wave Absorber in Three-Dimensional Space

In recent years, large-scale structures such as tall buildings, large bridges, and towers cause severe reflection and diffraction in the propagation of electromagnetic waves. The most effective means for improvement of these characteristics is coating an electromagnetic wave absorber on the surfaces of structures. At the present time, determination of the performance of a coating and the estimation of its effects are carried out on a practical basis. Beforehand, however, theoretical clarification of absorbing characteristics is necessary for better design of a structure. This analysis demands the unified treatment involving both characteristics of absorber materials and the shapes in three-dimensional space of structures to which they are applied. Also, the analysis of propagation characteristics of a pulse wave in the time domain will be important. In this paper, we report the fundamental treatment of absorbing characteristics, including boundary conditions of the structure. The method of time-domain analysis in three-dimensional space and time is used. This method is formulated by Bergeron's method and based upon the equivalent circuit of both Maxwell's equation and characteristics of the medium. As an example, the performance of a very thin coating of absorber with magnetic loss is presented. The variations of field distribution for changes of magnetic-loss term including permeability and the frequency of incident wave, are shown. The absorbing characteristics for a pulse wave in the time domain are also given as a parameter of incidence angle.