沙枣多糖抗疲劳作用及其机制的研究

目的：探讨沙枣多糖(EAP)的抗疲劳生物功效及其机制。方法：取健康雄性清洁级ICR 小鼠192 只,随机分为4 批,每批48 只,分别进行负重游泳、肝糖原测定、血清尿素氮和血乳酸测定实验。每批动物再随机分为4 组,即正常对照组、EAP 低剂量组(100mg/(kg bw·d))、EAP 中剂量组(500mg/(kg bw·d))、EAP 高剂量组(1000mg/(kg bw·d)),连续灌胃30d 后分别测定负重游泳时间、肝糖原含量、血清尿素氮和血乳酸含量。结果：EAP 中、高剂量组能延长小鼠负重游泳时间;EAP 各剂量组均能增加肝糖原含量;EAP 低、高剂量组能够减少血清尿素氮含量;EAP 中、高剂量组能降低血乳酸含量。结论：EAP 具有明显的抗疲劳作用。     

竹叶黄酮抗疲劳作用的实验研究

研究竹叶黄酮对小鼠抗疲劳作用.128只雄性昆明种小鼠适应7d喂养后,随机分为4组,即对照组(CTG)和黄酮低剂量治疗组(LFG)、黄酮中剂量治疗组(MFG)、黄酮高剂量治疗组(HFG).采用灌胃法,治疗组每天以15mL/kg·BW的容量给小鼠灌胃不同剂量的竹叶黄酮(25mg/kg、50mg/kg、100mg/kg),对照组给予等量蒸馏水.连续21d后,测定小鼠爬杆时间、力竭游泳时间、血乳酸、血清尿素氮、肝(肌)糖原等指标.结果显示竹叶黄酮能够延长小鼠爬杆时间和负重力竭游泳;降低血乳酸和血尿素氮的含量;提高肝(肌)糖原含量.这表明竹叶黄酮对机体具有抗疲劳作用,中、高剂量效果较佳.     

红甜菜鲜汁抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的：研究红甜菜鲜汁对小鼠的抗疲劳作用,为抗疲劳饮品提供实验依据。方法：随机将健康雄性小鼠分为4 组,分别为红甜菜鲜汁高剂量组(16mL/(kg·d))、中剂量组(8mL/(kg·d))、低剂量组(4mL/(kg·d))和蒸馏水空白对照组,连续灌胃给药30d 后,测定小鼠负重的游泳时间、血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原含量等指标 的变化。结果：红甜菜鲜汁能增强小鼠负重游泳耐力,降低血清尿素氮、血乳酸含量,提高肝糖原含量。结论：红甜菜鲜汁对小鼠有一定的抗疲劳作用,且高剂量组效果最显著。     

枸杞子多糖抗疲劳活性研究

目的:研究枸杞子多糖对小鼠抗疲劳作用的影响。方法:将小鼠随机分为4组,枸杞子多糖低剂量组(25 mg/kg),枸杞子多糖中剂量组(50 mg/kg),枸杞子多糖高剂量组(100 mg/kg)和对照组(生理盐水0.1 mL/10 g),连续灌胃给药25 d,观察小鼠负重游泳时间、SOD活力和MDA值、肝糖原和肌糖原、血清尿素氮和乳酸含量等指标考察枸杞子多糖的抗疲劳作用。结果:枸杞子多糖可以明显延长负重小鼠的游泳时间,提高SOD活力,降低MDA含量,提高肝糖原和肌糖原含量,降低血清尿素氮和乳酸的含量。结论:枸杞子多糖具有抗疲劳活性。     

蚂蚁粉的抗疲劳作用的实验研究

研究蚂蚁粉的抗疲劳作用.蚂蚁粉分3个剂量组即：83 mg/kg,167 mg/kg,250 mg/kg给小鼠灌胃,对照组为蒸馏水.30 d后小鼠游泳造成疲劳,测定血乳酸、尿素氮、肝糖原及小鼠游泳时间等指标.结果：蚂蚁粉的3个剂量组均能显著提高小鼠肝糖原的储备量;降低小鼠游泳后血乳酸曲线下面积;降低运动后血清尿素氮含量,加速体内尿素氮的清除速率,提高小鼠的游泳时间.结论：蚂蚁粉有抗疲劳作用.     

楮实多糖对小鼠抗疲劳作用的研究

研究楮实多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳作用。实验随机将小鼠分为4组,分别为空白组、楮实多糖低剂量组(20 mg/kg)、中剂量组(50 mg/kg)以及高剂量组(80 mg/kg),灌胃给药21 d后,考察楮实多糖对小鼠游泳时间以及乳酸脱氢酶、血中尿素氮、肝糖原含量的影响。结果表明:楮实多糖能增加小鼠游泳耐力,与空白组比较差异显著(P0.05),且楮实多糖具有提高小鼠在运动前后体内肌糖原和肝糖原储备量、乳酸脱氢酶活力及降低尿素氮含量的功效,为机体提供更多能源物质,延缓疲劳产生。     

玉米肽抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的:为了开发、利用玉米肽资源、对玉米肽进行了抗疲劳作用研究。方法:进行玉米肽对小鼠游泳时间、小鼠爬杆时间、血乳酸、血中尿素氮、肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量等的影响实验。结果:玉米肽能增强小鼠游泳耐力、延长爬杆时间,降低血乳酸、血中尿素氮含量,提高肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量。结论:玉米肽具有抗疲劳作用。     

柳黄酮抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的：为了开发、利用柳叶资源、对柳黄酮进行了抗疲劳作用研究。方法：进行柳黄酮对小鼠游泳时间、小鼠爬杆时间、血乳酸、血中尿素氮、肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量等的影响实验。结果：柳叶能增强小鼠游泳耐力、延长爬杆时间，降低血乳酸、血中尿素氮含量，提高肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量。结论：柳黄酮具有抗疲劳作用。     

电裂解大豆肽抗疲劳作用的实验研究

实验观察电裂解大豆肽对小鼠抗疲劳作用的影响。电裂解大豆肽分为高、中、低剂量组,分别为7.5、5.0、2.5g/kg.d喂饲小鼠30d,观察小鼠爬杆时间、负重游泳时间,测定血清尿素氮、肝糖原和肌糖原含量,测定游泳前后0～20min内血清乳酸含量的变化。实验结果表明电裂解大豆肽能显著延长小鼠爬杆时间和负重游泳时间,增加小鼠运动过程中肝糖原和肌糖原含量,减少血清尿素氮的含量,并能显著降低游泳后血清乳酸的增加量。结论为电裂解大豆肽具有明显的抗疲劳作用。     

玉米肽抗疲劳作用的实验研究

为了开发、利用玉米肽资源 ,对玉米肽进行了抗疲劳作用研究。进行玉米肽对小鼠游泳时间、小鼠爬杆时间、血乳酸、血中尿素氮、肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量等的影响实验。研究表明 ,玉米肽能增强小鼠游泳耐力、延长爬杆时间 ,降低血乳酸、血中尿素氮含量 ,提高肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the