3个品种芒果果核乙醇提取物抗氧化活性

对3个品种芒果果核提取物抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明,3个品种中“台农”芒果核总酚含量最高((9.04±0.03)mg/g),“金煌”((8.22±0.10)mg/g)次之,“贵妃”((7.25±0.10)mg/g)最少。3个芒果品种芒果核乙醇提取物均具有一定的清除DPPH自由基、清除ABTS+ ·、Fe3+还原力、抗脂质氧化、Fe2+络合能力和清除羟自由基的能力。其中“台农”果核提取物抗氧化能力较强,并且清除率和质量浓度间存在剂量依赖关系。     

枣叶黄酮体外及皮肤荧光斑马鱼体内抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究乐陵枣叶总黄酮的抗氧化活性。方法:采用分光光度法测定枣叶总黄酮对DPPH·、·OH和O-2·的清除能力和总黄酮的还原力;同时利用皮肤荧光斑马鱼进行总黄酮的抗氧化活性实验。结果:枣叶总黄酮在0.2~1.0mg/mL范围内对DPPH·,·OH和O-2·有着良好的清除作用,当试样浓度为1.0mg/mL时,清除率达到最大,分别为65.4%,55.0%,75.5%。在对皮肤荧光斑马鱼进行总黄酮的抗氧化活性体内实验中,设置了三个实验组(20,50,100μg/mL),其相对抗氧化能力分别达到了49.6%,58.6%和77.8%。结论:乐陵枣叶总黄酮对自由基具有良好的清除作用,具有较好的抗氧化能力。     

稠李属3种果实花色苷的抗氧化活性

对稠李属3种果实浸提得到的花色苷抗氧化活性进行了比较。采用羟自由基(.OH)清除能力、ABTS自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力、总还原能力来评价稠李属3种果实花色苷的抗氧化活性,并采用VC作对照。结果表明:稠李属3种果实的花色苷对.OH、ABTS、DPPH有较强的清除能力,且抗氧化活性均随样品浓度升高而增强,呈明显的量效关系,在试选范围内清除效果均低于VC对照组。但当稠李及山桃稠李的质量浓度大于0.04 mg/mL时,其还原能力强于VC对照组。3种果实花色苷中,抗氧化活性从大到小依次为稠李>山桃稠李>紫叶稠李。     

菜芙蓉花乙醇提取物抗氧化性及抑制Hela细胞生长的研究

目的:研究菜芙蓉(Ablmoschus manihot(L.)Medic)花80%乙醇提取物的抗氧化能力以及对人宫颈肿瘤Hela细胞的生长抑制作用。方法:采用Fenton反应法、邻苯三酚自氧化法、DPPH法检测菜芙蓉花提取物对体外羟自由基(.OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O-2.)、2DPPH自由基的清除作用并测定其还原力。MTT法评价菜芙蓉黄酮提取物对细胞生长的抑制效果。结果:菜芙蓉花提取物清除.OH、O-2.、DPPH自由基的能力随总黄酮质量浓度的增加而升高,EC50分别为170、20、8.7mg/L,其还原力是对照VC的两倍。菜芙蓉花提取物能够有效抑制肿瘤细胞的生长,且对Hela细胞的抑制作用与总黄酮质量浓度存在显著的剂量效应,IC50为228μg/mL。结论:菜芙蓉花提取物抗氧化性强,具有抑制Hela细胞生长的作用,是一种有效的天然抗氧化剂。     

酸法提取菜籽多糖的抗氧化活性研究

为进一步开发利用菜籽资源,本研究从菜籽饼粕中以酸法提取菜籽多糖并对其抗氧化性进行研究。测定指标包括还原能力、DPPH自由基清除能力、羟自由基(.OH)清除能力和超氧阴离子自由基(O-2.)清除能力。结果表明:酸法提取菜籽多糖具有一定的清除.OH、DPPH自由基的能力及还原能力,而且其抗氧化能力与多糖的质量浓度成正相关性;其中,当多糖质量浓度为2mg/mL时,DPPH自由基清除能力能达到49.9%;当多糖质量浓度为4mg/mL时,.OH的清除能力能达到30.4%;但其对于O-2.几乎没有清除作用。     

野葛总黄酮的提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究

通过单因素试验及正交试验确定野葛总黄酮的最佳提取工艺,并采用紫外分光光度法对野葛总黄酮的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基清除能力、总还原能力和羟基（OH）自由基清除能力进行测定。结果表明,野葛总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为：体积分数40%的乙醇、料液比1∶20（g∶mL）、80 ℃水浴提取2 h,提取2次。在此优化条件下,野葛总黄酮的提取率3.06%。抗氧化试验结果表明,野葛总黄酮质量浓度分别为0.8 mg/mL、0.4 mg/mL、0.8 mg/mL时,DPPH自由基清除能力、OH自由基清除能力、总还原能力（OD700 nm值）最大值分别为72.98%、65.38%、0.16,表明野葛中总黄酮具有一定的抗氧化能力,且在一定浓度范围内,浓度越高抗氧化能力越强。     

葡萄籽原花青素抗氧化作用的研究

采用亚油酸体系、脂质体体系、DPPH.及O2-.研究葡萄籽原花青素提取物的抗氧化活性,结果表明,葡萄籽原花青素具有很强的抗氧化和自由基清除能力,在亚油酸及脂质体体系中,原花青素的抗氧化活性高于VC和VE,并与VC、VE具有协同增效作用,随着浓度的增加,其抗氧化能力可以与合成抗氧化剂BHT相近;原花青素对DPPH.自由基的清除能力优于VC、VE及BHT,半抑制浓度分别为:原花青素1.8μg/mL、VC 2.5μg/mL、VE 6.3μg/mL、BHT 3.5μg/mL。对O2-.的清除能力优于VE而与VC相近,半抑制浓度分别为原花青素15.4μg/mL、VC 14.5μg/mL、VE 177μg/mL。     

鼠曲草总黄酮的抗氧化活性研究

[目的]研究鼠曲草总黄酮的抗氧化活性。[方法]分别采用DPPH自由基法、羟基自由基法、对亚硝化反应的抑制作用和抗脂质氧化四种方法研究了鼠曲草总黄酮的抗氧化活性。[结果]当鼠曲草总黄酮浓度在13.33μg/mL 133.3μg/mL和10.67μg/mL 127.97μg/mL范围内,其对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基的清除率分别为7.09%55.71%和40.08%83.93%,且都存在明显的量效关系;0.12mg/mL的鼠曲草总黄酮溶液12mL对亚硝胺合成的阻断率可达69.66%,对NaNO2的清除率可达70.71%;鼠曲草总黄酮清除DPPH自由基、清除羟基自由基、阻断亚硝胺合成、清除NaNO2的IC50值分别为118.2μg/mL、16.3μg/mL、33.4μg/mL、17.8μg/mL。同时,质量浓度0.05%的鼠曲草总黄酮和0.02%的TBHQ的抗大豆油氧化能力相接近。[结论]鼠曲草总黄酮是一种天然有效的抗氧化剂,可用于保健食品、药品开发。     

飞龙掌血多糖清除自由基活性的研究

目的：研究飞龙掌血多糖的抗氧化活性。方法：采用Fenton法、DPPH法测定飞龙掌血多糖清除羟基自由基（.OH）、二苯代苦味酰肼自由基（DPPH.）的能力,以VC为对照。结果：质量浓度在0.2～0.4mg/mL范围内,飞龙掌血多糖随浓度增大,清除.OH能力增强,且0.4mg/mL时清除率高达73.7%;质量浓度在5×10-3～5×10-1mg/mL时,对DPPH.的清除率为13.5%～79.5%,清除作用与浓度呈正相关,当浓度为0.5mg/mL时,清除率高达79.5%。结论：飞龙掌血多糖具有较强的体外抗氧化性能,对.OH、DPPH.具有明显的清除作用。     

槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物清除自由基的活性研究

为改善槲皮素的水溶性,将其制成锌(Ⅱ)配合物,测定了槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物对四种自由基——DPPH·、·OH自由基、O-2·自由基以及烷基自由基的清除能力,并同VC、BHT进行了比较。并通过体内实验,测定其在小鼠体内的总抗氧化能力。结果表明:在实验质量浓度范围内(0.05～1.2mg/mL),槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物对DPPH·、·OH自由基、O-2·自由基的清除率可达90.51%、85.65%和79.81%;其对烷基自由基的抑制率为82.67%,且其抗氧化活性强于VC和BHT。小鼠体内的总抗氧化能力的测定结果显示,槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物在高剂量时具有最大抗氧化力,为12.7980±0.9131单位/mL血清。结果表明,槲皮素-锌(Ⅱ)配合物是一种有效的自由基清除剂。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the