Development of a real-time radiological area monitoring network for emergency response at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

A real-time radiological sensor network for emergency response was developed and deployed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The real-time radiological area monitoring (RTRAM) network comprises 16 Geiger-Mueller sensors positioned on the LLNL Livermore site perimeter to continuously monitor for a radiological condition resulting from a terrorist threat to site security and the health and safety of LLNL personnel. The RTRAM network sensor locations coincide with wind sector directions to provide thorough coverage of the one-square-mile site. These low-power sensors are supported by a central command center (CCC) and transmit measurement data back to the CCC computer through the LLNL telecommunications infrastructure. Alarm conditions are identified by comparing current data with predetermined threshold parameters and are validated by comparison with plausible dispersion modeling scenarios and prevailing meteorological conditions. Emergency response personnel are notified of alarm conditions by automatic radio- and computer-based notifications. A secure intranet provides emergency response personnel with current condition assessment data that enable them to direct field response efforts remotely. The RTRAM network has proven to be a reliable system since initial deployment in August 2001, and it maintains stability during inclement weather conditions.     

我国第三代移动通信的标准化工作

一、前言第三代移动通信(3G)从概念的提出,到今天逐渐步入实用化,期间走过了漫长曲折的道路。在错综复杂的环境下,我国政府在3G发展上采取了十分稳健的政策,保持了我国通信产业高速稳定的增长,并首次提出了具有自主知识产权的TD-SCDMA技术,具有重要的示范作用。中国通信标准化协会(CCSA)下设的无线通信标准技术委员会(CWTS),致力于我国无线通信标准的研究和推广。为了满足我国移动通信的运营、研发和制造以及政府管制的需要,及时制订了大量的行业标准、技术规范、参考性技术文件和研究报告,并针对第三代伙伴计划(3GPP)的系统提出了…     

Comparison of two JAERI phantoms and the problems discovered

During the course of an intercomparison exercise it was possible to compare two JAERI phantoms with each other by using a multi-energy photon emitting lung set (241Am/152Eu). One belonged to the IAEA (Vienna), the other belonged to the Human Monitoring Laboratory (Ottawa). The intercomparison of the phantoms showed that they were statistically distinct from each other, although the differences were small. The counting efficiencies varied from each other by about 4% at 17 keV and 2% at photon energies above 17 keV. It was concluded that these difference were either due to small variations of chest wall thickness during the manufacturing process or positioning errors. The intercomparison also revealed a serious problem with one of the overlay plates of the HML's phantom. The adipose mass fraction of the overlay plate was found to be much greater (approximately 40%) than the manufacturer's stated value (10%).     

热切期望在新加坡的会面——冯淑贤主席对第一届二次会议的贺辞

尊敬的各国来宾，女士们、先生们： 非常高兴亚洲防伪协会第一届二次多国分会会长国际会议于2006年7月20日在新加坡召开。为促进防伪技术的应用与发展，防伪技术成果展览也将同期举行。     

Dynamics of the 1st order phase transition between U2D2 and high field phases of 3He

No Heading Dynamics of the 1st order phase transition between the U2D2 and the high field phases (HFP) of nuclear ordered solid ³He was studied by field-cycling method between the two phases. Single crystals of U2D2 ³He were grown at the bottom of the compressional cell in superfluid ³He-B at about 0.5 mK. The domain distribution in the U2D2 crystal was determined by ULT-MRI (Ultra Low Temperature – Magnetic Resonance Imaging)¹. We have measured evolution of the HFP after the static magnetic field was suddenly changed to B = B_C1 + B through the lower critical field B_C1. The HFP developed exponentially in time and showed two stage evolution with a fast stage rate and a slow stage rule. We observed that the fast stage rate increased with B. Similar behavior was observed in the reversed phase transition. MRI measurements indicate that this phase transition occurs, at least for small B, by the heterogeneous nucleation mechanism, where new seeds appear at the liquid-crystal interface.PACS numbers: 64.60.Qb, 67.80.–s, 67.80.Jd, 68.08.–p, 76.60.Pc.     

完善统一国家认可体系,服务国民经济和社会发展,开创实验室认可工作新局面--中国实验室认可回顾与展望

2002年7月,新的中国实验室国家认可委员会(CNAL)、中国认证机构国家认可委员会(CNAB)和中国认证人员培训机构认可委员会相继宣布成立(CNAT),这三个认可机构是在过去多套认可体系的基础上合并而成的,这标志着我国新的、统一的合格评定国家认可体制的正式建立,从此结束了过去我国多套认可体系并存、工作重复交叉、互不承认和资源浪费的局面,这也意味着我国的合格评定认可工作从此进入了一个新的发展阶段.     

设计之星 全国大学生创意设计作品选

在上海海派文化和艺术氛围的大背景下,2006全国第二届艺术设计教育论坛邀请了国内外著名的专家学者来探讨新形势下的设计教育面临的问题,为中国设计教育寻找新的思路,这是新形势下设计教育的亮点,也是一大热点。论坛期间,“设计之星”第二届全国大学生创意设计作品展在上海大学美术学院创意中心举行,     

1,4-二叠氮-2,3-二叠氮甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷的合成

以硝基甲烷为原料合成了1,4-二叠氮-2,3-二叠氮甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷,总收率为37.8%。采用1HNMR﹑IR和MS对目标产物及中间体的结构进行了表征。在三羟甲基硝基甲烷的合成中,结合反应机理确定了氢氧化钙的用量为:n(CH3NO2)n(Ca(OH)2)=1001;通过对催化剂浓硫酸﹑三氟化硼—乙醚络合物和对甲苯磺酸的比较,得出对甲苯磺酸为中间体2,2-二甲基-5-羟甲基-5-硝基-1,3-二氧杂环己烷合成的较优催化剂;分别采用2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四硝酸酯和2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四对甲苯磺酸酯与NaN3反应,发现磺酸酯基易离去,叠氮化反应更易进行,收率较高;叠氮化反应的较优溶剂为DMSO。DSC分析表明,1,4-二叠氮-2,3-二叠氮甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷的分解峰温为223.46℃。     

Progress in the Realization of the Units of Capacitance, Resistance, and Inductance at the National Physical Laboratory, India

This paper describes the progress made at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), New Delhi, India, in the realization of the units of capacitance and resistance based on a calculable crosscapacitor. The realization of the unit of inductance in terms of capacitance using the Maxwell-Wein bridge and resonance techniques has also been described.     

Synthesis, structure, and some properties of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2

Crystalline LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ powders have been synthesized by two different procedures, using carbonate coprecipitation from sulfate and nitrate solutions, followed by two-step heat treatment of a mixture of the resultant Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3CO₃ precursor and Li₂CO₃ at 500 and 900°C. The powders have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The results demonstrate that the synthesized compounds have a hexagonally ordered, layered structure of the α-NaFeO₂ type. The primary-particle (crystallite) size in the powders is 50 nm and the aggregate size is 150–250 nm. The average size of larger structures (agglomerates) is 11 and 18 μm in the powders prepared via the sulfate and nitrate routes, respectively. The chemical stability of the synthesized powders is shown to depend on the ambient medium. Prolonged storage in air leads to the formation of new, lithium-deficient phases, especially in the case of the powders prepared from nitrate solutions.     

北京市国庆期间SO_2、CO、NO_x与O_3的监测与分析

于2001年国庆期间对北京市大气污染物SO2、CO、NOx与O3进行了连续监测,分析了各污染物浓度的变化特点及污染物之间的关系,评价了监测期间北京市的空气质量状况。结果表明:SO2、CO、NOx、O3体积分数均有明显的日变化特征。SO2体积分数日变化特征与冬季采暖期相比差异较大;NOx、CO体积分数的日变化趋势相近,低值区均出现在白天11:00～17:00;O3体积分数日变化特征显著,最大值出现在午后14:00左右,局地光化学反应生成是白天低层O3的主要来源。由相关性分析可知,O3与NOx呈负相关,相关系数为-0.53;CO与NOx呈正相关,相关系数为0.85。     

Graduation Ceremony for the 1~(st) National Standardization Postgraduates Held in Zhongnan University of Finance & Economics

Aftercompletingtheeducationprograms,whichwasjointlyheldbythestandardizationAdministrationofChi-na,andtheZhongnanUniversityofFinanceandEconomicsthe15studentsinthe1stnationalstandardizationpostgraduateclassgraduatedonMay10.WangZhongming,DeputyDirectorofthestandardizationAdministra-tionofChinaandleadersfromtheZhongnanUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,ChinaAssociationforStandardizationandQuality&TechnicalSupervisionBureauofHubeiProvince,attendedthegraduationcere-mony,andtwotypesofcertificat…     

Intercalation compounds of Ta2NiS5 with hydrazine, 1, 2-diaminoethane and 1, 3-diaminopropane

The layered compound Ta₂NiS₅ shows a topotactic intercalation reaction when treated with hydrazine, 1, 2-diaminoethane or 1, 3-diaminopropane. The double layered host structure exhibits an enlargement of the interlayer distances of 3.77–4.0 Å.     

Comparison of laser generation in thermally bonded and unbonded Er3+,Yb3+:glass/Co2+:MgAl2O4 microchip lasers

Pulse laser generation in several Er³⁺,Yb³⁺:glasses thermally bonded with Co²⁺:MgAl₂O₄ was achieved. Peak power in the range of 1.83–7.68 kW with pulse duration between 2.9 and 4.2 ns and energy up to 24 μJ was obtained. The output characteristics for different transmissions of the output couplers were investigated. To show the improvements gained by the thermal bonding procedure, a comparison of thermally bonded and unbonded samples was done in terms of generation efficiency, peak power, beam quality, generated spectra and pulse to pulse jitter.