Perspectives on multi-benefit water reuse systems: A confluence of water and wastewater management planning

The multiple benefits of water reuse have yet to be fully realized in our urban water management systems. One pathway to optimal implementation is to plan for their integration with wider assets in water resource or drainage and wastewater management plans. This paper explores the perspectives of water resource and wastewater management planners. Qualitative data was gathered from a workshop organized by the Chartered Institution for Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM) with 25 participants from England's Water Service Providers (WSPs), regulators (Ofwat and the Environment Agency) and consultants working within the UK water sector. The participants acknowledged that water reuse is relevant to both water resource and drainage and wastewater management planning, but that current regulatory and funding frameworks are constraining effective engagement between water resource and drainage and wastewater management planners by encouraging the development of separate plans. A general consensus of the participants was that it would be beneficial to include water reuse technology within current and future Water Resource Management Plans (WRMPs) and Drainage and Wastewater Management Plans (DWMPs). Participants suggested this could be developed through collaborative working partnerships and support from regulatory and funding frameworks that allow for the growth and development of innovative technologies and nature-based solutions. Participants also highlighted a stronger economic case could be made for water reuse technologies if the approach seeks to capture the wider benefits and not only the ‘best value’ solution. Societal acceptance and the availability of good quality data will be key to the successful adoption of any incentivized water reuse schemes.     

试论太原市实施污水回用的必要性

分析了太原市水资源短缺的状况及节约水资源的基本途径，提出了缓解太原市水资源紧张局面，节约新鲜水资源的一种方法——污水回用，阐述了污水资源化利用的可行性。     

含油废水再生利用处理工艺研究

对不同含油废水的常用处理方法作了简单介绍,研究了中国石化山东炼油厂对含油污水的处理工艺,对反渗透后产生的浓水回用作了探讨,并提出了今后对含油废水处理技术的一些建议与展望.     

城市中水回用的探讨

分析了对国内及山西省中水回用的使用情况，介绍了城市中水回用的有关措施，进一步说明了在我国采用污水处理、中水回用是解决城市水资源紧张问题的行之有效的途径。     

Evaluation of the effects of greywater reuse on domestic wastewater quality and quantity

This simulation study, based on experimental and literature data, evaluates the influence of onsite greywater reuse on domestic wastewater quality and quantity. For this, three scenarios were studied: no reuse; reuse for toilet flushing; reuse for toilet flushing and garden irrigation. Light greywater reuse reduced the daily household wastewater flows by 25–40%. These reductions mainly occurred during the morning and evening peak wastewater generation. Although daily loads of all pollutants decreased, their concentrations in the discharged wastewater increased owing to exclusion of potable water from the wastewater and replacing it by treated light greywater. The proportional concentration increase of most pollutants was lower than the decrease in wastewater discharge, due to degradation during treatment. The highest concentration increase occurred during the morning peak, coinciding with the highest flow reduction. This study is a first step towards quantification of the effects of onsite greywater reuse on sewers and wastewater treatment plants.     

污水再生利用双膜法工艺浓水水质分析

分别对某生活污水处理厂及进水含有工业废水的混合污水处理厂的双膜工艺(CMF+RO)浓水水质进行了调查,结果表明:混合污水处理厂双膜工艺浓水中TDS、Mg2+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO42-、CODCr、TOC、BOD5、TP、NH3-N、TN均高于生活污水处理厂。对浓水中有机物组分的GC-MS分析表明,两个污水处理厂双膜工艺浓水中残存的有机物均属于难生物降解物质,以酚类和酯类为主,且混合污水处理厂双膜工艺浓水中残留有机物的组成较复杂。     

城市污水回用深度处理方法及其研究进展

介绍了城市污水回用深度处理的概念,总结了几种常见的城市污水回用深度处理方法,对它们的原理和特点进行了简单概述,并阐述了近年来这些深度处理方法的研究进展,从而使城市污水作为新的资源得以循环利用,提高了城市资源的利用率。     

浅析中水回用在天津地区水资源利用中的作用

结合国内外污水处理市场发展趋势,分析了天津地区开展中水回用工程建设的可行性,简要介绍了中水的概念及中水回用工艺等内容,针对天津地区中水发展现状进行了探讨,指出了存在的问题,以期提高人们的中水回用意识,促进中水事业的发展。     

浅谈膜生物反应器技术在中水回用中的应用

指出膜生物反应器水处理技术是中水回用技术中的一种生物技术与膜技术相结合的高效水处理技术,重点介绍了膜生物反应器的结构、特点以及该技术的市场前景,对改善环境,缓解水资源短缺起着重要的作用。     

天津港含油污水处理系统运行现状及改造设计

结合天津港南疆污水处理中心含油污水处理系统的现状,详细介绍了系统采用的工艺、处理效果以及设施的使用现状,分析了现有含油污水处理系统的缺陷,并对含油污水处理系统的改造完善工程技术路线进行了简介.     

微滤膜用于污水回用处理的试验研究

采用中空纤维微滤膜对中水站出水进行了深度处理试验研究.试验结果表明,经过微滤膜过滤后,出水浊度小于1 NTU,对CODCr的去除率为30%左右,出水中未检出大肠杆菌,但对NH3-N的去除效果不佳.对膜污染过程研究发现,微滤膜在进行水力反冲洗后,跨膜压差增加会很快,这时需对膜进行化学反冲洗,并且根据处理原水情况选择化学反冲洗药剂.     

A/O-MBR处理生活污水回用的试验研究

采用缺氧-好氧一体式膜生物反应器(A/O-MBR)对生活污水处理回用进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,该系统具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,膜分离截留对COD的去除起到了决定性作用,生物膜对NH3-N的去除占主要作用.系统出水无色无味,COD、NH3-N的浓度分别为14.82和0.45 mg/L,出水水质优于城市杂用水水质标准(GB/T 18920-2002)和河道景观环境用水水质标准(GB/T 18921-2002).     

自来水厂生产废水回用控制方法

针对自来水厂生产废水回用的管理控制方法进行了讨论,分析了回用水浊度对原水水质的影响、回用水比例的控制调整以及回用水存在的风险,并提出了不同条件下回用水的管理控制方法。结果表明,控制回用水比例为10％,回用水浊度控制在20NTU以内,在相同原水水质、水量条件下,生产药剂单耗平均下降1～2mg／L。     

生态园区污水再生利用工程

结合具体工程实例,对生态园区污水的特点进行了研究,分析了以生物转盘（RBC）为主的污水生物处理工艺,以及污泥在沼气池内进行常温厌氧消化的城市污水再生利用工程,得出了该处理设施出水水质已达到标准要求的结论,从而推广该污水处理工艺。     

Planning an urban wastewater system with centralised greywater reuse: a case in Beijing

This paper presents a proposed centralised greywater reuse (CGR) system for Daxing New City, Beijing. This system would use separate greywater and blackwater discharge pipes in residences and public buildings. Greywater would be treated in a centralised plant and reused for public purposes. Water supply–demand balance analysis showed that this system would conserve 28.5% of freshwater resources. A centralised wastewater reuse system that would conserve the same water resources and serve the same consumers was developed for comparison. The greywater reuse system would cost 1.2% more than the reference system, but would decrease the pollution load by 10% and improve the water-quality compliance of the Xinfeng River (total phosphorous: 24–42%, total nitrogen: 0–7%). The proposed CGR system exhibited acceptable water conservation, environmental impact, and construction and operation costs, and would thus be suitable in urbanising areas that face water shortages and aqueous environmental deterioration.     

Successful wastewater reuse scheme and sustainable development: a case study in Adelaide

Freshwater availability to meet the growing needs of humankind has raised serious concerns in the recent past. Two immediate responses to counter this challenge are efficient allocation of the scarce resources, and development and use of alternative sources of water. While ‘water markets’ are seen as a means to achieve efficient allocation of the scare resources, treated wastewater and low‐quality water are now considered as potential sources of water to supplement the freshwater supplies. However, the latter option, that is use of reclaimed water as an alternative, imposes concerns regarding its suitability to sustain development. This is because of various issues related to wastewater usage and application. At the same time, it is also true that a successful and well‐planned reuse scheme can help achieve sustainability as evidenced in some isolated cases around the world. In line with this, the current paper adopts a case‐study approach to demonstrate how a successful reuse scheme in Adelaide, South Australia, has contributed to the sustainable development of the region. The paper looks into the socio‐economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability and arrives at a conclusion that properly planned and managed reuse schemes backed with effective regulatory and policy measures can lead to sustainable development.     

高殿水厂传统陶瓷滤砖滤池工艺的新技术改造

介绍了高殿水厂3号滤池的工程概况及HDPE滤砖的工艺,比较了原有陶瓷滤砖滤池和HDPE滤砖滤池,对改造前后的参数测定进行了详细探讨,分析了其经济效果,以推广该工艺改造技术。     

谈江南大学中水回用技术

通过对目前水资源状况的调查,结合高校用水量大的特点,对江南大学中水回用技术展开了研究,同时为中水技术的进一步实施提出了几点建议,以实现我国水资源的充分利用,促进经济的循环发展。     

居住小区中水回用探讨

结合目前水资源紧缺的现状,介绍了建筑小区污水处理的设计原则和工艺流程,并以某居住小区为例,进行了污水处理和中水工艺的方案设计,旨为今后居住小区中水系统的建设奠定基础。     

浅谈居住小区中水系统选择

对建筑小区中水水源的选择、水量及水质等作了阐述,就中水系统的选择和组合作了简要的叙述,并对中水系统的发展意义与发展趋势进行了探讨,同时指出采用中水系统后,对社会和环境效益的深远影响是无法估量的。