电介质/金属型红外空芯波导的传输特性和结构设计

由普通空芯波导的模式结构和传输性质出发，讨论了电介质/金属型空芯波导的传输特性，分析了HE11模在红外波段的低损耗传输条件。并在此基础上设计了电介质/金属型空芯波导的最佳结构，对膜系的选择也提供了明确的指导。     

掺杂和碳包覆对锂离子电池负极材料Li_4Ti_5O_(12)性能的影响

采用固相法首次合成了碳包覆的掺杂不同金属离子的锂离子电池负极材料Li3.9M0.1Ti5O12/C(M=Mn、Cu、Mg),对材料进行了循环伏安测试及恒电流充放电测试。结果表明:金属掺杂未改变材料的晶体尖晶石结构,由于金属离子对Li4Ti5O12的晶胞内部的掺杂和C对其外部的包覆,使复合材料的锂离子扩散速率、大电流循环稳定性和可逆容量都明显提高。在1C充放电循环时,Li3.9Mn0.1Ti5O12/C、Li3.9Cu0.1Ti5O12/C、Li3.9Mg0.1Ti5O12/C首次放电容量分别达到156.6,162.4和169.8 mAh/g;50次循环后,容量分别保持在155.4,159.6和169.7 mAh/g,展示了优良的电化学特性。     

Study on Effects of Different Metallic Vane-Loaded Helix Slow-Wave Structures in Traveling-Wave Tubes

The effects of different metallic vane-loaded helix slow-wave structures of a traveling-wave tube are proposed based on the analysis of the Fourier expansions of the exterior region with metallic vanes. The influences of the metallic vanes dimensions on the phase velocity and interaction impedance are considered in detail. The computed data is compared with the reference data in the 0−16 GHz frequency range with a good consistency. The analytical results reveal that the method of using Fourier expansions can contribute effectively to the reducing of the error between the theoretical and experimented data (around 1.2%). By analyzing the computed results, the performances of the helix slow-wave structure, with T-shaped metallic vanes are superior to the sector-shaped with the same designed parameters. Adjustments can be made to the outer radius of T-shaped metallic vanes which then control the dispersion relation showing either negative or positive, and it is similar to sector-shaped vanes by adjusting its inner radius. And with increasing the distance between the helix and metallic vanes, the dispersion characteristics and interaction impedance of the helix slow-wave structure with T-shaped/sector-shaped metallic vane are all improved.     

Scattering from an infinite cylinder of small radius embedded intoa dielectric one

In this paper the scattering from an infinite metallic or dielectric cylinder of electrically small radius, embedded into a dielectric cylinder, is considered. The problem is solved by the method of separation of variables, in conjunction with translational addition theorems. Analytical expressions are obtained for the scattered field and the various scattering cross-sections, when the radius of the inner cylinder is electrically small. Both polarizations are considered for normal incidence. Numerical results are given for various values of the parameters and for metallic or dielectric inner cylinder     

一种新型的双L 型基片集成同轴互连阵列

基片集成同轴线(Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line,SICL)是一种由基板上下导体板、内导体和金属化过孔阵列构成的集成波导结构,具有低损耗、宽频带、抗干扰、易于集成等优点。本文在基片集成同轴线的基础上提出了一种新型的双L型基片集成同轴互连阵列结构。首先通过仿真将它与传统的微带线和带状线进行了对比,结果表明该结构在损耗、反射以及隔离度方面均表现出优良的特性。然后采用低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)工艺实现该结构,并通过实验测试了该样品的S参数、隔离性能、眼图及误码率。实验结果表明,在1~40GHz的频率范围内,双L型基片集成同轴互连阵列的耦合度在-40 d B以下,传输速率可达到30 Gbps,具有高速数据传输能力。     

Wideband Pulse Responses of Metallic Rectangular Multistage Cascaded Enclosures Illuminated by an EMP

A generalized mathematical procedure is developed for investigating shielding performance and inner wideband pulse responses of metallic rectangular multistage cascaded enclosures with multiple rectangular apertures, which is illuminated by an electromagnetic pulse (EMP). The mathematical methodology is based on the integral equation technique combined with the method of moments, by which all unknown aperture fields are solved according to a set of linear algebraic equations of infinite order. Numerical computations are performed to show frequency- and geometry-dependent shielding effectiveness and inner pulse waveforms of single- and double-stage cascaded enclosures, respectively, with computational accuracy and convergence rate also checked. It is found that using appropriate metallic multistage cascaded enclosures, high shielding performance can be achieved, which can provide an effective protection for certain electronic and communication systems from the interference of an EMP.      

Scattering from a sphere of small radius embedded into a dielectricone

In this paper, the scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave from a metallic or dielectric sphere of electrically small radius, embedded into a dielectric one, is considered. The classical method of separation of variables is used, combined with translational addition theorems for spherical vector wave functions. Analytical expressions are obtained for the scattered field and the various scattering cross-sections, in the case of an inner sphere with electrically small radius. Numerical results are given for various values of the parameters and for metallic and dielectric inner sphere. Some remarks are made about the possibility of detection or identification of inhomogeneities or nonsymmetries     

Simulation of Field Emission Micro-Triode Based on Coaxial Nanostructure

A micro-triode structure based on coaxial nanostructure made of an inner carbon nanotube emitter, insulator layer, coaxial metallic outer conductor as a gate, and separated anode is suggested. According to the Fowler-Nordheim equation, its electron emission performance was evaluated via MAGIC code simulation. Contours of the electrostatic potential variable around the emitter, emission electron trajectories, and gate interceptive current were analyzed. A circuit model was proposed for the triode, while the DC and the THz range AC characteristics were simulated, which indicates the ability of the device to perform in the THz frequency range.     

金属衬底多层薄膜结构反射特性研究

通过计算多层薄膜结构的特征矩阵,应用微波网络的思想导出了金属背景多层薄膜结构反射系数的计算方法,并举例验证了该计算方法的正确性,为金属背景多层薄膜结构电磁散射的近似计算提供了理论基础.     

Design of planar RFID tag antenna for metallic objects

Proposed is a novel RFID tag antenna consisting of an inner spiral dipole, an outer bent dipole and a double T-matching network that is suitable for attaching to metallic objects. For low-cost fabrication, the antenna is printed on a single-layer substrate without a ground plane or shorting pins. The detailed design parameters of the antenna were optimised using the Pareto genetic algorithm so that the antenna would operate adequately both in fiee space and on metallic objects. The antenna was fabricated, based on the optimised design, and the performance in fiee space and on a metallic surface were measured. The half-power matching bandwidth (VSWR < 5.8) and the reading range of the antenna in fiee space were 7.6% and 2.8 m, while on a metallic surface the corresponding values were 0.8% and 1.8 m. For non-metallic surfaces (i.e. low dielectric targets, 2 < epsiv_r < 4), the antenna exhibited the reading range of 2-3 m.     

延长金属陶瓷电子管使用寿命浅谈

通过对电子管电视发射机中常用金属陶瓷电子管内部结构和各个电极作用的简要介绍，着重在如何能够延长金属陶瓷电子管的使用寿命方面做了详细阐述，并提出了电子管在日常维护、保养、使用当中应注意的问题。     

金属薄膜附着性的改进

根据薄膜附着机理,综述了影响金属薄膜附着性的因素。通过引入中间过渡层,减少应力来提高薄膜与衬底之间的结合强度,改善金属薄膜的性能。适当的热处理不仅能消除内应力,增强界面反应,而且对薄膜的性能有一定的影响。     

Structure study of a metallic glass using positron annihilation methods

The effects of vitrification and cold rolling on the structure in a metallic glass of Pd_.775Cu_.06Si_.165 alloy and crystalline Pd have been investigated using positron lifetime and angular correlation measurements. It is concluded that: A) the metallic glass contains a negligible concentration of vacancy-like defects and the crystallite model may be excluded as a possible structure of metallic glasses, B) the glass-crystalline boundaries contain a very small fraction of vacancy-like defects and exhibit a smooth transition structure from glassy to crystalline regions, C) the cold rolling of the metallic glass induces no vacancy or dislocation-like defects and plastic flow in metallic glasses is accompanied by cooperative atomic regroupings somewhat analogous to the visco flow of glasses near the glass transition temperature, D) the electronic structure of the Pd-Cu-Si alloy alters little upon disordering from a crystalline to glassy state, but exhibits a large change from that of crystalline Pd. This is attributed to the valence electrons transferred from Si to the d-shell of Pd in the Pd-Cu-Si alloy.     

Conformal-mapping design tools for coaxial couplers with complex cross section

Numerical conformal mapping is exploited as a simple, accurate, and efficient tool for the analysis and design of coaxial waveguides and couplers of complex cross section. An implementation based on the Schwarz-Christoffel Toolbox, a public-domain MATLAB package, is applied to slotted coaxial cables and to symmetrical coaxial couplers, with circular or polygonal inner conductors and external shields. The effect of metallic diaphragms of arbitrary thickness, partially separating the inner conductors, is also easily taken into account. The proposed technique is validated against the results of the finite-element method, showing excellent agreement at a fraction of the computational cost, and is also extended to the case of nonsymmetrical couplers, providing the designer with important additional degrees of freedom.     

金属表面超高频RFID印刷标签天线设计

为满足对金属表面物体智能识读的应用需求,设计了一款可用于金属表面的超高频RFID电子标签天线,使用时将标签贴合在厚度仅为5mm的泡沫介质上,然后置于金属表面,利用金属表面作为自身反射板增加了天线的读取距离。整个天线的面积大小为95mm×45mm,标签的最远读取距离可达4．5m。同时由于表面印刷结构的采用,使得整个标签成本低廉、易于批量生产。     

A new method developed in measuring the dielectric constants of metallic nanoparticles by a microwave double-cavity dielectric resonator

A microwave double dielectric resonator is implemented to measure the dielectric constants of nano-metallic powders. The metallic nanoparticles prepared by vacuum evaporation in inert gas are collected and mixed with alumina powder to fill the inner hole of a sapphire disc by which the resonant frequency and Q factor are measured at the TE/sub 011/ mode to derive the complex dielectric constant.     

Linear analysis of cyclotron-cherenkov and cherenkov instabilities in dielectric-loaded coaxial waveguides

We present, based on the cold fluid theory, linear analysis of the Cherenkov and cyclotron-Cherenkov instabilities which are driven when a linear electron beam is injected into a dielectric-loaded waveguide immersed in an axial magnetic field. In the analysis we consider azimuthally symmetric TM_0n modes. We derive dispersion relations for three types of waveguide, and compare computationally obtained linear growth rates of both instabilities. For the type A, which consists of a metallic cylinder with dielectric liner on its inner surface, the growth rate of the Cherenkov instability is larger than that of the cyclotron-Cherenkov instability. For the type B, which consists of a dielectric core and an outer metallic cylinder, both growth rates are comparable. And for the type C, which consists of a metallic core with dielectric liner on its surface and an outer metallic cylinder, the growth rate of the latter instability is higher than that of the former instability. Finally, for the type C, obtained are dependences of the oscillation frequency and the growth rates of both instabilities on the following parameters: the beam energy, the beam current, the axial magnetic field, the dielectric constant, and the thickness of the dielectric.     

Efficient calculation of the band structure of artificial materials with cylindrical metallic inclusions

We present a new hybrid method that makes the calculation of the band structure of artificial materials with cylindrical metallic inclusions very efficient. We derive an auxiliary problem whose band structure is that of the metallic crystal along with several dispersionless bands. The eigenfunctions of the auxiliary problem have continuous derivatives up to order 2. Thus, the spectrum of the auxiliary problem can be efficiently computed using the plane-wave method. The band structure of the metallic crystal is then obtained by extracting from the computed results the dispersionless bands.     

An Experimental Study on Cyclotron–Cherenkov Radiation

We searched numerically dielectric-loaded cylindrical waveguide configurations with an injected electron beam in which the growth rate of the cyclotron-Cherenkov instability surpassed that of the Cherenkov instability, and found such a configuration. This configuration consists of a metallic core and an outer metallic cylinder with a dielectric liner on the inner surface. In order to investigate experimentally radiation due to the cyclotron-Cherenkov instability, we designed and assembled an experimental device using the computational results. We studied beam propagation in the dielectric-loaded coaxial waveguide and microwave radiation due to the cyclotron-Cherenkov instability and the Cherenkov instability.     

Transmission characteristics of dielectric-coated metallic waveguide for infrared transmission: Slab waveguide model

A metallic hollow waveguide with inner dielectric multilayers is proposed for the transmission of infrared light and its basic transmission characteristics are fully analyzed by using a two-dimensional slab waveguide model. The power loss in the waveguide is shown to be extremely reduced by coating dielectric layers properly. Simple loss formulas are also presented which consider absorptions of dielectric materials, and minimum possible losses are theoretically estimated. Finally, relations to bending losses in the waveguide are discussed.