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XLPE电缆绝缘中水树的形成机理和抑制方法分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
叙述了交联聚乙烯电缆中的水树对中高压XLPE电缆的危害性;介绍了水树的本质、水树生长特性,引发水树的电-机械理论和化学反应理论;分析了影响水树生长的因素和国内外抗水树电缆料的研究情况。 相似文献
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热老化对交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中水树的影响研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
热老化过程不但会影响交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘的电磁学和物理化学性能,还对绝缘内水树的产生与生长有着一定的影响。通过研究热老化过程对XLPE电缆绝缘中的水树现象的影响,以及在几个有可能的影响因素当中,哪个因素对水树现象的影响最大。实验结果表明,在与XLPE电缆绝缘的热老化有关的各种因素对水树现象的影响中,热氧化对XLPE电缆绝缘表层水树的产生和生长的影响最大。尽管热氧化所引起的缺陷有可能就是XLPE电缆绝缘中水树生长过程中的起始点,但是它在一定程度上抑制着水树的成长,甚至有着"水树延迟效果"的美称。 相似文献
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为了研究低温条件下水树的生长特性,研究了XLPE薄片样本在0℃下不同老化时期的水树生长速率变化。在XLPE薄片样本中制造针孔缺陷,之后将样本分为3组,并对其在0℃下分别进行为期14 d、21 d、28 d的加速水树老化。利用光学显微镜观测样本中的水树微观形貌和水树长度,并结合电场仿真分析水树在低温下生长速率变化原因。实验结果表明,在低温条件下,样本中的水树明显呈枝状。此外,水树生长速率随着老化时间的增加逐渐增加。电场仿真结果表明,水树长度越长,水树尖端的电场越强。根据水树生长的电机械老化理论,电场越大,水树尖端处的XLPE分子链受到的麦克斯韦应力越大,分子链越容易发生疲劳断裂,导致水树生长速率越大。 相似文献
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配电网中中压电缆的敷设条件相对较差,在环境水分和工作电压等因素的共同作用下容易在绝缘中生成水树缺陷,影响电缆绝缘的性能。时域反射法(TDR)可用于检测电缆故障,近来也有研究将其用于检测电缆绝缘局部缺陷,但检测结果与绝缘缺陷情况的关联尚不明晰。针对此问题,该文基于等效电路原理推导了同轴绝缘含水树缺陷时的等效介电常数,在此基础上结合传输线理论建立计及双界面反射的时域解析模型,可用于分析与预测电缆绝缘局部存在水树缺陷时TDR实验的反射波形。通过制作含模拟水树的电缆试样并进行TDR实验,考察了模拟水树缺陷的含水量、缺陷段长度和电导率等因素对TDR实验结果的影响。结果显示,模拟水树的TDR实验结果与解析模型的计算结果具有较好的对应性,初步验证了该模型用于分析与预测电缆绝缘局部缺陷反射特性的有效性。预期该解析模型有助于为TDR在电缆绝缘水树检测中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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针对加速XLPE电缆绝缘水树老化过程中发现的绝缘自愈现象,对水树生长和绝缘自愈性机理进行了分析讨论。利用水针电极法对XLPE电缆绝缘进行加速水树老化,样本介质损耗因数随老化时间推移而增大,但一旦停止施加电压,介质损耗又会逐渐恢复到较低水平,出现了自愈现象。通过建立由一系列充水微孔和微观通道连接而成的水树模型,进行电场有限元计算,发现当水树通道打开时水树尖端电场畸变严重,由此产生的扩张能量使绝缘疲劳断裂,水树生长,介质损耗增加;停止施加电压后,水树通道内出现弹性恢复使水分被挤出,通道逐渐关闭,水树区变成孤立的充水微孔,绝缘自愈。再次施加电压后,充水微孔端部和关闭的水树通道内电场显著提升,水树通道逐步打开。研究表明,水树的自愈和水树通道的打开是一个逐步的过程,需要一定的时间,主要决定于施加的电场大小和绝缘的屈服强度。 相似文献
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交联聚乙烯电缆中水树研究的现状 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在14篇文献的基础上综述了交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆中水树研究现状,介绍了水树的定义、分类、特征及在水树产生和发展过程中的一些影响因素及抑制方法等,并且对水树研究中提出的新机理等做了简要的概括。 相似文献
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《高电压技术》2015,(8)
To evaluate the effect of using siloxane liquid to rejuvenate water tree defects in cross-linked polyethylene(XLPE)cables,we investigated the electrical properties and micro-structures of water-tree aged XLPE cables after siloxane liquid injection treatment.The water-tree aged samples were prepared by performing accelerated aging experiment using water-needle electrodes,and the siloxane liquid is injected into the aged cable through a pressurized injection system.Dielectric loss factors of the samples before and after the rejuvenation were compared.The water trees and the internal filler were observed using scanning electron microscope(SEM).Electrical properties of the reactants are measured.Electric field simulation is conducted to verify the rejuvenation effect by finite element method.The results show that the siloxane liquid diffused into the insulation layer in a short time and reacted with water in the water trees.The electrical properties of the formed organic filler are in accord with that of XLPE.Therefore,the action between siloxane and water can inhibit the growth of water trees and reduce electric field distortion of the water tree areas.As a result,insulation performance of the cable is enhanced.A 70 m long cable was aged and rejuvenated in laboratory and an on-site rejuvenation experiment was conducted,and in both cases the dielectric loss factor and leakage current halved after rejuvenation. 相似文献
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Most electric utilities have old cable in their underground distribution systems that is particularly prone to water-tree damage. System reliability, and its impact on customer satisfaction, is perhaps the top concern faced by electric utilities preparing for an era of competition. Utilities with aged cable and limited budgets need to consider all types of solutions short of wholesale replacement. Here, the authors describe how a US utility has used CableCURE fluid, a dielectric enhancement technology that restores water-damaged stranded cable, to overcome such concerns 相似文献
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Suzuki H. Mukai S. Ohki Y. Nakamichi Y. Ajiki K. 《Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, IEEE Transactions on》1997,4(2):238-240
Breakdown characteristics have been investigated for low-density polyethylene immersed in silicone oil by applying power-frequency ac voltages with high-frequency components, which are simulated output voltages of a pulse-width-modulation inverter. It was found that the breakdown voltage decreases as the high-frequency component increases. However, the number of zero-crossings of the applied voltage, which is very influential in water-tree growth, does not seem to play an important role in the dielectric breakdown process 相似文献
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Suzuki H. Mukai S. Ohki Y. Nakamichi Y. Ajiki K. 《Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, IEEE Transactions on》1998,5(2):256-260
Water tree characteristics have been investigated for low-density polyethylene by applying power-frequency ac voltages with high-frequency components, which are simulated output voltages of a pulse-width-modulation inverter. If we compare the water-tree length among single-frequency voltages, the water tree grows faster if the frequency is higher. However, if we superpose a power-frequency voltage on the high-frequency voltage, tree growth is suppressed. The tree length becomes shorter if the superposed power-frequency voltage is higher. This surprising result is explainable by considering that the zero-crossing of the applied voltage plays an important role in tree propagation 相似文献
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通过对高压交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆进行直流耐压、0.1Hz超低频耐压、工频谐振以及调频串联谐振耐压等试验方法的分析比较,指出直流耐压对交联聚乙烯电缆的危害;超低频试验能有效发现电缆的水树故障;串联谐振的等效性最好;调频揩振试验方法等效性较好,设备轻便,试品长度的范围几乎不受限制。针对高压交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆耐压试验方法提出了建议。 相似文献
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介绍一种额定电压66 kV抗水树XLPE绝缘轻型海底电缆的研制方法。通过对模型电缆进行工频电压和雷电冲击电压击穿性能测试,按照CIGRE TB 722:2018规范对研制样品进行500 Hz/3000 h、50 Hz/8750 h、50 Hz/17500 h 3种湿式绝缘质量鉴定试验,按照CIGRE TB 490:2012和CIGRE TB 623:2015规范对研制产品进行型式试验,试验结果完全满足设计规范要求。在未来的深远海、大功率海上风机互联阵列海缆选型中,66 kV抗水树XLPE绝缘轻型海底电缆可以完美替代35 kV XLPE绝缘海底电缆。 相似文献
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为了提高电力系统运行的可靠性,实现电缆绝缘的在线监测以替代传统的停电定期检修是其发展的必然趋势。已有的在线监测方法都有一定的局限性,因此在已有研究的基础上提出结合信号注入法和介质损耗法的低频介损在线监测方法,并分别通过仿真和实验对其原理和效果进行了研究。仿真部分包括热老化和水树老化2种老化方式电缆绝缘的监测,以及考虑噪声、低频频率波动和谐波对仿真结果的影响。实验部分包括分别制作热老化和水树老化电缆样本,设计实验电路对仿真结果进行验证。最后通过样本微观测试,对实验原理进行机理分析。仿真和实验结果表明,对于不同类型的老化电缆,以及绝缘的不同故障,都可以通过注入低频信号响应的低频介损判断电缆老化程度。 相似文献