Rural Telecommunications in Latin America

Over the last decade, Latin American telecommunications authorities have shown a growing concern for rural services reflecting their governments' increasing interest in this subject in the context of social and economic development. This paper presents a broad review of the existing situation of rural telecommunications in Latin America; details, though interesting in some cases, are not included except when necessary for the interpretation of the general problem. Rural communications, as reported here, refers only to telephony and telegraphy; other services, especially radio and television broadcasting, are not considered although they can be related to rural programs.     

拉丁美洲的光通信和市场

拉美的光通信场市场随各国经济的改革和复兴走上了快速发展之路，与发达国家积极合作和大力建设海底光缆是其发展的两大特点。本文概要介绍了拉美６个主要国家的光通信市场发展前景、现状及电信投资额，并给出了该地区正在或计划建设的海底光缆系统的具体情况。     

高速发展中的拉美因特网市场

拉美地区的因特网起步较晚，普及率和服务水平都比较低。为了改变因特网的落后状况，拉美各国采取了提取了提供免费服务、进行产业内部的调整重组和并购网络产业吸引投资等措施，拉美地区的因特网市场开始以惊人的速度发展。巴西、墨西哥、阿根廷和哥伦比亚是拉美地区最主要的4个因特网国家。     

数字地面无线电视在四大洲内的近期进展

欧洲、亚洲、大洋洲和拉丁美洲的很多国家的政府及(或)广电机构近年内在推进数字地面无线电视(DTT)方面，取得不少进展，因特网上尤其DigiTAG的网站出现很多报道。DigiTAG是Digital Terrestrial Television Action Group(“数字地面无线电视行动组”)的简称，是西欧国家的有关机构和企业为了在欧洲和世界其他地区推广DVB—T制式而组成的。     

Latin America goes wireless via satellite

The authors address the following questions. What does the current growth of the satellite market really mean for Latin America? What are the plans to cover the region with satellite systems? How will they impact the Latin American economy and more particularly its satellite industry? Is Latin America going satellite by itself and is it managing wireless implementation via satellite to the best of its interests? Is Latin America looking for its role in the globalization of the world? Is it possible and healthy to think about regional or subregional models to lead Latin America wireless via satellite as well as its own means? Should Latin America be considered only a market, and nothing more? How will these questions be answered? To deal with these issues, currently “fashionable” satellite applications such as direct to home (DTH) and direct broadcast satellite (DBS), as well as rural and mobile communications, are approached from the marketing, legal, and regulatory points of view, including the “sleeping” plan for the broadcasting satellite service in Region 2     

IP电话的时机和应用领域

现在世界上没有哪个电信运营商或服务供应商会不相信在将来的某个时间，他们的绝大部分话音呼叫将通过IP网络进行传输。但到底是何时？随着发展中国家语音业务的不断推进，以及发达国家为拨号因特网传输提供足够容量的相互竞争，电路交换PSTN方面的投资也在不断进行。然而，现在越来越多的人认为IP电话发展的黄金时间即将到来。当然这并不意味着我们在一夜之间就会看到话音呼叫处理从电路交换转换到IP网络。IP电话的部署是由它能够提供的商业利益所驱动的。电信运营商和服务供应商正寻求机会，以降低提供现有业务、为现有客户提供新业…     

电话交换的发展前景

本文分析了时分复用和包分复用模式各自的应用和优缺点，指出了ＰＤＭ这种不同的通信模式的出现，将对ＴＤＭ技术构成激烈的竞争。同时，无线电话技术的发展及其独特的优势，将使之成为新的接入媒体，它将和Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ，ＡＴＭ技术一起，对下一代电话交换机的设计产生直接影响。     

拉美国家成为电信投资热点

拉美国家从８０年代末开始进行电信私营化及放开电信市场改革，尽管大部分国家的改革成效还有等观察，但投资商还是迫不及待的选择拉美国家电信市场作为投资的热点，而墨西哥和巴西更成了热点中的热点。本文介绍了拉美电信市场投资概况，重点分析了墨西哥和巴西两个国家电信投资的情况和特点，指出了中国电信应密切关注其发展概况，以便在适当时积极参与。     

A model of wireless broadband diffusion in Latin America

Countries in Latin America have lagged behind much of the world in telephone lines, but they have made up this gap through cellular networks. The limited wired infrastructure means that broadband access will more likely be achieved through wireless technology. In this paper, we argue that Latin America will experience a patchwork pattern of adoption where segments of society will have state of the art broadband access while many segments will be left behind without connectivity. We test this hypothesis through a simulation developed using iThink^® and show how 3G cellular and WiFi access could evolve in Latin America. Data cellular networks will have a slower take-up rate because of the high costs of the handset (as well as access fees); while WiFi, although imperfect will experience faster growth. The patchwork adoption framework argues that socioeconomic indicators affect the way technologies are diffused. We present data on these indicators for four countries: Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru.